The Language of Adi Granth - By Harjeet Singh Gill

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THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH HARJEET SINGH GILL

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The Adi Granth, also denominated respectfully, Sri Guru Granth Sahib, is the most sacred Book of the Sikhs. It was compiled by the fifth Guru, Guru Arjun, in 1604, in Amritsar. A voluminous text of fourteen hundred and thirty pages, it includes the compositions of the first five Gurus, Guru Nanak, Guru Angad, Guru Amar Das, Guru Ram Das and Guru Arjun himself. A few hymns of the ninth Guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur were also included later by the tenth Guru, Guru Gobind Singh. Besides these compositions of the Sikh Gurus, Guru Arjun had added the compositions of the Muslim saint, Baba Farid, and of a number of Hindu saints of the Bhakti movement. Apart from the initial composition, Japuji of the first Guru, Guru Nanak, all other hymns are set to one or the other thirty-one classical rāgās. The phonetic transcription of the language of the Adi Granth has shown numerous variations in orthographic notations. It is due primarily to the fact that the language of this religious discourse of the sixteenth century has a number of interacting linguistic registers and musical interpolations. Guru Arjun, the editor of the Granth, was a highly erudite scholar, and Bhai Gurdas, the scribe, was proficient in many languages. His Wārān and Kabit demonstrate his linguistic competence in no uncertain terms. If the two words are differentiated by Bhai Gurdas in orthography by the opposition of [i:e], [ɛ:ɛh], [u:o], this difference in form must correspond to a difference in content. The semantic universe is controlled by distinct phonetic realisations. The [šúd pāṭh], the correct articulation, leads to the [šúd arth], the correct interpretation. The contrary is also equally true. Professor Sahib Singh is the only scholar who made a serious attempt at deciphering these intricacies but he worked mostly on the additional short vowels, [u] and [i]. They are the phonetic residues of Middle Indo-Aryan. According to Professor Sahib Singh, these vowels refer to grammatical functions of number, gender and case. This study needs further elucidation as by the sixteenth century Punjabi had developed a full fledged postpositional system. The case declensions of Sanskrit cannot be imposed on the grammatical features of medieval Punjabi… As far as other variations are concerned, there is hardly any thing of serious note. It is obvious that this linguistic aspect of the most holy Book of the Sikhs requires a very diligent and very urgent attention. These researches will take extraordinary long time and hard work by eminent musicologists and linguists. This is a highly arduous task. For the time being, what is required is to follow these variations in Gurmukhi orthography. The readers must articulate these phonetic realisations as they are presented graphically in the sacred text.

Transcript of The Language of Adi Granth - By Harjeet Singh Gill

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE

    ADI GRANTH

    HARJEET SINGH GILL

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE

    ADI GRANTH

    HARJEET SINGH GILL EMERITUS PROFESSOR OF SEMIOTICS

    JAWAHARLAL NEHRU UNIVERSITY

    MUKHTIAR SINGH GILL

    PROJECT ASSOCIATE PUNJABI UNIVERSITY

    PUNJABI UNIVERSITY, PATIALA

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH INTRODUCTION

    INTRODUCTION

    ORTHOGRAPHIC VARIATIONS

    The Adi Granth, also denominated respectfully, Sri Guru Granth Sahib, is the most sacred Book of the Sikhs. It was compiled by the fifth Guru, Guru Arjun, in 1604, in Amritsar. A voluminous text of fourteen hundred and thirty pages, it includes the compositions of the first five Gurus, Guru Nanak, Guru Angad, Guru Amar Das, Guru Ram Das and Guru Arjun himself. A few hymns of the ninth Guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur were also included later by the tenth Guru, Guru Gobind Singh. Besides these compositions of the Sikh Gurus, Guru Arjun had added the compositions of the Muslim saint, Baba Farid, and of a number of Hindu saints of the Bhakti movement. Apart from the initial composition, Japuji of the first Guru, Guru Nanak, all other hymns are set to one or the other thirty-one classical rgs. The phonetic transcription of the language of the Adi Granth has shown numerous variations in orthographic notations. It is due primarily to the fact that the language of this religious discourse of the sixteenth century has a number of interacting

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    linguistic registers and musical interpolations. Guru Arjun, the editor of the Granth, was a highly erudite scholar, and Bhai Gurdas, the scribe, was proficient in many languages. His Wrn and Kabit demonstrate his linguistic competence in no uncertain terms. If the two words are differentiated by Bhai Gurdas in orthography by the opposition of [i:e], [:h], [u:o], this difference in form must correspond to a difference in content. The semantic universe is controlled by distinct phonetic realisations. The [d ph], the correct articulation, leads to the [d arth], the correct interpretation. The contrary is also equally true. Professor Sahib Singh is the only scholar who made a serious attempt at deciphering these intricacies but he worked mostly on the additional short vowels, [u] and [i]. They are the phonetic residues of Middle Indo-Aryan. According to Professor Sahib Singh, these vowels refer to grammatical functions of number, gender and case. This study needs further elucidation as by the sixteenth century Punjabi had developed a full fledged postpositional system. The case declensions of Sanskrit cannot be imposed on the grammatical features of medieval Punjabi As far as other variations are concerned, there is hardly any thing of serious note. It is obvious that this linguistic aspect of the most holy Book of the Sikhs requires a very diligent and very urgent attention. These researches will take extraordinary long time and hard work by eminent musicologists and linguists. This is a highly arduous task. For the time being, what is required is to follow

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH INTRODUCTION

    3

    these variations in Gurmukhi orthography. The readers must articulate these phonetic realisations as they are presented graphically in the sacred text. At this stage, we can draw two conclusions. Firstly, the tradition of memorising the compositions is fraught with all kinds of complications. It is very difficult, if not outright impossible, to memorise even a very short text, even a single page, without making several articulatory mistakes. Secondly, the [d ph], the absolutely correct enunciation, the most sacred task in Sikh theological tradition, has to be very, very slow. One has to pause at every clause to be able to follow the phonetic contours of the ensuing utterance. This exercise must take several days, if not weeks, to complete the reading of the entire Granth, to maintain even the semblance of correct enunciation. The alternative is a sacrilege in every sense of the term. I am grateful to Mukhtiar Singh Gill for his meticulous proof reading of the entire text. Harjeet Singh Gill Emeritus Professor of Semiotics Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi

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    isrIrwgu mhlw 4 Gru 2 CMq

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    The orthographic variations in the Adi Granth may be presented as follows. a/ EAM gurmuiK kIE Akwrw ] m 5 250 [akr] inrMkwr Awkwr Awip inrgun srgun eyk ] m 5 250 [kr] inrMkwr Awkwr Awip inrgun srgun eyk ] eykih eyk bKwnno nwnk eyk Anyk ] 1 ] pauVI ] EAM gurmuiK kIE Akwrw ] eykih sUiq provnhwrw m 5 250 gurmuiK ijnI ArwiDAw iqnI qirAw Baujlu sMswru ] m 3 90 [ardi] nwnk hir nwmu ijnI AwrwiDAw Anidnu hir ilv qwr ] m 3 90 [rdi] nwnk hir nwmu ijnI AwrwiDAw Anidnu hir ilv qwr ] mwieAw bMdI Ksm kI iqn AgY kmwvY kwr ] pUrY pUrw kir CoifAw hukim svwrxhwr ] gur prswdI ijnI buiJAw iqin pwieAw moK duAwru ] mnmuK hukmu n jwxnI iqn mwry jm jMdwru ] gurmuiK ijnI ArwiDAw iqnI qirAw Baujlu sMswru m 3 90

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    gur prswdI sbid slwhI ] m 3 119 [salh] ikau kir vyKw ikau swlwhI ] m 3 119 [slh] ikau kir vyKw ikau swlwhI ] gur prswdI sbid slwhI ] qyry Bwxy ivic AMimRqu vsY qUM BwxY AMimRqu pIAwvixAw ] 7 ] AMimRq sbdu AMimRq hir bwxI ] siqguir syivAY irdY smwxI ] nwnk AMimRq nwmu sdw suKdwqw pI AMimRqu sB BuK lih jwvixAw ] 8 ] m 3 119 min inrmil vsY scu soie ] swic visAY swcI sB kwr ] m 3 158 [sa] [s] ikCu rUpu nhI ikCu jwiq nwhI ikCu FMgu n myrw ] m 4 167 [nah] [nh] bRhm igAwnI kw nhI ibnws ] m 5 273 [nah] bRhm igAwnI kY nwhI DMDw ] m 5 273 [nh] bRhm igAwnI eyk aUpir Aws ] bRhm igAwnI kw nhI ibnws ] bRhm igAwnI kY grIbI smwhw ] bRhm igAwnI praupkwr aumwhw ] bRhm igAwnI kY nwhI DMDw ] bRhm igAwnI ly Dwvqu bMDw ] m 5 273

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    bRhm igAwnI kau sdw Adysu ] m 5 273 [ades] Awdysu iqsY Awdysu ] m 1 7 [des] sMq srxweI lBxy nwnk pRwx ADwr ] m 5 80 [adr] qyry bcn AnUp Apwr sMqn AwDwr bwxI bIcwrIAY jIau ] m 5 80 [dr] sMq srxweI lBxy nwnk pRwx ADwr ] 1 ] CMqu ] crn kml isau pRIiq rIiq sMqn min Awvey jIau ] duqIAw Bwau ibprIiq AnIiq dwsw nh Bwvey jIau ] dwsw nh Bwvey ibnu drswvey iek iKnu DIrju ikau krY ] nwm ibhUnw qnu mnu hInw jl ibnu mCulI ijau mrY ] imlu myry ipAwry pRwn ADwry gux swDsMig imil gwvey ] nwnk ky suAwmI Dwir AnugRhu min qin AMik smwvey ] 1 ] fKxw ] sohMdVo hB Twie koie n idsY fUjVo ] Kul@Vy kpwt nwnk siqgur Bytqy ] m 5 80 qyry gur sBw eyv n pweIAY nw nyVY nw dUir ] m 3 84 [na] [n] [n] nwnk kwmix sdw suhwgix nw ipru mrY n jwey ] m 3 245 [n] [na]

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    ipr kw mhlu n pwveI nw dIsY Gru bwru ] m 3 31 [na] [n] gur sBw eyv n pweIAY nw nyVY nw dUir ] m 3 84 [na] [n] [n] hau hau krqI jgu iPrI nw Dnu sMpY nwil ] AMDI nwmu n cyqeI sB bwDI jmkwil ] m 3 32 [n] [na] qw ky rUp n kQny jwih ] nw Eih mrih n Twgy jwih ] ijn kY rwmu vsY mn mwih ] iqQY Bgq vsih ky loA ] krih Andu scw min soie ] sc KMif vsY inrMkwru ] kir kir vyKY ndir inhwl ] iqQY KMf mMfl vrBMf ] jy ko kQY q AMq n AMq ] m 1 8 The rhythmic movement from [na] to [n], [ta] to [t] is highly complex and yet the reader has no choice. Phonologically, there is no short vowel in the final position but the musical note requires this opposition to be realised properly. bRhm igAwnI kY Gir sdw And ] m 5 273 [anad] sUK shj Awn d ibsRwm ] m 5 210 [nad] And ibnod coj qmwsy quDu BwvY so hoxw jIau ] m 5 100 [anad]

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    Awnd sUK Bytq hir nwnk jnmu ikqwrQu sPlu svyrw ] m 5 204 [nad] hir isau jurY qw sBu ko mIqu ] hir isau jurY q inhclu cIqu ] m 5 238 [t] [ta] idRsit Dwir Apnw dwsu svwirAw ] m 5 108 [apn] Awpxw nwau Awip jpweI ] m 5 108 [p] Apxw Awpu qUM Awip pCwxih ] m 5 108 [ap] idRsit Dwir Apnw dwsu svwirAw ] Gt Gt AMqir pwrbRhmu nmskwirAw ] ieksu ivxu horu dUjw nwhI bwbw nwnk ieh miq swrI jIau ] 4 ] 39 ] 46 ] m 5 108 Awpxw nwau Awip jpweI ] gur boihQu pwieAw ikrpw qy nwnk Duir sMjogw jIau ] 4 ] 41 ] 48 ] mwJ mhlw 5 ] soeI krxw ij Awip krwey ] ijQY rKY sw BlI jwey ] soeI isAwxw so piqvMqw hukmu lgY ijsu mITw jIau ] 1 ] sB proeI iekqu DwgY ] ijsu lwie ley so crxI lwgY ] aUD kvlu ijsu hoie pRgwsw iqin srb inrMjnu fITw jIau ] 2 ] qyrI mihmw qUMhY jwxih ] Apxw Awpu qUM Awip pCwxih ] hau bilhwrI sMqn qyry ijin kwmu koDu loBu pITw jIau ] m 5 108

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    jo qau kIny Awpxy iqnw kUM imilEih ] m 5 81 [pe] ApunY Twkuir jo pihrwieAw ] m 5 102 [apun] Apxy krqb Awpy jwxih Awpy quDu smwlIAY jIau ] m 5 102 [ape] ApunY Twkuir jo pihrwieAw ] bhuir n lyKw puiC bulwieAw ] iqsu syvk kY nwnk kurbwxI so gihr gBIrw gauhru jIau ] m 5 102 qUM inrguxu srguxu suKdwqw ] qUM inrbwxu rsIAw rMig rwqw ] Apxy krqb Awpy jwxih Awpy quDu smwlIAY jIau ] 3 ] qUM Twkuru syvku Puin Awpy ] qUM gupqu prgtu pRB Awpy ] m 5 102 gur imil Apunw Ksmu iDAwvau ] m 5 177 [apun] dws Apny kI rwKnhwr ] m 5 177 [apne] pRB Apuny jb Bey dieAwl ] pUrn hoeI syvk Gwl ] bMDn kwit kIey Apny dws ] m 5 178 [apune] [apne] hYvr gYvr Awpn nhI kwm ] m 5 187 [pan] Awpunw dwsrw Awpy muil lIau ] 6 ] Awpy lwieE Apnw ipAwru ] m 5 240 [pun] [apn]

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    ijin guir mo kau dInw jIau ] Awpunw dwsrw Awpy muil lIau ] 6 ] Awpy lwieE Apnw ipAwru ] sdw sdw iqsu gur kau krI nmskwru ] 7 ] kil klys BY BRm duK lwQw ] khu nwnk myrw guru smrwQw ] 8 ] 9 ] m 5 240 a/ Bytq sMig rwm gun rvy ] pwrbRhm kI drgh gvy ] m 5 287 [dargah] srb inDwn mih hir nwmu inDwnu ] jip nwnk drgih prvwnu ] m 5 288 [dargh] i/ hY iB scu nwnk hosI iB scu ] m 5 285 [b] [b] hY BI scu nwnk hosI BI scu ] m 1 1 [b] [b]

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    Apparently the enunciation of Japuji is repeated in Sukhmani with a change from long [] to short [i], the difference could be due to the rhythm of the new composition : Awid scu jugwid scu ] hY BI scu nwnk hosI BI scu ] 1 ] sloku ] Awid scu jugwid scu ] hY iB scu nwnk hosI iB scu ] 1 ] AstpdI ] crn siq siq prsnhwr ] pUjw siq siq syvdwr ] dir kUc kUcw kir gey Avry iB clxhwr ] m 1 64 [b] klau mswjnI jwiesI iliKAw BI nwly jwie ] m 3 84 [b] gwvih icqu gupqu iliK jwxih iliK iliK Drmu vIcwry ] gwvih eIsru brmw dyvI sohin sdw svwry ] gwvih ieMd iedwsix bYTy dyviqAw dir nwly ] gwvih isD smwDI AMdir gwvin swD ivcwry ] gwvin jqI sqI sMqoKI gwvih vIr krwry ] gwvin pMifq pVin rKIsr jugu jugu vydw nwly ] gwvih mohxIAw mnu mohin surgw mC pieAwly ] gwvin rqn aupwey qyry ATsiT qIrQ nwly ] gwvih joD mhwbl sUrw gwvih KwxI cwry ] gwvih KMf mMfl vrBMfw kir kir rKy Dwry ] syeI quDuno gwvih jo quDu Bwvin rqy qyry Bgq rswly ] hor kyqy gwvin sy mY iciq n Awvin nwnku ikAw vIcwry ] m 1 6 [vre] [vire] [vre]

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    nwnk soeI syvIAY ijqu syivAY duKu jwie ] m 1 956 [sev] [sevi] siqguru syivAY hir min vsY lgY n mYlu pqMgu ] m 3 69 [sevi] scw swihbu syvIAY gurmuiK vsY min Awie ] m 3 69 [sev] scw swihbu syvIAY gurmuiK vsY min Awie ] sdw rMig rwqy sc isau ApunI ikrpw kry imlwie ] 7 ] Awpy kry krwey Awpy ieknw suiqAw dyie jgwie ] Awpy myil imlwiedw nwnk sbid smwie ] 8 ] 7 ] 24 ] isrIrwgu mhlw 3 ] siqguir syivAY mnu inrmlw Bey pivqu srIr ] min Awndu sdw suKu pwieAw ByitAw gihr gMBIru ] scI sMgiq bYsxw sic nwim mnu DIr ] 1 ] mn ry siqguru syiv insMgu ] siqguru syivAY hir min vsY lgY n mYlu pqMgu ] 1 ] m 3 69 suixAY isD pIr suir nwQ ] m 1 2 [sui] gwvIAY suxIAY min rKIAY Bwau ] m 1 2 [su] gwvIAY suxIAY min rKIAY Bwau ] duKu prhir suKu Gir lY jwie ] gurmuiK nwdM gurmuiK vydM gurmuiK rihAw smweI ] guru eIsru guru gorKu brmw guru pwrbqI mweI ] m 1 2

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    suixAY isD pIr suir nwQ ] suixAY Driq Dvl Awkws ] suixAY dIp loA pwqwl ] suixAY poih n skY kwlu ] nwnk Bgqw sdw ivgwsu ] suixAY dUK pwp kw nwsu ] 8 ] suixAY eIsru brmw ieMdu ] suixAY muiK swlwhx mMdu ] suixAY jog jugiq qin Byd ] suixAY swsq isimRiq vyd ] m 1 2 hir ibsirAY duK rog Gnyry ] m 5 197 [bisari] nwim ibswirAY sBu kUVo kUir ] m 1 226 [bisri] siqguru ByitAY inrmlu hoAw Anidnu nwmu vKwxY ] m 3 67 [pi] ijsu liV ligAY jIvIAY Bvjlu peIAY pwir ] m 5 218 [lagi] mUMif muMifwieAY jy guru pweIAY hm guru kInI gMgwqw ] m 1 155 [mui] myry mn syvhu so pRB sRb suKdwqw ijqu syivAY inj Gir vsIAY ] m 4 170 [sevi] hm AhMkwrI AhMkwr AigAwn miq guir imilAY Awpu gvwieAw ] m 4 172 [mili]

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    nwim imilAY piq pweIAY nwim mMinAY suKu hoie ] m 3 233 [mili] [mani] The normal reading in all such cases is with long []. Even the most professional granthis follow this rhythm, especially in Akhand Path. The diphthong [i] follows the phonological pattern of the language of the sixteenth century. i/e ij siqguru syvin sy aubry hir syqI ilv lwie ] m 3 65 [ji] jy hir hir kIcY bhuqu locIAY ikrqu n myitAw jwie ] m 3 65 [je] haumY krm kmwvdy jmfMfu lgY iqn Awie ] ij siqguru syvin sy aubry hir syqI ilv lwie ] 1 ] mn ry gurmuiK nwmu iDAwie ] Duir pUrib krqY iliKAw iqnw gurmiq nwim smwie ] 1 ] rhwau ] ivxu siqgur prqIiq n AwveI nwim n lwgo Bwau ] supnY suKu n pwveI duK mih svY smwie ] 2 ] jy hir hir kIcY bhuqu locIAY ikrqu n myitAw jwie ] m 3 65

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    jy jug cwry Awrjw hor dsUxI hoie ] nvw KMfw ivic jwxIAY nwil clY sBu koie ] cMgw nwau rKwie kY jsu kIriq jig lyie ] jy iqsu ndir n AwveI q vwq n puCY ky ] kItw AMdir kItu kir dosI dosu Dry ] nwnk inrguix guxu kry guxvMiqAw guxu dy ] qyhw koie n suJeI ij iqsu guxu koie kry ] m 1 1 ijh pRswid CqIh AMimRq Kwih ] m 5 269 [jih] ijh pRswid CqIh AMimRq Kwih ] iqsu Twkur kau rKu mn mwih ] ijh pRswid sugMDq qin lwvih ] iqs kau ismrq prm giq pwvih ] ijh pRswid bsih suK mMdir ] iqsih iDAwie sdw mn AMdir ] ijh pRswid igRh sMig suK bsnw ] AwT phr ismrhu iqsu rsnw ] ijh pRswid rMg rs Bog ] nwnk sdw iDAweIAY iDAwvn jog ] m 5 269 jo hir kMiq imlweIAw is ivCuiV kqih n jwie ] m 5 135 [si] ijMn@I cwiKAw pRym rsu sy iqRpiq rhy AwGwie ] m 5 135 [se] ijMn@I cwiKAw pRym rsu sy iqRpiq rhy AwGwie ] Awpu iqAwig ibnqI krih lyhu pRBU liV lwie ] jo hir kMiq imlweIAw is ivCuiV kqih n jwie ] pRB ivxu dUjw ko nhI nwnk hir srxwie ] AsU suKI vsMdIAw ijnw mieAw hir rwie ] 8 ] m 5 135 pRB kau ismrih is bymuhqwjy ] m 5 263 [si]

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    pRB kau ismrih sy suKvwsI ] m 5 263 [se] pRB kau ismrih sy DnvMqy ] pRB kau ismrih sy piqvMqy ] pRB kau ismrih sy jn prvwn ] pRB kau ismrih sy purK pRDwn ] pRB kau ismrih is bymuhqwjy ] pRB kau ismrih is srb ky rwjy ] m 5 263 keI koit hoey pUjwrI ] m 5 275 [hoe] psirE Awip hoie Anq qrMg ] m 5 275 [hoi]

    keI koit pMKI srp aupwey ] keI koit pwQr ibrK inpjwey ] m 5

    275 [upe] [nipje]

    jw iqsu BwvY qw isRsit aupwey ] AwpnY BwxY ley smwey ] qum qy iBMn nhI ikCu hoie ] Awpn sUiq sBu jgqu proie ] jw kau pRB jIau Awip buJwey ] scu nwmu soeI jnu pwey ] so smdrsI qq kw byqw ] nwnk sgl isRsit kw jyqw ] 1 ] jIA jMqR sB qw kY hwQ ] dIn dieAwl AnwQ ko nwQu ] ijsu rwKY iqsu koie n mwrY ] so mUAw ijsu

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    mnhu ibswrY ] iqsu qij Avr khw ko jwie ] sB isir eyku inrMjn rwie ] m 5 292 [upe] [same] [hoi] [paroi] [buje] [pe] [koi] [ji] [ri]

    kir ikrpw ijsu AwpnY nwim lwey ] nwnk cauQy pd mih so jnu giq pwey ] 5 ] rUpu siq jw kw siq AsQwnu ] purKu siq kyvl prDwnu ] krqUiq siq siq jw kI bwxI ] siq purK sB mwih smwxI ] siq krmu jw kI rcnw siq ] mUlu siq siq auqpiq ] siq krxI inrml inrmlI ] ijsih buJwey iqsih sB BlI ] siq nwmu pRB kw suKdweI ] ibswsu siq nwnk gur qy pweI ] 6 ] siq bcn swDU aupdys ] siq qy jn jw kY irdY pRvys ] siq inriq bUJY jy koie ] nwmu jpq qw kI giq hoie ] m 5 284 [le] [pe] [buje] [koi] [hoi]

    su sbd kw khw vwsu kQIAly ijqu qrIAY Bvjlu sMswro ] qRY sq AMgul vweI khIAY iqsu khu kvn ADwro ] bolY KylY AsiQru hovY ikau kir AlKu lKwey ] suix suAwmI scu nwnku pRxvY Apxy mn smJwey ] gurmuiK sbdy sic ilv lwgY kir ndrI myil imlwey ] Awpy dwnw Awpy bInw pUrY Bwig smwey ] 58 ] su sbd kau inrMqir vwsu AlKM jh dyKw qh soeI ] pvn kw vwsw suMn invwsw Akl klw Dr soeI ] ndir kry sbdu Gt mih vsY ivchu Brmu gvwey ] qnu mnu inrmlu inrml bwxI nwmuo mMin vswey ] m 1 944 [lakhe] [samje] [mile] [same] [gave] [vase]

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    ijs dY AMdir scu hY so scw nwmu muiK scu Alwey ] Ehu hir mwrig Awip cldw hornw no hir mwrig pwey ] jy AgY qIrQu hoie qw mlu lhY CpiV nwqY sgvI mlu lwey ] qIrQu pUrw siqgurU jo Anidnu hir hir nwmu iDAwey ] Ehu Awip Cutw kutMb isau dy hir hir nwmu sB isRsit Cfwey ] jn nwnk iqsu bilhwrxY jo Awip jpY Avrw nwmu jpwey ] m 4 140 [ale] [pe] [le] [tie] [hae] [jape] kwjI hoie kY bhY inAwie ] Pyry qsbI kry Kudwie ] vfI lY kY hku gvwey ] jy ko puCY qw piV suxwey ] m 1 951 [nii] [khudi] [gave] [sue] BY ric rhY n bwhir jwie ] kImiq kaux rhY ilv lwie ] 5 ] Awpy myly Brmu cukwey ] gur prswid prm pdu pwey ] m 1 223 [ji] [li] [uke] [pe] Awpy Awpu aupwie pqInw ] m 1 1020 [upi] Awip aupwey Awip Kpwey ] m 1 1020 [upe] Awip aupwey Awip Kpwey ] Awpy isir isir DMDY lwey ] Awpy vIcwrI guxkwrI Awpy mwrig lweI hy ] 2 ] Awpy dwnw Awpy bInw ] Awpy Awpu aupwie pqInw ] m 1 1020 [upe] [khape] [le] [upi]

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    nwnku nIcu khY ilv lwie ] m 1 223 [li] gurmuiK bUJY eyk ilv lwey ] m 1 223 [le] gurmuiK bUJY eyk ilv lwey ] inj Gir vwsY swic smwey ] jMmxu mrxw Twik rhwey ] pUrY gur qy ieh miq pwey ] 1 ] kQnI kQau n AwvY Eru ] guru puiC dyiKAw nwhI dru horu ] duKu suKu BwxY iqsY rjwie ] nwnku nIcu khY ilv lwie ] m 1 222 [le] [same] [rahe] [pe] [raji] [li] gurmuiK dIsY shij suBwie ] m 1 222 [subi] dUjw Brmu shij suBwey ] m 1 222 [sube] gurmuiK dIsY shij suBwie ] syvw suriq eyk ilv lwie ] 2 ] suKu mWgq duKu Awgl hoie ] sgl ivkwrI hwru proie ] eyk ibnw JUTy mukiq n hoie ] kir kir krqw dyKY soie ] 3 ] iqRsnw Agin sbid buJwey ] dUjw Brmu shij suBwey ] gurmqI nwmu irdY vswey ] swcI bwxI hir gux gwey ] m 1 222 [subi] [li] [hoi] [paroi] [hoi] [soi] [buje] [sube]

    [vase] [ge]

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH INTRODUCTION

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    nwnk nwmu imlY gux gwie ] m 1 224 [gi]

    swcI bwxI hir gux gwey ] m 1 222 [ge]

    hm Gir swjn Awey ] swcY myil imlwey ] shij imlwey hir min Bwey pMc imly suKu pwieAw ] sweI vsqu prwpiq hoeI ijsu syqI mnu lwieAw ] Anidnu mylu BieAw mnu mwinAw Gr mMdr sohwey ] pMc sbd Duin Anhd vwjy hm Gir swjn Awey ] m 1 764 [e] [mile] [mile] [sohe] [e]

    scu Kylu qum@wrw Agm Apwrw quDu ibnu kauxu buJwey ] isD swiDk isAwxy kyqy quJ ibnu kvxu khwey ] kwlu ibkwlu Bey dyvwny mnu rwiKAw guir Twey ] nwnk Avgx sbid jlwey gux sMgim pRBu pwey ] m 1 764 [buje] [kahe] [he] [jale] [pe]

    qyrI Aink qyrI Aink krih hir pUjw jI qpu qwpih jpih byAMqw ] m 4 11 [anik] [anik] qyry Anyk qyry Anyk pVih bhu isimRiq swsq jI kir ikirAw Ktu krm krMqw ] m 4 11 [anek] [anek]

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH INTRODUCTION

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    ismrq sws igrws pUrn ibsuAws ikau mnhu ibswrIAY jIau ] m 5 80 [bisr] ikau mnhu byswrIAY inmK nhI twrIAY guxvMq pRwn hmwry ] m 5 80 [besr] qyry bcn AnUp Apwr sMqn AwDwr bwxI bIcwrIAY jIau ] ismrq sws igrws pUrn ibsuAws ikau mnhu ibswrIAY jIau ] ikau mnhu byswrIAY inmK nhI twrIAY guxvMq pRwn hmwry ] mn bWCq Pl dyq hY suAwmI jIA kI ibrQw swry ] m 5 80 pUrY Bwig siqguru pwieAw sbdy myil imlwvixAw ] m 3 122 [milwai] nwnk nwmu vsY mn AMqir gur sbdI hir mylwvixAw ] m 3 122 [melwai] pUrY Bwig siqguru pwieAw sbdy myil imlwvixAw ] 5 ] qUM dieAwlu sdw suKdwqw ] qUM Awpy myilih gurmuiK jwqw ] qUM Awpy dyvih nwmu vfweI nwim rqy suKu pwvixAw ] 6 ] sdw sdw swcy quDu swlwhI ] gurmuiK jwqw dUjw ko nwhI ] eyksu isau mnu rihAw smwey min mMinAY mnih imlwvixAw ] 7 ] gurmuiK hovY so swlwhy ] swcy Twkur vyprvwhy ] nwnk nwmu vsY mn AMqir gur sbdI hir mylwvixAw ] m 3 122

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH INTRODUCTION

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    nwnk kI bynqIAw kir ikrpw dIjY nwmu ] m 5 133 [benat] nwnk kI bynqI pRB pih ikpw kir Bvjlu qwrIAY ] m 5 80 [benat] Awpu iqAwig ibnqI krih lyhu pRBU liV lwie ] m 5 135 [bint] krau ibn qI mwnu iqAwgau ] m 5 99 [binant] mn mUrK kwhy ibllweIAY ] purb ilKy kw iliKAw pweIAY ] dUK sUK pRB dyvnhwru ] Avr iqAwig qU iqsih icqwru ] jo kCu krY soeI suKu mwnu ] BUlw kwhy iPrih Ajwn ] kaun bsqu AweI qyrY sMg ] lpit rihE ris loBI pqMg ] rwm nwm jip ihrdy mwih ] nwnk piq syqI Gir jwih ] m 5 283 [khe] [khe] [mhi] [jhi] e/ jo ikCu kry su Awpy AwpY ] buiD isAwxp ikCU n jwpY ] m 5 107 [pe] [p]

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH INTRODUCTION

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    jIA jMq ky Twkurw Awpy vrqxhwr ] nwnk eyko psirAw dUjw kh idRstwr ] 1 ] AstpdI ] Awip kQY Awip sunnYhwru ] Awpih eyku Awip ibsQwru ] m 5 292 [pe] [ph]

    qyry Bwxy ivic AMimRqu vsY qUM BwxY AMimRqu pIAwvixAw ] m 3 119 [pe] [p] jnm jnm ky iklivK gey ] m 5 278 [ke] gur kY bcin rcY rwm kY rMig ] m 5 177 [k] hir ky crn ihrdY bswvY ] m 5 274 [ke] ausu pMifq kY aupdyis jgu jIvY ] m 5 274 [k] mn myry siqgur isau icqu lwie ] m 3 69 [mere] mwieAw mohu myrY pRiB kInw Awpy Brim Bulwey ] m 3 67 [mer] hir jn sMq imlhu myry BweI ] m 4 95 [mere] hir hir kQw myrY min BwxI ] m 4 95 [mer] hir jn sMq imlhu myry BweI ] myrw hir pRBu dshu mY BuK lgweI ] myrI srDw pUir jgjIvn dwqy imil hir drsin mnu BIjY jIau ] 1 ]

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    imil sqsMig bolI hir bwxI ] hir hir kQw myrY min BwxI ] hir hir AMimRqu hir min BwvY imil siqgur AMimRqu pIjY jIau ] m 4 95 Awpy bKis imlwieAnu pUry gur krqwir ] m 3 68 [pre] pUrY sbid slwhIAY ijs dw AMqu n pwrwvwru ] m 3 68 [pr] ibnu shjY sBu AMDu hY mwieAw mohu gubwru ] shjy hI soJI peI scY sbid Apwir ] Awpy bKis imlwieAnu pUry gur krqwir ] 8 ] shjy Aidstu pCwxIAY inrBau joiq inrMkwru ] sBnw jIAw kw ieku dwqw joqI joiq imlwvxhwru ] pUrY sbid slwhIAY ijs dw AMqu n pwrwvwru ] m 3 68 shjy gwivAw Qwie pvY ibnu shjY kQnI bwid ] m 3 68 [shje] [shj] BweI ry gur ibnu shju n hoie ] sbdY hI qy shju aUpjY hir pwieAw scu soie ] 1 ] rhwau ] shjy gwivAw Qwie pvY ibnu shjY kQnI bwid ] shjy hI Bgiq aUpjY shij ipAwir bYrwig ] shjY hI qy suK swiq hoie ibnu shjY jIvxu bwid ] 2 ] m 3 68 pRIqm crxI jo lgy iqn kI inrml soie ] m 5 133 [lage] vYswKu suhwvw qW lgY jw sMqu BytY hir soie ] m 5 134 [lag]

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH INTRODUCTION

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    ibnu sbdY jgu duKIAw iPrY mnmuKw no geI Kwie ] sbdy nwmu iDAweIAY sbdy sic smwie ] m 3 67 [sabd] [sabde] scY sbid piq aUpjY scy scw nwau ] m 3 69 [sa] [sae] iqRpiq AGwie rhy ird AMqir foln qy Ab cUky ] m 5 215 [rahe] pUrY sbid sB soJI hoeI hir nwmY rhY smwie ] m 3 69 [rah] pRB Apny isau rhih smwie ] m 5 286 [apne] pRiB ApnY jn kInI dwiq ] m 5 286 [apn] swDsMig jwny prmwndw ] m 5 271 [jne] Awpy jwnY swD bfweI ] m 5 271 [jn]

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH INTRODUCTION

    27

    e/i/ eh/v keI koit hoey pUjwrI ] m 5 275 [hoe] psirE Awip hoie Anq qrMg ] m 5 275 [hoi]

    shs isAwxpw lK hoih q iek n clY nwil ] m 1 1 [hohi]

    gwvY ko qwxu hovY iksY qwxu ] m 1 1 [hov]

    AwpnY BwxY ley smwey ] m 5 292 [same]

    pRB Apny isau rhih smwie ] m 5 286 [sami]

    gur sbdu mwrxu mn mwih smwih ] m 3 160 [samhi] gur sbid smwvY bUJY hir soeI ] m 3 160 [samv] scu nwmu soeI jnu pwey ] m 5 296 [pe]

    min bMCq nwnk Pl pwie ] m 5 288 [pi]

    qyry gux Anyk kImiq nh pwih ] m 3 160 [phi]

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH INTRODUCTION

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    nwmu AauKDu soeI jnu pwvY ] m 5 179 [pv] ibnu hir Bgiq khw iQiq pwvih ] m 5 254 [pvh] /h ijn kY rwmu vsY mn mwih ] iqQY Bgq vsih ky loA ] m 1 8 [vas] [vash] jw quDu Bwvih qw krih ibBUqw isM|I nwdu vjwvih ] jw quDu BwvY qw pVih kqybw mulw syK khwvih ] jw quDu BwvY qw hovih rwjy rs ks bhuqu kmwvih ] jw quDu BwvY qyg vgwvih isr muMfI kit jwvih ] jw quDu BwvY jwih idsMqir suix glw Gir Awvih ] jw quDu BwvY nwie rcwvih quDu Bwxy qUM Bwvih ] nwnku eyk khY bynqI hoir sgly kUVu kmwvih ] m 1 145 [pvh] [wajvh] [pv] [pah] [kahvh] [pv] [hovh] [kamvh] [pw] [vagvh] [jwh] [pv] [vh] [pv] [ravh] [pvh] [kamvh]

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH INTRODUCTION

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    pMc cyly vis kIjih rwvl iehu mnu kIjY fMfwqw ] m 1 155 [kjh] [kj] gwvih quhno pauxu pwxI bYsMqru gwvY rwjw Drmu duAwry ] m 1 6 [gvh] [gv] crxI lwgY qw mhlu pwvY ] m 3 231 [pv] ibnu hir Bgiq khw iQiq pwvih ] m 5 254 [pvh] so ikau ivsrY sB mwih smwnw ] m 3 159 [visr] qUM ivsrih qid hI mir jwau ] m 3 159 [visrh] sMq pRswid jpY hir nwau ] m 5 183 [jap] Anidnu jpih hir swrMgpwxI ] m 3 162 [japh] ibnu sbdY jgu duKIAw iPrY mnmuKw no geI Kwie ] m 3 67 [phir] mwieAw BUly isD iPrih smwiD n lgY suBwie ] m 3 67 [phirh] bhuqu isAwxp jm kw Bau ibAwpY ] m 5 266 [bip] moih ibAwpih mwieAw jwil ] m 5 266 [biph]

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH INTRODUCTION

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    AYsy doK mUV AMD ibAwpy ] m 5 267 [bipe] pRBu byAMqu ikCu AMqu nwih sBu iqsY krxw ] Agm Agocru swihbo jIAW kw prxw ] hsq dyie pRiqpwldw Brx poKxu krxw ] imhrvwnu bKisMdu Awip jip scy qrxw ] jo quDu BwvY so Blw nwnk dws srxw ] 20 ] slok m 5 ] iqMnw BuK n kw rhI ijs dw pRB hY soie ] nwnk crxI ligAw auDrY sBo koie ] 1 ] m 5 ] jwicku mMgY inq nwmu swihbu kry kbUlu ] nwnk prmysru jjmwnu iqsih BuK n mUil ] 2 ] m 5 323 [tis] [tish] sMjogu ivjogu duie kwr clwvih lyKy Awvih Bwg ] Awdysu iqsY Awdysu ] Awid AnIlu Anwid Anwhiq jugu jugu eyko vysu ] 29 ] eykw mweI jugiq ivAweI iqin cyly prvwxu ] ieku sMswrI ieku BMfwrI ieku lwey dIbwxu ] ijv iqsu BwvY iqvY clwvY ijv hovY Purmwxu ] Ehu vyKY Enw ndir n AwvY bhuqw eyhu ivfwxu ] Awdysu iqsY Awdysu ] Awid AnIlu Anwid Anwhiq jugu jugu eyko vysu ] 30 ] Awsxu loie loie BMfwr ] jo ikCu pwieAw su eykw vwr ] kir kir vyKY isrjxhwru ] nwnk scy kI swcI kwr ] Awdysu iqsY Awdysu ] Awid AnIlu Anwid Anwhiq jugu jugu eyko vysu ] 31 ] iek dU jIBO lK hoih lK hovih lK vIs ] m 1 8 [alvh] [vh] [alv] [hov] [v] [hohi] [hoveh]

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH INTRODUCTION

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    kyqy brmy GwViq GVIAih rUp rMg ky vys ] kyqIAw krm BUmI myr kyqy kyqy DU aupdys ] kyqy ieMd cMd sUr kyqy kyqy mMfl dys ] kyqy isD buD nwQ kyqy kyqy dyvI vys ] kyqy dyv dwnv muin kyqy kyqy rqn smuMd ] kyqIAw KwxI kyqIAw bwxI kyqy pwq nirMd ] kyqIAw surqI syvk kyqy nwnk AMqu n AMqu ] 35 ] igAwn KMf mih igAwnu prcMfu ] iqQY nwd ibnod kof Andu ] srm KMf kI bwxI rUpu ] iqQY GwViq GVIAY bhuqu AnUpu ] qw kIAw glw kQIAw nw jwih ] jy ko khY ipCY pCuqwie ] iqQY GVIAY suriq miq min buiD ] iqQY GVIAY surw isDw kI suiD ] 36 ] m 1 7-8 [kh] [k] [k] /h lK caurwsI irjku Awip ApVwey ] m 3 112 [aurs] lK caurwsIh qrsdy iPry ibnu gur Byty pIrY ] m 3 38 [aursh]

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH INTRODUCTION

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    e/ ei echo of the final syllable, tone tail, the move from one syllable to two syllables jy dir mWgqu kUk kry mhlI Ksmu suxy ] BwvY DIrk BwvY Dky eyk vfweI dyie ] 1 ] jwxhu joiq n pUChu jwqI AwgY jwiq n hy ] 1 ] rhwau ] Awip krwey Awip kryie ] Awip aulwm@y iciq Dryie ] jw qUM krxhwru krqwru ] ikAw muhqwjI ikAw sMswru ] 2 ] Awip aupwey Awpy dyie ] Awpy durmiq mnih kryie ] gur prswid vsY min Awie ] duKu An@yrw ivchu jwie ] 3 ] swcu ipAwrw Awip kryie ] AvrI kau swcu n dyie ] jy iksY dyie vKwxY nwnku AwgY pUC n lyie ] m 1 349 [dei] [karei] [trei] [dei] [karei] [karei] [dei]

    [lei]

    hir vxju krwvY dy rwis ry ] m 4 165 [de] one syllable nwnk soBw suriq dyie pRBu Awpy gurmuiK dy vifAweI ] m 4 65 [dei] two syllables swDsMig Drm rwie kry syvw ] m 5 271 [kare] two syllables

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH INTRODUCTION

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    nwnk ijn pRBu Awip kryie ] m 5 272 [kare'i] three syllables nwnk qw kI Bgiq kryh ] m 5 270 [kareh] Aink Bog ibiKAw ky krY ] m 5 279 [kar] BY Bwie Bgiq krih idnu rwqI hir jIau vyKY sdw hdUir ] m 3 34 [karh] Awid gurey nmh ] jugwid gurey nmh ] siqgurey nmh ] sRI gurdyvey nmh ] m 5 262 [gur'e] [gur'e] [satgur'e] [gurdev'e] Dn QIeI dubil kMq hwvY kyv nYxI dyKey ] sIgwr imT rs Bog Bojn sBu JUTu ikqY n lyKey ] mY mq jobin grib gwlI duDw QxI n Awvey ] m 1 242 [dekhe] [lekhe] [ve] krx kwrx smrQ sRIDr Awip kwrju swrey ] nwnk ndrI Dn sohwgix sbdu AB swDwrey ] 3 ] hm Gir swcw soihlVw pRB AwieAVy mIqw rwm ] rwvy rMig rwqiVAw mnu lIAVw dIqw rwm ] Awpxw mnu dIAw hir vru lIAw ijau BwvY iqau rwvey ] qnu mnu ipr AwgY sbid sBwgY Gir AMimRq Plu pwvey ] m 1 435 [sre] [sdre] [rve] [pve]

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH INTRODUCTION

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    rwKnhwr riK lyie indwn ] m 5 183 [le'i] nwnk ibrQw koie n hyie ] m 5 185 [he'i] clqw qumwry dyiK mohI audws Dn ikau DIrey ] [tr'e] guxvMq nwh dieAwlu bwlw srb gux BrpUrey ] m 5 247 [prpr'e] Ehu ibKeI Esu rwm ko rMgu ] m 5 198 [bikh'] hir pwieAVw vfBwgIeI myry goivMdw inq lY lwhw min hsu jIau ] m 4 173 [vapg] gur kw bcnu jIA kY sMig ] m 4 177 [j'a] surg pieAwl imrq BUA mMfl srb smwno eykY EhI ] m 5 207 [p'a] qw qUM suiK soau hoie AicMqw ] m 5 176 [so'u] Bgqn kI ryxu hoie mnu myrw hohu pRBU ikrpwlw ] m 5 207 [ho'hu]

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    u/ min srb suK vuTy goivd quTy jnm mrxw siB imit gey ] m 5 81 [sukh] srbso sUK Awnd Gn ipAwry hir rqnu mn AMqir sIvqy ] m 5 81 [skh] srbso sUK Awnd Gn ipAwry hir rqnu mn AMqir sIvqy ] ieku iqlu nhI ivsrY pRwn AwDwrw jip jip nwnk jIvqy ] 3 ] fKxw ] jo qau kIny Awpxy iqnw kUM imilEih ] Awpy hI Awip moihEhu jsu nwnk Awip suixEih ] 1 ] CMqu ] pRym TgaurI pwie rIJwie goibMd mnu moihAw jIau ] sMqn kY prswid AgwiD kMTy lig soihAw jIau ] hir kMiT lig soihAw doK siB joihAw Bgiq lKx kir vis Bey ] min srb suK vuTy goivd quTy jnm mrxw siB imit gey ] m 5 81 nwmu hir aupjY jw siqguru imlY suBwey ] m 3 68 [upj] sbdY hI qy shju aUpjY hir pwieAw scu soie m 3 68 [pj]

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    nwmu hir aupjY jw siqguru imlY suBwey ] mnu qnu ArpI Awpu gvweI clw siqgur Bwey ] sd bilhwrI gur Apuny ivthu ij hir syqI icqu lwey ] 7 ] so bRwhmxu bRhmu jo ibMdy hir syqI rMig rwqw ] pRBu inkit vsY sBnw Gt AMqir gurmuiK ivrlY jwqw ] nwnk nwmu imlY vifAweI gur kY sbid pCwqw ] 8 ] 5 ] 22 ] isrIrwgu mhlw 3 ] shjY no sB locdI ibnu gur pwieAw n jwie ] piV piV pMifq joqkI Qky ByKI Brim Bulwey ] gur Byty shju pwieAw AwpxI ikrpw kry rjwie ] 1 ] BweI ry gur ibnu shju n hoie ] sbdY hI qy shju aUpjY hir pwieAw scu soie ] 1 ] rhwau ] shjy gwivAw Qwie pvY ibnu shjY kQnI bwid ] shjy hI Bgiq aUpjY shij ipAwir bYrwig ] shjY hI qy suK swiq hoie ibnu shjY jIvxu bwid ] 2 ] m 3 68 u/o jo AwieAw so clsI Amru su guru krqwru ] m 1 63 [so] [su] jo iesu mwry so vfBwgw ] jo iesu mwry su Anidnu jwgw ] m 5 238 [so] [su] Awip jpwey jpY so nwau ] Awip gwvwey su hir gun gwau ] m 5 270 [so] [su]

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH INTRODUCTION

    37

    so AYsw hir nwmu jpIAY mn myry jo AMqI Aausir ley Cfwey ] [so] [jo] so AYsw hir nwmu jpIAY mn myry ju mn kI iqRsnw sB BuK gvwey ] m 5 89 [so] [ju] pRgty gupwl mhWq kY mwQy ] m 5 295 [gupl] gopwl dwmodr dIn dieAwl ] m 5 295 [gopl] sdw suhwgix jw siqguru syvy gur kY AMik smweIAY ] gur sbdY mylw qw ipru rwvI lwhw nwmu sMswry ] nwnk kwmix nwh ipAwrI jw hir ky gux swry ] 1 ] sw Dn rMgu mwxy jIau Awpxy nwil ipAwry ] Aihinis rMig rwqI jIau gur sbdu vIcwry ] gur sbdu vIcwry haumY mwry ien ibiD imlhu ipAwry ] sw Dn sohwgix sdw rMig rwqI swcY nwim ipAwry ] Apuny gur imil rhIAY AMimRqu ghIAY duibDw mwir invwry ] nwnk kwmix hir vru pwieAw sgly dUK ivswry ] 2 ] kwmix iprhu BulI jIau mwieAw moih ipAwry ] JUTI JUiT lgI jIau kUiV muTI kUiVAwry ] kUVu invwry gurmiq swry jUAY jnmu n hwry ] gur sbdu syvy sic smwvY ivchu haumY mwry ] hir kw nwmu irdY vswey AYsw kry sIgwro ] nwnk kwmix shij smwxI ijsu swcw nwmu ADwro ] 3 ] imlu myry pRIqmw jIau quDu ibnu KrI inmwxI ] mY nYxI nId n AwvY jIau BwvY AMnu n pwxI ] pwxI AMnu n BwvY mrIAY hwvY ibnu ipr ikau suKu pweIAY ] gur AwgY krau ibn qI jy gur BwvY ijau imlY iqvY imlweIAY

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    ] Awpy myil ley suKdwqw Awip imilAw Gir Awey ] nwnk kwmix sdw suhwgix nw ipru mrY n jwey ] 4 ] 2 ] gauVI mhlw 3 ] kwmix hir ris byDI jIau hir kY shij suBwey ] mnu mohin moih lIAw jIau duibDw shij smwey ] duibDw shij smwey kwmix vru pwey gurmqI rMgu lwey ] iehu srIru kUiV kusiq BirAw gl qweI pwp kmwey ] gurmuiK Bgiq ijqu shj Duin aupjY ibnu BgqI mYlu n jwey ] nwnk kwmix iprih ipAwrI ivchu Awpu gvwey ] 1 ] kwmix ipru pwieAw jIau gur kY Bwie ipAwry ] rYix suiK suqI jIau AMqir auir Dwry ] AMqir auir Dwry imlIAY ipAwry Anidnu duKu invwry ] AMqir mhlu ipru rwvy kwmix gurmqI vIcwry ] AMimRqu nwmu pIAw idn rwqI duibDw mwir invwry ] nwnk sic imlI sohwgix gur kY hyiq Apwry ] m 5 244-245 [suhga] [sohga] [suhga] [sohga] hir pRBu myry bwbulw hir dyvhu dwnu mY dwjo ] m 4 78 [bbul] hir rwm rwm myry bwbolw ipr imil Dn vyl vDMdI ] m 4 78 [bbol] hir siq sqy myry bwbulw hir jn imil jM\ suhMdI ] pyvkVY hir jip suhylI ivic swhurVY KrI sohMdI ] m 4 78 [bbul] [suhad] [sohad]

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    hir siq siq myry bwbolw hir jn imil jM\ suohMdI ] m 4 78 [bbol] [so/uhad] vIAwhu hoAw myry bwbulw gurmuKy hir pwieAw ] AigAwnu AMDyrw kitAw gur igAwnu pRcMfu blwieAw ] bilAw gur igAwnu AMDyrw ibnisAw hir rqnu pdwrQu lwDw ] haumY rogu gieAw duKu lwQw Awpu AwpY gurmiq KwDw ] Akwl mUriq vru pwieAw AibnwsI nw kdy mrY n jwieAw ] vIAwhu hoAw myry bwbolw gurmuKy hir pwieAw ] 2 ] hir siq sqy myry bwbulw hir jn imil jM\ suhMdI ] pyvkVY hir jip suhylI ivic swhurVY KrI sohMdI ] swhurVY ivic KrI sohMdI ijin pyvkVY nwmu smwilAw ] sBu sPilE jnmu iqnw dw gurmuiK ijnw mnu ijix pwsw FwilAw ] hir sMq jnw imil kwrju soihAw vru pwieAw purKu AndI ] hir siq siq myry bwbolw hir jn imil jM\ suohMdI ] 3 ] hir pRBu myry bwbulw hir dyvhu 78 [bbul] [bbol] [bbul] [suhad] [sohad] [sohad]

    [bbol] [so/uhad] [bbul]

    u + o on the same consonant hir siq siq myry bwbolw hir jn imil jM\ suohMdI ] m 4 78 [so/uhad]

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    poKu souhMdw srb suK ijsu bKsy vyprvwhu ] m 5 135 [so/uhad] JUTw rudnu hoAw duoAwlY iKn mih BieAw prwieAw ] m 1 75 [do/ul] nwmw CIbw kbIru juolwhw pUry gur qy giq pweI ] m 3 67 [jo/ulh] pRgt Bey Awpih gouibMd nwnk sMq mqWq ] m 5 254 [go/ubd] tUtI gwFnhwr guopwl ] m 5 282 [go/upl] swDsMig imil Bjih guopwlw ] m 5 190 [go/upl] Ehu Gir Gir hMFY ijau rMn duohwgix Esu nwil muhu joVy Esu BI lCxu lwieAw ] m 4 303 [do/uhga] sweI suohwgix nwnkw jo BwxI krqwir rI ] m 5 400 [so/uhaga]

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    scu swihbu siqgurU kY vil hY qW JiK JiK mrY sB luokweI ] m 4 307 [lo/uk] shs qv nYn nn nYn hih qoih kau shs mUriq nnw eyk qouhI ] m 1 13 [to/uhi] rwju mwlu jMjwlu kwij n ikqY gnuo ] hir kIrqnu AwDwru inhclu eyhu Dnuo ] m 5 398 [gano/u] [tno/u] hir imly nrwiex nwnkw mwnorQuo pUrw ] m 5 454 [mnortho/u] srix pieAw nwnk suohylw ] m 5 383 [so/uhel] o//au/auh qU guxdwqO inrmlo BweI inrmlu nw mnu hoie ] m 1 636 [gudt nirmalo]

    kWKI eykY drs quhwro ] nwnk aun sMig moih auDwro ] m 5 262 [tuhro] [udro]

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    ismrau ismir ismir suKu pwvau ] kil klys qn mwih imtwvau ] m 5 262 [simrau] [pvau] [mivau] AwT phr ismrhu pRB nwmu ] m 5 184 [simrauh] nwmu Dnu nwmo rUpu rMgu ] nwmo suKu hir nwm kw sMgu ] nwm ris jo jn iqRpqwny ] mn qn nwmih nwim smwny ] aUTq bYTq sovq nwm ] khu nwnk jn kY sd kwm ] 6 ] pRB Apny kw hukmu pCwnY ] iqs kI mihmw kaun bKwnau ] iqs kw gunu kih eyk n jwnau ] m 5 286 [nmo] [nmo] [bakhnau] [jnau] ] jw kI joiq jIA prgws ] jw kI bKs n mytY koie ] ismir ismir pRBu inrBau hoie ] 2 ] AwT phr ismrhu pRB nwmu ] m 5 184 [simrauh] Consonant cluster with [ r ] mnu qnu ArpY ibsn prIiq ] m 5 274 [part] mn mih pRIiq inrMjn drs ] m 5 274 [prt]

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    kir ikrpw fubdw pQru lIjY ] m 5 103 [kirp] hir jIau ikpw krhu guru mylhu jn nwnk hir Dnu plY jIau ] m 4 94 [krip] ikrpw iniD ikrpwl iDAwvau ] m 5 183 [kirpl] swD ikpwl dieAwl goivMdu ] m 5 183 [kripl] krm Drm nym bRq pUjw ] m 5 199 [karam] mn bc km goivMd ADwru ] m 5 197 [kram] sgl ikAw mih aUqm ikirAw ] m 5 266 [kri] [kiri] ibrQw nwm ibnw qnu AMD ] muiK Awvq qw kY [birth] durgMD ] ibnu ismrn idnu rYin ibRQw ibhwie ] m 5 269 [brith] ijsu prswid nvY iniD pweI ] m 5 177 [parsd] ijsu pRswid mwieAw islk kwtI ] m 5 177 [prasd] pMc prvwx pMc prDwnu ] m 1 3 [parw] [pardn]

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    pRB kau ismrih sy jn prvwn ] pRB kau ismrih sy purK pRDwn ] m 5 263 [parvn] [pradn] iehu jgqu Brim BulwieAw ] m 1 72 [prm] ijin BRim Bulw mwrig pwieAw ] m 1 72 [prm] sqgur kY aupdyisAY ibnsy srb jMjwl ] m 5 48 [sarb] sRb sIgwr qMbol rs sxu dyhI sB Kwm ] m 5 133 [srab] There are four forms of pRwxI, the reader has to follow all these variations. AMqir lhir loBwnu prwnI so pRBu iciq n AwvY ] m 5 77 [parn] nwnk mukiq qwih qum mwnau ieh ibiD ko jo pRwnI ] m 9 220 [prn] gurmuiK nwmu smwil prwxI AMqy hoie sKweI ] m 5 77 [par] burw Blw n pCwxY pRwxI AwgY pMQu krwrw ] m 5 77 [pr]

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    burw Blw n pCwxY pRwxI AwgY pMQu krwrw ] pUrw siqguru kbhUM n syivAw isir TwFy jm jMdwrw ] Drm rwie jb pkris bvry qb ikAw jbwbu kryie ] khu nwnk dUjY phrY pRwxI Bir jobnu lhrI dyie ] 2 ] qIjY phrY rYix kY vxjwirAw imqRw ibKu sMcY AMDu AigAwnu ] puiqR kliqR moih lpitAw vxjwirAw imqRw AMqir lhir loBwnu ] AMqir lhir loBwnu prwnI so pRBu iciq n AwvY ] swDsMgiq isau sMgu n kIAw bhu jonI duKu pwvY ] isrjnhwru ivswirAw suAwmI iek inmK n lgo iDAwnu ] khu nwnk pRwxI qIjY phrY ibKu sMcy AMDu AigAwnu ] 3 ] cauQY phrY rYix kY vxjwirAw imqRw idnu nyVY AwieAw soie ] gurmuiK nwmu smwil qUM vxjwirAw imqRw qyrw drgh bylI hoie ] gurmuiK nwmu smwil prwxI Amqy m 5 77 Cluster with [ r ] and syllable division In the following examples the cluster with [ r ] is invariably simplified. Instead of [a'mrit], we have [am'rit]; instead of [du'krit], [su'krit], [sa'mrath], the usual rendering by even the most professional granthis is [duk'rit], [suk'rit], [sam'rath].

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    hir AMimRqu vuTVw imilAw hir rwieAw jIau ] m 4 173 [a'mrit] suixAY swsq isimRiq vyd ] m 1 2 [si'mrit] isMimRiq swsq pMifq muiK soeI ] m 1 154 [s'mrit] sMq supRsMn Awey vis pMcw ] m 5 189 [su'prasan] duikq suikq mMDy sMswru sglwxw ] m 5 51 [du'krit] [su'krit] suK ibsRwmu pwieAw gux gwie ] sRmu imitAw myrI hqI blwie ] m 5 189 [bisrm] [sram] muMdRw qy Gt BIqir muMdRw kWieAw kIjY iKMQwqw ] m 1 155 [mu'dr] rsu sMgRih ibKu prhir iqAwigAw ] m 1 221 [sa'grh] BRm kI jwlI qw kI kwtI jw kau swDsMgiq ibswsw ] m 5 208 [bi'sws] so sMmRQu inj piq hY dwqw ] kbIr 330 [sa'mrath]

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    The presence or absence of the marker of nasalisation, ipp, is a frequent variation that makes the correct articulation of the text an extremely difficult task. Before a nasal consonant, the marker of nasalisation is redundant, the marker here could be to note the intonational stress on the syllable to follow the rhythm of the musical composition. Dnu DMnu ipqw Dnu DMnu kulu Dnu Dnu su jnnI ijin gurU jixAw mwie ] m 4 310 [tn tan] [tn tan] [tn tn] DMnu DMnu gurU nwnk jn kyrw ijqu imilAY cUky siB sog sMqwpy ] m 4 167 [tan tan] DMnu Dnu syvw sPl siqgurU kI ijqu hir hir nwmu jip hir suKu pwieAw ] m 4 166 [tan tn] haumY rogu gieAw suKu pwieAw Dnu DMnu gurU hir rwieAw ] m 4 172 [tn tan] kir swDU AMjulI puMnu vfw hy ] kir fMfauq punu vfw hy ] m 4 171 [pun] [pun] nwnk eyko nwmu vrqY mn AMqir gur prswdI pwvixAw ] m 3 120 [man]

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    hau vwrI jIau vwrI rwm nwmu mMin vswvixAw ] m 3 120 [man] hau vwrI jIau vwrI goibMd gux gwvixAw ] [gobd] goibdu goibdu khY idn rwqI goibd gux sbid suxwvixAw ] m 3 121 [gobid] [gobid] [gobid] iciq icqvau crxwribMd aUD kvl ibgsWq ] pRgt Bey Awpih gouibMd nwnk sMq mqWq ] 1 ] pauVI ] ccw crn kml gur lwgw ] Din Din auAw idn sMjog sBwgw ] cwir kuMt dh idis BRim AwieE ] BeI ikpw qb drsnu pwieE ] cwr ibcwr ibnisE sB dUAw ] swDsMig mnu inrml hUAw ] icMq ibswrI eyk idRstyqw ] nwnk igAwn AMjnu ijh nyqRw ] 22 ] sloku ] CwqI sIql mnu suKI CMq goibd gun gwie ] AYsI ikrpw krhu pRB nwnk dws dswie ] m 5 254 [go/ubd] [gobid] goibdu gwieAw swD sMgwieAw BeI pUrn Awsw ] qij mwnu mohu ivkwr sgly pRBU kY min BweIAY ] ibnvMiq nwnk idnsu rYxI sdw hir hir iDAweIAY ] 3 ] dir vwjih Anhq vwjy rwm ] Git Git hir goibMdu gwjy rwm ] goivd gwjy sdw ibrwjy Agm Agocru aUcw ] m 5 578 [gobid] [gobd] [govid]

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    On page 173 we have goivMdw six times and goivdw three times. On page 174 goivMdw appears sixteen times and goivdw seven times. For even an approximately correct pronunciation, one has to read the text very slowly and very carefully. qnu bhuqu bYrwigAw myry goivMdw hir bwJhu Dn kumlYxI jIau ] sMq jnw imil pwieAw myry goivdw myrw hir pRBu sjxu sYxI jIau ] hir Awie imilAw jgjIvnu myry goivMdw mY suiK ivhwxI rYxI jIau ] 2 ] mY mylhu sMq myrw hir pRBu sjxu mY min qin BuK lgweIAw jIau ] hau rih n skau ibnu dyKy myry pRIqm mY AMqir ibrhu hir lweIAw jIau ] hir rwieAw myrw sjxu ipAwrw guru myly myrw mnu jIvweIAw jIau ] myrY min qin Awsw pUrIAw myry goivMdw hir imilAw min vwDweIAw jIau ] 3 ] vwrI myry goivMdw vwrI myry ipAwirAw hau quDu ivtiVAhu sd vwrI jIau ] myrY min qin pRymu iprMm kw myry goivdw hir pUMjI rwKu hmwrI jIau ] siqguru ivstu myil myry goivMdw hir myly kir rYbwrI jIau ] hir nwmu dieAw kir pwieAw myry goivMdw jn nwnku srix qumwrI jIau ] 4 ] 3 ] 29 ] 67 ] gauVI mwJ mhlw 4 ] cojI myry goivMdw cojI myry ipAwirAw hipRBu myrw cojI jIau ] hir Awpy kwn@ aupwiedw myry goivdw hir Awpy gopI KojI jIau ] hir Awpy sB Gt Bogdw myry goivMdw Awpy rsIAw BogI jIau ] hir sujwxu n BuleI myry goivMdw Awpy siqguru jogI jIau ] 1 ] Awpy jgqu aupwiedw myry goivdw hir Awip KylY bhu rMgI jIau ] ieknw Bog Bogwiedw myry goivMdw ieik ngn iPrih ng n gI jIau ] Awpy jgqu aupwiedw myry goivdw hir dwnu dyvY sB mMgI jIau ] Bgqw nwmu AwDwru hY myry goivMdw

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    hir kQw mMgih hir cMgI jIau ] 2 ] hir Awpy Bgiq krwiedw myry goivMdw hir Bgqw loc min pUrI jIau ] Awpy jil Qil vrqdw myry goivdw riv rihAw nhI dUrI jIau ] hir AMqir bwhir Awip hY myry goivdw hir Awip rihAw BrpUrI jIau ] hir Awqm rwmu pswirAw myry goivMdw hir vyKY Awip hdUrI jIau ] 3 ] hir AMqir vwjw pauxu hY myry goivMdw hir Awip vjwey iqau vwjY jIau ] hir AMqir nwmu inDwnu hY myry goivMdw gur sbdI hir pRBu gwjY jIau ] Awpy srix pvwiedw myry goivMdw hir Bgq jnw rwKu lwjY 174 One of the most frequent words, [anad], has similarly several forms, with or without nasalisation, with or without a long vowel. Awnd sUK Bytq hir nwnk jnmu ikqwrQu sPlu svyrw ] m 5204 [nad] sUK shj Awn d ibsRwm ] m 5 210 [nad] And ibnod coj qmwsy quDu BwvY so hoxw jIau ] m 5 100 [anad] bRhm igAwnI kY Gir sdw And ] m 5 273 [anad]

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    On pages 457 and 458 we have An d once, Awnd twice, and And thrice : qh pRgtwieAw ] pRiB Awip lIey smwie shij suBwie Bgq kwrj swirAw ] Awn d hir js mhw mMgl srb dUK ivswirAw ] cmqkwr pRgwsu dh ids eyku qh idRstwieAw ] nwnku pieAMpY crx jMpY Bgiq vClu hir ibrdu Awip bnwieAw ] 4 ] 3 ] 6 ] Awsw mhlw 5 ] iQru sMqn sohwgu mrY n jwvey ] jw kY igRih hir nwhu su sd hI rwvey ] AivnwsI Aivgqu so pRBu sdw nvqnu inrmlw ] nh dUir sdw hdUir Twkuru dh ids pUrnu sd sdw ] pRwnpiq giq miq jw qy ipRA pRIiq pRIqmu Bwvey ] nwnku vKwxY gur bcin jwxY iQru sMqn sohwgu mrY n jwvey ] 1 ] jw kau rwm Bqwru qw kY Andu Gxw ] suKvMqI sw nwir soBw pUir bxw ] mwxu mhqu kilAwxu hir jsu sMig surjnu so pRBU ] srb isiD nv iniD iqqu igRih nhI aUnw sBu kCU ] mDur bwnI iprih mwnI iQru sohwgu qw kw bxw ] nwnku vKwxY gur bcin jwxY jw ko rwmu Bqwru qw kY Andu Gxw ] 2 ] Awau sKI sMq pwis syvw lwgIAY ] pIsau crx pKwir Awpu iqAwgIAY ] qij Awpu imtY sMqwpu Awpu nh jwxweIAY ] srix ghIjY mwin lIjY kry so suKu pweIAY ] kir dws dwsI qij audwsI kr joiV idnu rYix jwgIAY ] nwnku vKwxY gur bcin jwxY Awau sKI sMq pwis syvw lwgIAY ] 3 ] jw kY msqik Bwg is syvw lwieAw ] qw kI pUrn Aws ijn@ swDsMgu pwieAw ] swDsMig hir kY rMig goibMd ismrx lwigAw ] Brmu mohu ivkwru dUjw sgl iqnih iqAwigAw ] min sWiq shju suBwau vUTw And mMgl gux gwieAw ] nwnku vKwxY gur bcin jwxY jw kY msqik Bwg is syvw lwieAw

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    ] 4 ] 4 ] 7 ] Awsw mhlw 5 ] sloku ] hir hir nwmu jpMiqAw kCu n khY jmkwlu ] nwnk mnu qnu suKI hoie AMqy imlY gopwlu ] 1 ] CMq ] imlau sMqn kY sMig moih auDwir lyhu ] ibnau krau kr joiV hir hir nwmu dyhu ] hir nwmu mwgau crx lwgau mwnu iqAwgau qum@ dieAw ] kqhUM n Dwvau srix pwvau kruxw mY pRB kir mieAw ] smrQ AgQ Apwr inrml suxhu suAwmI ibnau eyhu ] kr joiV nwnk dwnu mwgY jnm mrx invwir lyhu ] 1 ] AprwDI miqhInu inrgunu AnwQu nIcu ] sT kToru kulhInu ibAwpq moh kIcu ] ml Brm krm AhM mmqw mrxu cIiq n Awvey ] binqw ibnod And mwieAw AigAwnqw lptwvey ] iKsY jobnu bDY jrUAw idn inhwry sMig mIcu ] ibnvMiq nwnk Aws qyrI srix swDU rwKu nIcu ] 2 ] Brmy jnm Anyk sMkt mhw jon ] lpit rihE iqh sMig mITy Bog son ] BRmq Bwr Agnq AwieE bhu pRdysh DwieE ] Ab Et DwrI pRB murwrI srb suK hir nwieE ] rwKnhwry pRB ipAwry muJ qy kCU n hoAw hon ] sUK shj Awn d nwnk ikpw qyrI qrY Baun ] 3 ] nwm DwrIk auDwry Bgqh sMsw kaun ] jyn kyn prkwry hir hir jsu sunhu sRvn ] suin sRvn bwnI

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    v/b min srb suK vuTy goivd quTy jnm mrxw siB imit gey ] m 5 81 [govid] pRym TgaurI pwie rIJwie goibMd mnu moihAw jIau ] m 5 81 [gobd] dUqh dhnu BieAw goivMdu pRgtwieAw ] [govd] pRgty gupwl goibMd lwln swDsMig vKwixAw ] m 5 460 [gobd] AwpY no Awpu Kwie mnu inrmlu hovY gur sbdI vIcwru ] m 3 86 [vr] AYsw jogI jugiq bIcwrY ] m 1 223 [br] iklivK Avgx kwtxhwrw ] m 3 112 [kilvikh] jnm jnm ky iklibK jwvih ] m 5 104 [kilbikh]

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    vfBwgI imlu rwmw ] m 4 173 [vapg] inrml nwim lgy bfBwgI inrmlu nwim suhwvixAw ] m 3 121 [bapg] jo pRB kI hir kQw sunwvY Anidnu iPrau iqsu ipCY ivrwgI ] 1 ] [virg] pUrb krm AMkur jb pRgty ByitE purKu risk bYrwgI ] m 5 204 [brg] nwgin hovw Dr vsw sbdu vsY Bau jwie ] m 1 157 [vas] koikl hovw AMib bsw shij sbd bIcwru ] m 1 157 [bas] vYr ivroD imty iqh mn qy ] m 5 259 [vr vird] bYr ibroD kwm koD moh ] m 5 267 [br bird] ivxu mnY ij horI nwil luJxw jwsI jnmu gvwie ] m 3 87 [vin] Awqm dyau pUjIAY ibnu siqgur bUJ n pwie ] m 3 88 [bin]

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    pRB AivnwsI mn mih lyKu ] m 5 190 [avins] Ehu AibnwsI rwieAw ] m 5 206 [abins] ivsmwdu pauxu ivsmwdu pwxI ] ivsmwdu AgnI Kyfih ivfwxI ] m 1 464 [vismd] ibsmn ibsm Bey ibsmwd ] m 5 285 [bismd] It is interesting to note that throughout Sukhmani of Guru Arjun, [b] dominates : bYr ibroD kwm koD moh ] 267 [br bird] blUAw ky igRh BIqir bsY ] 267 [bal] eyk bsqu kwrin ibKoit gvwvY ] 268 [bast] Kwq pIq brqY And aulwis ] 268 [bart] imiQAw kwm koD ibkrwl ] 268 [bikrl] muiK qw ko jsu rsn bKwnY ] 270 [bakhn] pRBU dieAw qy kml ibgwsu ] 271 [bigs]

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    swD kI mihmw brnY kaunu pRwnI ] 271 [barn] Awpy jwnY swD bfweI ] 271 [ba] swD kY sMig mnohr bYn ] 271 [bn] pwrbRhmu swD ird bsY ] 272 [bas] swD kI mihmw byd n jwnih ] jyqw sunih qyqw biKAwnih ] 272 [bed] [bakhinh] bRhm igAwnI kw bf prqwp ] 273 [ba] bRhm igAwnI kw drsu bfBwgI pweIAY ] 273 [bapg] bRhm igAwnI pUrn purKu ibDwqw ] 273 [bidt] Awip krY Awpn bIcwrY ] 277 [br] kbhU inMd icMd ibauhwr ] 277 [biohr] kbhU hoie bhY bf rwjw ] 277 [ba] Git Git sunI sRvn bKwxI ] 279 [bakh]

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    sMq ky inMdk kau sdw ibjog ] 280 [bijog] nwnk ibGnu n lwgY koie ] 281 [bgan] Anidnu kIrqnu kyvl bKwnu ] 281 [bakhn] ijs no ikpw krih bfBwgY ] 282 [bapg] AibnwsI pRBu mn mih rwKu ] 282 [abins] sbdu siq siq pRBu bkqw ] 285 [bakt] isMimRiq swsq byd bIcwry ] 288 [bed bre] jnm jnm ky iklibK jwih ] 289 [kilbikh] hir rsu pwvY ibrlw koie ] 289 [birl] sMig shweI su AwvY n cIiq ] jo bYrweI qw isau pRIiq ] blUAw ky igRh BIqir bsY ] And kyl mwieAw rMig rsY ] idRVu kir mwnY mnih pRqIiq ] kwlu n AwvY mUVy cIiq ] bYr ibroD kwm koD moh ] JUT ibkwr mhw loB 267

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    swD kY sMig n ibrQw jwvY ] pwrbRhmu swD ird bsY ] nwnk auDrY swD suin rsY ] 6 ] swD kY sMig sunau hir nwau ] swDsMig hir ky gun gwau ] swD kY sMig n mn qy ibsrY ] swDsMig srpr insqrY ] swD kY sMig lgY pRBu mITw ] swDU kY sMig Git Git fITw ] swDsMig Bey AwigAwkwrI ] swDsMig giq BeI hmwrI ] swD kY sMig imty siB rog ] nwnk swD Byty sMjog ] 7 ] swD kI mihmw byd n jwnih ] jyqw sunih qyqw biKAwnih 272 nwnk bRhm igAwnI kw nhI ibnws ] 5 ] bRhm igAnI bRhm kw byqw ] bRhm igAwnI eyk sMig hyqw ] bRhm igAwnI kY hoie AicMq ] bRhm igAwnI kw inrml mMq ] bRhm igAwnI ijsu krY pRBu Awip ] bRhm igAwnI kw bf prqwp ] bRhm igAwnI kw drsu bfBwgI pweIAY 273 sMq kw inMdku rwj qy hInu ] sMq kw inMdku duKIAw Aru dInu ] sMq ky inMdk kau srb rog ] sMq ky inMdk kau sdw ibjog 280 nwnk ibGnu n lwgY koie ] 1 ] ausqiq mn mih kir inrMkwr ] kir mn myry siq ibauhwr 281 jnm jnm ky iklibK jwih ] Awip jphu Avrw nwmu jpwvhu ] sunq khq rhq giq pwvhu ] swr BUq siq hir ko nwau ] shij suBwie

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    nwnk gun gwau ] 6 ] gun gwvq qyrI auqris mYlu ] ibnis jwie haumY ibKu PYlu ] hoih AicMqu bsY suK nwil 289 pRB kI idRsit mhw suKu hoie ] hir rsu pwvY ibrlw koie ] ijn cwiKAw sy jn iqRpqwny ] pUrn purK nhI folwny ] suBr Bry pRym rs rMig ] aupjY cwau swD kY sMig ] pry srin Awn sB iqAwig ] AMqir pRgws Anidnu ilv lwig ] bfBwgI jipAw pRBu soie 289 Aink rwj Bog bifAweI ] hir ky nwm kI kQw min BweI ] bhu Bojn kwpr sMgIq ] rsnw jpqI hir hir nIq ] BlI su krnI soBw DnvMq ] ihrdY bsy pUrn gur mMq ] swDsMig pRB dyhu invws ] srb sUK nwnk prgws ] 8 ] 20 ] sloku ] srgun inrgun inrMkwr suMn smwDI Awip ] Awpn kIAw nwnkw Awpy hI iPir jwip ] 1 ] AstpdI ] jb Akwru iehu kCu n idRstyqw ] pwp puMn qb kh qy hoqw ] jb DwrI Awpn suMn smwiD ] qb bYr ibroD iksu sMig kmwiq ] jb ies kw brnu ichnu n jwpq ] qb hrK sog khu iksih ibAwp 290 It is also interesting to note that just a few pages later, from 317 to 323, the use of [v] in the compositions of Guru Arjun, is more frequent. Obviously, it is a case of two different linguistic registers.

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    vYru krin inrvYr nwil Drim inAwie pcMdy ] 317 [vr]

    gurisKW AMdir siqgurU vrqY jo isKW no locY so gur KusI AwvY ]

    317 [vart]

    ij ivxu siqgur ky mnu mMny kMmu krwey so jMqu mhw duKu pwvY ] 317

    [vi]

    qUM scw swihbu Aiq vfw quih jyvfu qUM vf vfy ] 317

    [va] [va vae]

    hir nwm vwpwrI nwnkw vfBwgI pwvau ] 318 [vapg]

    Bgiq vClu qyrw ibrdu hY juig juig vrqMdw ] 319

    [vahal] [vartad]

    dunIAw kIAw vifAweIAw nwnk siB kuimq ] 319 [vai]

    ibrh ivCoVw DxI isau nwnk shsY gMiT ] 319 [viho]

    ijnw swis igrwis n ivsrY hir nwmW min mMqu ] 319 [visr]

    nwnk nwie ivswirAY suKu iknyhw hoie ] 320 [visri]

    nwnk jin vIcwirAw mITw hir kw nwau ] 320 [vri]

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    Dohu n clI Ksm nwil lib moih ivguqy ] 321 [vigute]

    ijsu guru BytY nwnkw iqsu min visAw soie ] 321 [vasi]

    gwl@I ibAw ivkwr nwnk DxI ivhUxIAw ] 321

    [vikr] [vih]

    iklivK siB ibnwsu hoin ismrq goivMdu ] 321 [kilvikh]

    inhclu eyku sryivAw horu sB ivxwsu ] 321 [vins]

    swDsMgu ijn pwieAw syeI vfBwgy ] 322 [vapge]

    vycwry ikAw krih jW Bwg Duir mMdy ] jo mwry iqin pwrbRhim sy iksY n sMdy ] vYru krin inrvYr nwil Drim inAwie pcMdy ] jo jo sMiq srwipAw sy iPrih BvMdy ] pyfu muMFwhU kitAw iqsu fwl sukMdy ] 31 ] slok m 5 ] gur nwnk hir nwmu idRVwieAw BMnx GVx smrQu ] pRBu sdw smwlih imqR qU duKu sbwieAw lQu 317 gurisKW AMdir siqgurU vrqY jo isKW no locY so gur KusI AwvY ] siqgur AwKY su kwr kmwvin su jpu kmwvih gurisKW kI Gwl scw Qwie pwvY ] ivxu siqgur ky hukmY ij gurisKW pwshu kMmu krwieAw loVy iqsu gurisKu iPir nyiV n AwvY ] gur siqgur AgY ko jIau lwie GwlY iqsu AgY gurisKu kwr kmwvY ] ij TgI AwvY TgI auiT jwie iqsu nyVY gurisKu mUil n AwvY ] bRhmu bIcwru nwnku AwiK suxwvY ] ij

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    ivxu siqgur ky mnu mMny kMmu krwey so jMqu mhw duKu pwvY ] 2 ] pauVI ] qUM scw swihbu Aiq vfw quih jyvfu qUM vf vfy 317 igRhu Dnu sBu pivqR hoie hir ky gux gwvau ] hir nwm vwpwrI nwnkw vfBwgI pwvau ] 2 ] pauVI ] jo quDu BwvY so Blw scu qyrw Bwxw ] qU sB mih eyku vrqdw sB mwih smwxw 318 Gr mMdr KusIAw qhI jh qU Awvih iciq ] dunIAw kIAw vifAweIAw nwnk siB kuimq ] 2 ] pauVI ] hir Dnu scI rwis hY iknY ivrlY jwqw ] iqsY prwpiq Bwierhu ijsu dyie ibDwqw ] mn qn BIqir mauilAw hir rMig jnu rwqw ] swDsMig gux gwieAw siB doKh Kwqw ] nwnk soeI jIivAw ijin ieku pCwqw ] 6 ] slok m 5 ] KKVIAw suhwvIAw lgVIAw Ak kMiT ] ibrh ivCoVw DxI isau nwnk shsY gMiT ] 1 ] m 5 ] ivswrydy mir gey mir iB n skih mUil ] vymuK hoey rwm qy ijau qskr aupir sUil ] 2 ] pauVI ] suK inDwnu pRBu eyku hY AibnwsI suixAw ] jil Qil mhIAil pUirAw Git Git hir BixAw ] aUc nIc sB iek smwin kIt hsqI bixAw ] mIq sKw suq bMiDpo siB iqs dy jixAw ] quis nwnku dyvY ijsu nwmu iqin hir rMgu mixAw ] 7 ] slok m 5 ] ijnw swis igrwis n ivsrY hir nwmW min mMqu ] DMnu is syeI nwnkw pUrnu soeI sMqu ] 319

    soeI syivhu jIAVy dwqw bKisMdu ] iklivK siB ibnwsu hoin ismrq goivMdu ] hir mwrgu swDU disAw jpIAY gurmMqu ] mwieAw suAwd siB iPikAw hir min BwvMdu ] iDAwie nwnk prmysrY ijin idqI ijMdu

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    ] 14 ] slok m 5 ] vq lgI scy nwm kI jo bIjy so Kwie ] iqsih prwpiq nwnkw ijs no iliKAw Awie ] 1 ] m 5 ] mMgxw q scu ieku ijsu quis dyvY Awip ] ijqu KwDY mnu iqRpqIAY nwnk swihb dwiq ] 2 ] pauVI ] lwhw jg mih sy Ktih ijn hir Dnu rwis ] duqIAw Bwau n jwxnI scy dI Aws ] inhclu eyku sryivAw horu sB ivxwsu ] pwrbRhmu ijsu ivsrY iqsu ibrQw swsu ] kMiT lwie jn riKAw nwnk bil jwsu 321 n/ sgl bwnI mih AMimRq bwnI ] m 5 266 [bn] gur ikrpw qy AMimRq myrI bwxI ] m 5 239 [b] AMimRq bwnI rsnw cwKy ] m 5 395 [bn] gurbwxI sKI Andu gwvY ] m 5 396 [gurb] rwiK lyhu inrgun nrnwQw ] m 5 259 [nirgun] moih inrgux kau pRiB kInI dieAw ] m 5 183 [nirgu] Awip Alypw inrgunu rhqw ] m 5 387 [nirgun]

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    srgux inrgux QwpY nwau ] m 5 387 [sargu] [nirgu] jl Ql mhIAl siB iqRpqwxy swDU crn pKwlI jIau ] m 5 106 [aran] iqsu crx pKwlI jo qyrY mwrig cwlY ] m 5 102 [ara] Between pages 187 and 203 crn appears thirteen times, and crx fifteen times. gur ky crx aUpir myry mwQy ] m 5 187 crx ryxu gur kI muiK lwgI ] m 5 187 iqsu Byty swDU ky crn ] m 5 189 crn kml ArwiD BgvMqw ] m 5 189 crn Twkur kY mwrig Dwvau ] m 5 190 crx kml Twkur auir Dwir ] m 5 190 gur ky crx ihrdY vswie ] m 5 190

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    crn kvl ird AMqir Dwry ] m 5 191 ijqu Byty swDU ky crn ] m 5 191 hir ky dws ky crx nmskwrhu ] m 5 191 khu nwnk qw kI crxI lwgu ] m 5 191 crx punIq clih hir mwrig ] m 5 191 gur ky crx irdY auir Dwir ] m 5 192 ihrdY crn kml pRB Dwry ] m 5 193 crn kml ihrdY aur DwrI ] m 5 193 crn kml kI dInI Et ] m 5 194 gur ky crx irdY auir Dwir ] m 5 194 pRB ky crn mn mwih iDAwnu ] m 5 195 crn kml isau lwgI pRIiq ] m 5 196

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    hir ky crx ihrdY auir Dwir ] m 5 196 hir ky crx irdy mih bsy ] m 5 197 mnu qnu sIqlu crx hir rwqy ] m 5 197 crx kml ihrdy mih jwpu ] m 5 197 jn crn kml isau lwgo mnw ] m 5 198 crn kml pRym BgqI bIDy ] m 5 198 hir ky crx ihrdY kir Et ] m 5 198 crn kvl ihrdY gih nwnk m 5 203 klm kwgd isAwnp lyKI ] m 5 179 [sinap] bhuqu isAwxp Awgl Bwrw ] m 5 178 [siap] iqAwig sgl isAwnpw Bju pwrbRhm inrMkwru ] m 5 405 [sinp] iqAwig sgl isAwxpw AwT phr pRBu jwip ] m 5 405 [sip]

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    ibnu ismrn idnu rYin ibRQw ibhwie ] m 5 269 [simran] jw kY ismrix suK Bey ] m 5 212 [simra] durmiq BwghIn miq PIky nwmu sunq AwvY min rohY ] m 4 493 [pg'hn] ijn drsnu siqgur sq purK n pwieAw qy BwghIx jim mwry ]

    m 4 493 [pgh] nwm rqu so Bgqu prvwnu ] m 5 189 [parvn] hir kI Bgiq jnmu prvwxu ] m 5 189 [parv] hir kI Bgiq jnmu prvwxu ] gur ikrpw qy nwmu vKwxu ] 3 ] khu nwnk so jnu prvwnu ] jw kY irdY vsY Bgvwnu m 5 189 [parv] [parvn] pRwn ADwru rwKhu sd cIq ] m 5 187 [prn] jIA pRwx nwnk guru ADwru ] m 5 187 [pr]

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    jIA pRwx nwnk guru ADwru ] 4 ] 38 ] 107 ] gauVI mhlw 5 ] ry mn myry qUM qw kau Awih ] jw kY aUxw kChU nwih ] 1 ] hir sw pRIqmu kir mn mIq ] pRwn ADwru rwKhu sd cIq m 5 187 kvn gunu jo quJu lY gwvau ] m 5 187 [gun] gux pUjw igAwn iDAwn nwnk sgl Gwl ] m 5 187 [gu] kvn gunu jo quJu lY gwvau ] kvn bol pwrbRhm rIJwvau ] 1 ] rhwau ] kvn su pUjw qyrI krau ] kvn su ibiD ijqu Bvjl qrau ] 2 ] kvn qpu ijqu qpIAw hoie ] kvnu su nwmu haumY mlu Koie ] 3 ] gux pUjw igAwn iDAwn nwnk sgl Gwl ] ijs kir ikrpw siqguru imlY dieAwl m 5 187 krn krwvn krnY jogu ] m 5 276 [karan karvan] krx kwrx pRBu eyku hY dUsr nwhI koie ] m 5 276 [kara kra] krx kwrx pRBu eyku hY dUsr nwhI koie ] nwnk iqsu bilhwrxY jil Qil mhIAil soie ] 1 ] AstpdI ] krn krwvn krnY jogu ] jo iqsu BwvY soeI hogu ] iKn mih Qwip auQwpnhwrw m 5 276

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    sBu kCu aus kw Ehu krnYhwru ] m 5 279 [karnhr] Apuny cilq Awip krxYhwr ] m 5 279 [karhr] Awpy ricAw sB kY swiQ ] Awip kIno Awpn ibsQwru ] sBu kCu aus kw Ehu krnYhwru ] aus qy iBMn khhu ikCu hoie ] Qwn Qnqir eykY soie ] Apuny cilq Awip krxYhwr ] kauqk krY rMg Apwr ] mn mih Awip mn Apuny mwih ] nwnk kImiq khnu n jwie ] m 5 279 jo BlweI so burw jwnY ] m 5 180 pRwxI jwxY iehu qnu myrw ] m 5 180 pRwxI jwxY iehu qnu myrw ] bhuir bhuir auAwhU lptyrw ] puqR klqR igrsq kw Pwsw ] honu n pweIAY rwm ky dwsw ] 1 ] kvn su ibiD ijqu rwm gux gwie ] kvn su miq ijqu qrY ieh mwie ] 1 ] rhwau ] jo BlweI so burw jwnY ] swcu khY so ibKY smwnY ] jwxY nwhI jIq Aru hwr ] iehu vlyvw swkq sMswr ] 2 ] jo hlwhl so pIvY baurw ] AMimRqu nwmu jwnY kir kaurw ] m 5 180 aun@ kI ryxu bsY jIA nwil ] mwQY Bwgu q pwvau sMgu ] imlY suAwmI ApunY rMig ] 2 ] jwp qwp dyvau sB nymw ] krm Drm Arpau sB homw ] grbu mohu qij hovau ryn ] m 5 391 [re] [ren]

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    mhw ibiKAw mih idnu rYin jwih ] m 5 395 [rn] idnsu rYix eyh syvw swDau ] m 5 391 [r] It is obvious that these orthographic variations present definitive patterns. They may be summarised as follows. a/ gur prswdI sbid slwhI ] m 3 119 [salh] ikau kir vyKw ikau swlwhI ] m 3 119 [slh] ikCu rUpu nhI ikCu jwiq nwhI ikCu FMgu n myrw ] m 4 167 [nah] [nh] nwnk kwmix sdw suhwgix nw ipru mrY n jwey ] m 3 245 [n] [na] ipr kw mhlu n pwveI nw dIsY Gru bwru ] m 3 31 [na] [n]

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    a/ Bytq sMig rwm gun rvy ] pwrbRhm kI drgh gvy ] m 5 287 [dargah] srb inDwn mih hir nwmu inDwnu ] jip nwnk drgih prvwnu ] m 5 288 [dargh] i/ suixAY isD pIr suir nwQ ] m 1 2 [sui] gwvIAY suxIAY min rKIAY Bwau ] m 1 2 [su] i/e ij siqguru syvin sy aubry hir syqI ilv lwie ] m 3 65 [ji] jy hir hir kIcY bhuqu locIAY ikrqu n myitAw jwie ] m 3 65 [je]

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    jo hir kMiq imlweIAw is ivCuiV kqih n jwie ] m 5 135 [si] ijMn@I cwiKAw pRym rsu sy iqRpiq rhy AwGwie ] m 5 135 [se] e/i mn mUrK kwhy ibllweIAY ] purb ilKy kw iliKAw pweIAY ] dUK sUK pRB dyvnhwru ] Avr iqAwig qU iqsih icqwru ] jo kCu krY soeI suKu mwnu ] BUlw kwhy iPrih Ajwn ] kaun bsqu AweI qyrY sMg ] lpit rihE ris loBI pqMg ] rwm nwm jip ihrdy mwih ] nwnk piq syqI Gir jwih ] m 5 283 [khe] [khe] [mhi] [jhi] e/ qyry Bwxy ivic AMimRqu vsY qUM BwxY AMimRqu pIAwvixAw ] m 3 119 [pe] [p] shjy gwivAw Qwie pvY ibnu shjY kQnI bwid ] m 3 68 [shje] [shj]

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    /h pMc cyly vis kIjih rwvl iehu mnu kIjY fMfwqw ] m 1 155 [kjh] [kj] gwvih quhno pauxu pwxI bYsMqru gwvY rwjw Drmu duAwry ] m 5 6 [gvh] [gv] sMjogu ivjogu duie kwr clwvih lyKy Awvih Bwg ] Awdysu iqsY Awdysu ] Awid AnIlu Anwid Anwhiq jugu jugu eyko vysu ] 29 ] eykw mweI jugiq ivAweI iqin cyly prvwxu ] ieku sMswrI ieku BMfwrI ieku lwey dIbwxu ] ijv iqsu BwvY iqvY clwvY ijv hovY Purmwxu ] Ehu vyKY Enw ndir n AwvY bhuqw eyhu ivfwxu ] Awdysu iqsY Awdysu ] Awid AnIlu Anwid Anwhiq jugu jugu eyko vysu ] 30 ] Awsxu loie loie BMfwr ] jo ikCu pwieAw su eykw vwr ] kir kir vyKY isrjxhwru ] nwnk scy kI swcI kwr ] Awdysu iqsY Awdysu ] Awid AnIlu Anwid Anwhiq jugu jugu eyko vysu ] 31 ] iek dU jIBO lK hoih lK hovih lK vIs ] m 1 6-7 [alvh] [vh] [alv] [hov] [v] [hohi]

    [hovh]

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    e/e'i/ehi//h hir vxju krwvY dy rwis ry ] m 4 165 [de] one syllable vfw hoie Dnu Kwit dyie kir Bog iblwsw ] m 4 65 [de'i] two syllables gwvY ko jIA lY iPir dyh ] m 1 2 [deh] hir nwmu vxMjh rMg isau jy Awip dieAwlu hoie dyih ] m 4 165 [dehi] swDsMig Drm rwie kry syvw ] m 5 271 [kare] nwnk ijn pRBu Awip kryie ] m 5 272 [kare'i] three syllables nwnk qw kI Bgiq kryh ] m 5 270 [kareh] Aink Bog ibiKAw ky krY ] m 5 279 [kar] BY Bwie Bgiq krih idnu rwqI hir jIau vyKY sdw hdUir ] m 3 34 [karh]

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    u/ min srb suK vuTy goivd quTy jnm mrxw siB imit gey ] m 5 81 [sukh] srbso sUK Awnd Gn ipAwry hir rqnu mn AMqir sIvqy ] m 5 81 [skh] u/o jo AwieAw so clsI Amru su guru krqwru ] m 1 63 [jo] [so] [su] hir pRBu myry bwbulw hir dyvhu dwnu mY dwjo ] m 4 78 [bbul] hir rwm rwm myry bwbolw ipr imil Dn vyl vDMdI ] m 4 78 [bbol]

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    hir siq sqy myry bwbulw hir jn imil jM\ suhMdI ] pyvkVY hir jip suhylI ivic swhurVY KrI sohMdI ] m 4 78 [bbul] [suhad] [sohad] u+o two vowels on the same grapheme/consonant hir siq siq myry bwbolw hir jn imil jM\ suohMdI ] m 4 78 [so/uhad] poKu souhMdw srb suK ijsu bKsy vyprvwhu ] m 5 135 [so/uhad] JUTw rudnu hoAw duoAwlY iKn mih BieAw prwieAw ] m 1 75 [do/ul] nwmw CIbw kbIru juolwhw pUry gur qy giq pweI ] m 3 67 [jo/ulh] pRgt Bey Awpih gouibMd nwnk sMq mqWq ] m 5 254 [go/ubd] tUtI gwFnhwr guopwl ] m 5 282 [go/upl]

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    o//au/auh kWKI eykY drs quhwro ] nwnk aun sMig moih auDwro ] m 5 262 [tuhro] [udro] DOlu Drmu dieAw kw pUqu ] sMqoKu Qwip riKAw ijin sUiq ] m 1 3 [tl] [stokh] ismrau ismir ismir suKu pwvau ] kil klys qn mwih imtwvau ] m 5 262 [simrau] [pvau] [mivau] mn swis swis ismrhu pRB aUcy ] m 5 270 [simrauh] Consonant cluster with [ r ] mnu qnu ArpY ibsn prIiq ] m 5 274 [part] mn mih pRIiq inrMjn drs ] m 5 274 [prt]

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    kir ikrpw fubdw pQru lIjY ] m 5 103 [kirp] hir jIau ikpw krhu guru mylhu jn nwnk hir Dnu plY jIau ] m 4 94 [krip] Cluster with [ r ] and syllable division The cluster with [ r ] is invariably simplified. Instead of [a'mrit], we have [am'rit]; instead of [du'krit], [su'krit], [sa'mrath], the usual rendering by even the most professional granthis is [duk'rit], [suk'rit], [sam'rath]. hir AMimRqu vuTVw imilAw hir rwieAw jIau ] m 4 173 [a'mrit] suixAY swsq isimRiq vyd ] m 1 2 [si'mrit] isMimRiq swsq pMifq muiK soeI ] m 1 154 [s'mrit] sMq supRsMn Awey vis pMcw ] m 5 189 [su'prasan]

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    duikq suikq mMDy sMswru sglwxw ] m 5 51 [du'krit] [su'krit] The presence or absence of the marker of nasalisation Dnu DMnu ipqw Dnu DMnu kulu Dnu Dnu su jnnI ijin gurU jixAw mwie ] m 4 310 [tn tan] [tn tan] [tn tn] DMnu DMnu gurU nwnk jn kyrw ijqu imilAY cUky siB sog sMqwpy ] m 4 167 [tan tan] DMnu Dnu syvw sPl siqgurU kI ijqu hir hir nwmu jip hir suKu pwieAw ] m 4 166 [tan tn] One of the most frequent words, [anad], has similarly several forms, with or without nasalisation, with or without a long vowel. Awnd sUK Bytq hir nwnk jnmu ikqwrQu sPlu svyrw ] m 5 204 [nad] sUK shj Awn d ibsRwm ] m 5 210 [nad]

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    And ibnod coj qmwsy quDu BwvY so hoxw jIau ] m 5 100 [a'nad] bRhm igAwnI kY Gir sdw And ] m 5 273 [anad] v/b jnm jnm ky iklivK gey ] m 5 178 [kilvikh] jnm jnm ky iklibK jwvih ] m 5 104 [kilbikh] swD syvw vfBwgI pweIAY ] m 5 283 [vapg] bfBwgI qy jn jg mwih ] m 5 281 [bapg] n/ sgl bwnI mih AMimRq bwnI ] m 5 266 [bn] gur ikrpw qy AMimRq myrI bwxI ] m 5 239 [b]

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    Awpy ricAw sB kY swiQ ] Awip kIno Awpn ibsQwru ] sBu kCu aus kw Ehu krnYhwru ] aus qy iBMn khhu ikCu hoie ] Qwn Qnqir eykY soie ] Apuny cilq Awip krxYhwr ] kauqk krY rMg Apwr ] mn mih Awip mn Apuny mwih ] nwnk kImiq khnu n jwie ] m 5 279 [karnhr] [karhr] w/b, n/ are due to the admixture of dialects. Most of the orthographic variations are presented in minimal pairs. The graphemes correspond to specific phonetic articulations in binary oppositions. It is imperative that to keep the sanctity of the d ph, our enunciation must follow these distinctions. It will require a very slow and steady reading paying attention to the phonologic structure of each word and vocable of Gurbani especially when these differentiations are realised in the same utterance or composition These orthographic and conceptual distinctions presented by Guru Arjun and Bhai Gurdas cannot be ignored. Any digression would be a sacrilege. Harjeet Singh Gill Emeritus Professor of Semiotics Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH INTRODUCTION

    82

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTION

    THE TEXT

    ik oakr satinm kart purkh nirpu nirvr akl mrat ajn sb gur prasdi ] jap ]

    di sa yugdi sa ] h b sa nnak hos b sa ]1] so so na hova je so lakh vr ] up up na hova je li rah liv tr ] pkhi pkh na utr je bn pur pr ] sahas sip lakh hohi ta ik na al nl ] kiv sair ho kiv k tu pl ] hukam raz al nnak likhi nl ]1] hukm hovan kr hukam na kahi j ] hukm hovan j'a hukam mil vai ] hukm utam n hukam likh dukh sukh ph ] ikn hukm bakhss ik hukm sad pavh ] hukm dar sb ko bhar hukam na koi ] nnak hukm je bj ta haum kah na koi ]2] gv ko t hov kis t ] gv ko dt j ns ] gv ko gu vai r ] gv ko vidi vikham vr ] gv ko sj kare tan kheh ] gv ko j'a l phir deh ] gv Note: The text phonetically transcribed here is the one that is published by the SGPC, Shiromani Gurdawara Prabhandik Committee, in 2014. The transcription of [ v y f z q ] follows their Sanskrit and Persian enunciations.

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTION

    2

    ko jp dis dr ] gv ko vekh hdr hadr ] kathn kath na v to ] kath kath kath ko ko ko ] ded de lde thak phi ] yug yugtar khh khhi ] hukm hukam ale rhu ] nnak vigs veparvhu ]3] s shib s ni pkhi pu apr ] khh mgh dehi dehi dt kare dtr ] pher ki ag rakh jit dis darbr ] muh ki bola bol jit su tre pir ] 'mrit vel sa nu vai vr ] karm v kap nadr mokh dur ] nnak ev j sb pe sair ]4] thpi na ji kt na hoi ] pe p nirjan soi ] jin sevi tin pi mn ] nnak gv gu nidn ] gv su man rakh pu ] dukh parhari sukh kr l ji ] gurmukh nda gurmukh veda gurmukh rahi sam ] gur sar gur gorakh barm gur prbat m ] je hau j kh nh kah kathan na j ] gur ik dehi buj ] sbn j k ik dt so m visar na j ]5] trath nv je tis pv vi pe ki ni kar ] jet sirh up vekh vi karm ki mil la ] mat vi ratan javhar mik je ik gur k sikh su ] gur ik dehi buj ] sbn j k ik dt so m visar na j ]6] je yug re rj hor das hoi ] nav kh vi j nl al sb koi ] g nu rakhi k jas krat jag le'i ] je tis nadar na va ta vt na puh ke ] k dar k kar dos dos tre ] nnak nirgu gu kare guvti gu de ] teh koi na sja ji tis gu koi kare ]7] sui sd pr sur nth ] sui trt tval ks ] sui dp lo'a ptl ] sui pohi na sak kl ] nnak pgt sad vigs ] sui dkh pp k ns ]8] sui sar barm d ] sui mukh slha md ] sui yog jugat tan pd ] sui sst si'mrit ved ] nnak pgt

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTION

    3

    sad vigs ] sui dkh pp k ns ]9] sui sati stokh gin ] sui ahsah k isnn ] sui p p pvh mn ] sui lge sahaj tn ] nnak pgt sad vigs ] sui dkh pp k ns ]10] sui sar gu ke gh ] si sekh pr ptsh ] sui a de pvh rhu ] sui hth hov asghu ] nnak pgt sad vigs ] sui dkh pp k ns ]11] mne k gat kah na ji ] je ko kah pih pahuti ] kgad kalam na likhahr ] mne k bh karan vr ] s nm nirjan hoi ] je ko mn j man koi ]12] mn surt hov man bd ] mn sagal pva k sd ] mn muhi o n khi ] mn jam k sth na ji ] s nm nirjan hoi ] je ko mn j man koi ]13] mn mrag hk na pi ] mn pat siu parga ji ] mn mag na al pth ] mn trm set sanba d ] s nm nirjan hoi ] je ko mn j man koi ] 14] mn pvh mokh dur ] mn parvr sdr ] mn tar tre gur sikh ] mn nnak pvh na pkh ] s nm nirjan hoi ] je ko mn j man koi ]15] p parv p pardn ] pe pvh dargh mn ] pe sohh dar rjn ] p k gur ek tn ] je ko kah kar vr ] karte k kar nh sumr ] tl trm dai k pt ] stokh thp rakhi jin st ] je ko bj hov sair ] tvl upar ket pr ] trt hor par hor hor ] tis te pr tal kava jor ] j'a jt rg ke nv ] sbn likhi vu kalm ] ehu lekh likh j koi ] lekh likhi ket hoi ] ket t suliu rp ] ket dt j kau kt ] kt pasu eko kavu ] tis te hoi lakh daru ] qudrat kava kah vr ] vri na jv ek vr ] jo td pv s pl kr] t sad salmat nirkr ]16] askh jap askh pu ] askh pj askh tap tu ] askh grth mukh ved ph ] askh yog man rahh

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTION

    4

    uds ] askh pgat gu gin vr ] askh sat askh dtr ] askh sr muh pkh sr ] askh mon liv li tr ] qudrat kava kah vr ] vri na jv ek vr ] jo td pv s pl kr ] t sad salmat nirkr ]17] askh mrakh a d kr ] askh or harmkhor ] askh amar kar jhi jor ] askh galv hati kamhi ] askh pp pp kar jhi ] askh kir ke phirhi ] askh maleh mal pkh khhi ] askh ndak sir karh pr ] nnak n kah vr ] vri na jv ek vr ] jo td pv s pl kr ] t sad salmat nirkr ]18] askh nv askh thv ] agm agm askh lo'a ] askh kahh sir pr hoi ] akhr nm akhr slh ] akhr gin gt gu gh ] akhr likha bola b ] akhr sir syog vakh ] jin ehi likhe tis sir nhi ] jiv furme tiv tiv phi ] jet kt tet nu ] vi nv nh ko thu ] qudrat kava kah vr ] vri na jv ek vr ] jo td pv s pl kr ] t sad salmat nirkr ]19] pr hath pr tan deh ] p tt utras kheh ] mt palt kapa hoi ] de sb la oh ti ] pr mat pp k sg ] oh tp nv k rg ] pn pp kha nhi ] kar kar kar likh l jhu ] pe bj ape h khahu ] nnak hukm vauh jhu ]20] trath tap dai dat dn ] je ko pv til k mn ] sui mni man kt pu ] targat trath mal nu ] sb gu tere m nh koi ] vi gu kte pgat na hoi ] suast th b barmu ] sati suh sad man u ] kava su vel vakht kava kava thit kava vr ] kava si rut mh kava jit ho kr ] vel na p pat ji hov lekh pur ] vakht na pio qd ji likhan lekh qur ] thit vr n yog ja rut mha n ko ] j kart sirh kau sje pe j so ] kiv kar kh kiv

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTION

    5

    slh kiu varn kiv j ] nnak kha sb ko kh ik d ik si ] va shib va n kt j k hov ] nnak je ko pau j ag g na soh ]21] ptl ptl lakh gs gs ] oak oak pl thake ved kahan ik vt ] sahas ahrah kahan kateb asul ik tt ] lekh hoi ta likh lekh hoi vis ] nnak vaa kh pe j p ]22] slh slhi et surt na pi ] nad at vh pavh samd na jh ] samd sh sultn girh set ml tn ] k tul na hovn je tis manhu na vsrh ]23] t na sift kaha na t ] t na kar de na t ] t na vekha sua na t ] t na jp ki man mt ] t na jp kt kr ] t na jp prvr ] t kra kete bil'lhi ] t ke t na pe jhi ] eh t na j koi ] bahut kah bahut hoi ] va shib thu ] e upar nu ] eva hov koi ] tis e kau j soi ] jeva p j p p ] nnak nadr karm dt ]24] bahut karm likhi n ji ] va dt til na tami ] kete mgh jd apr ] keti gaat nah vr ] kete khap tuh vekr ] kete l l mukar phi ] kete mrakh khh khhi ] keti dkh pkh sad mr ] eh b dt ter dtr ] bd khals p hoi ] hor kh na sak koi ] je ko khik kha pi ] oh j jet muhi khi ] pe j pe de'i ] khh si b ke ke'i ] jis no bakhse sift slh ] nnak ptsh ptshu ]25] amul gu amul vpr ] amul vpre amul pa r ] amul vh amul l jhi ] amul pi amul samhi ] amul tram amul db ] amul tul amul parv ] amul bakhss amul ns ] amul karm amul furm ] amulo amul khi na ji ] kh kh rahe liv li ] khh ved ph pur ] khh pe karh vakhi ] khh barme khh d ]

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTION

    6

    khh gop t govd ] khh sar khh sd ] khh kete kte bd ] khh dnav khh dev ] khh sur nar mun jan sev ] kete khh kha phi ] kete kh kh uh uh jhi ] ete kte hor karehi ] t kh na sakh ke ke'i ] jeva pv teva hoi ] nnak j s soi ] je ko kh bol vig ] t likh sir gvr gvr ]26] so dar keh so kr keh jit bh sarb samle ] vje nd anek askh kete vvahre ] kete rg par siu kahan kete gvahre ] gvh tuhno pau p bstar gv rj trm dure ] gvh it gupt likh jh likh likh trm vre ] gvh sar barm dev sohan sad svre ] gvh d idsa bhe devti dar nle ] gvh sd samd dar gvan sd vire ] gvan jat sat stokh gvh vr karre ] gvan pit pan rakhsar yug yug ved nle ] gvh moha man mohan surg mah paile ] gvan ratan upe tere ahsah trath nle ] gvh jd mahbal sr gvh kh re ] gvh kh mal varpa kar kar rakhe tre ] se tdno gvh jo td pvan rate tere pgat rasle ] hor kete gvan se m it na van nnak ki vre ] so so sad sa shib s s n ] h b hos ji na js ran jin ra ] rg rg pt kar kar jins mi jin up ] kar kar vekh kt p jiv tis d vai ] jo tis pv so kars hukam na kar j ] so ptshu sh ptshib nnak raha raz ]27] md stokh saram pat l tin k karh bibt ] khth kl kur ki yugat partt ] pth sagal jamt man jt jag jt ] des tis des ] di anl andi anhat yug yug eko ves ]28] pgat gin dai pa ra k k vjh nd ] p nth nth sb j k rd sd avr sd ] syog viyog dui kr alvh

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTION

    7

    lekhe vh pg ] des tis des ] di anl andi anhat yug yug eko ves ]29] ek m jugat vi tin ele parv ] ik ssr ik pa r ik le db ] jiv tis pv tiv alv jiv hov furm ] oh vekh on nadar na v bahut ehu vi ] des tis des ] di anl andi anhat yug yug eko ves ]30] sa loi loi pa r ] jo kih pi su ek vr ] kar kar vekh sirjahr ] nnak sae k s kr ] des tis des ] di anl andi anhat yug yug eko ves ]31] ik d jb lakh hohi lakh hovh lakh vs ] lakh lakh ge khh ek nm jagds ] et rhi pat pav hoi iks ] su gal ks k k rs ] nnak nadr p k k hs ]32] kha jor up nah jor ] jor na mga de na jor ] jor na jva mar nah jor ] jor na rj ml man sor ] jor na surt gin vr ] jor na jugat hu ssr ] jis hath jor kar vekh soi ] nnak utam n na koi ]33] rt rut thit vr ] pava p agn ptl ] tis vi trt thp rakh tram sl ] tis vi j'a jugat ke rg ] tin ke nm anek ant ] karm karm hoi vr ] sa p sa darbr ] tith sohan p parv ] nadr karm pav ns ] ka pak oth pi ] nnak gai jp ji ]34] tram kh k ehu trm ] gin kh k khauh karm ] kete pava p vstar kete kn mahes ] kete barme kat kh rp rg ke ves ] ket karm pm mer kete kete t updes ] kete d d sr kete kete mal des ] kete sd bd nth kete kete dev ves ] kete dev dnav mun kete kete ratan samd ] ket kh ket b kete pt nard ] ket surt sevak kete nnak t na t ]35] gin kh mh gin par ] tith nd binod ko and ]

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTION

    8

    saram kh k b rp ] tith kat k bahut anp ] t k gal kath n jhi ] je ko kah pih pahuti ] tith k surt mat man bd ] tith k sur sd k sd ]36] karm kh k b jor ] tith hor na ko hor ] tith jd mahbal sr ] tin mh rm rahi prpr ] tith sto st mahim mhi ] t ke rp na kathne jhi ] n oh marh na hge jhi ] jin k rm vas man mhi ] tith pgat vash ke lo'a ] karh and sa man soi ] sa kh vas nirkr ] kar kar vekh nadar nihl ] tith kh mal varpa ] je ko kath ta t na t ] tith lo'a lo'a kr ] jiv jiv hukam tiv tiv kr ] vekh vigs kar vr ] nnak kathn kar sr ]37] jat phr traj sunir ] ahra mat ved hathr ] pu khal agan tap tu ] pa pu 'mrit tit l ] k sabad sa aksl ] jin kau nadar karm tin kr ] nnak nadr nadar nihl ]38] salok ] pava gur p pit mt trt mahat ] divas rt dui d di khel sagal jagat ] gi buri v trm hadr ] karm po p ke ne ke dr ] jin nm ti gae ma'sakat kl ] nnak te mukh ujle ket hu nl ] 1 ] so dar rg s mahal phl ik oakr satigur prasdi ] so dar ter keh so kr keh jit bahi sarb samle ] vje tere nd anek askh kete tere vvahre ] kete tere rg par siu kahh kete tere gvahre ] gvan tdno pava p bstar gv rj trm dure ] gvan tdno it gupt likh jan likh likh trm bre ] gvan tdno sar brm dev sohan tere sad savre ] gvan tdno dr drsa bhe devti dar nle ] gvan tdno sd samdi dar gvan tdno sd bre ]

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTION

    9

    gvan tdno jat sat stokh gvan tdno vr karre ] gvan tdno pit pn rakhsur yug yug ved nle ] gvan tdno moha man mohan surg mah paile ] gvan tdno ratan upe tere ahsah trath nle ] gvan tdno jd mahbal sr gvan tdno khi re ] gvan tdno kh mal brm kar kar rakhe tere tre ] se tdno gvan jo td pvan rate tere pgat rasle ] hor kete tdno gvan se m it na van nnak ki bre ] so so sad sa shib s s n ] h b hos ji na js ran jin ra ] rgi rgi pt kar kar jins mi jin up ] kar kar dekh kt p jiu tis d vai ] jo tis pv so kars phir hukam na kar j ] so ptshu sh patshib nnak raha raz ]1] s mahal phl ] su va kh sb koi ] keva va h hoi ] qmat pi na kahi ji ] kah vle tere rahe sami ]1] vae mere shib gahar gbr gu gahr ] koi na j ter keta keva r ]1] rahu ] sb surt mil surt kam ] sb qmat mil qmat p ] gin tn gur gur h ] kaha na j ter til vai ]2] sb sati sb tap sb gi ] sd purkh k vai ] td vi sd kin na p ] karm mil nh hk rah ]3] kha vl ki ver ] sift pre tere pa r ] jis tu dehi tis ki r ] nnak sa svrahr ]4]2] s mahal phl ] kh jv visr mar ju ] kha aukh s nu ] se nm k lg pkh ] ut pkh khi alh dkh ]1] so kiu visr mer mi ] sc shib s ni ]1] rahu ] se nm k til vai ] kh thake qmat nah p ] je sb mil k kha phi ] va na hov k na ji ]2] n oh mar na hov sog ] ded rah na k pg ] gu eho hor nh koi n ko ho n ko hoi ] 3 ] jeva p teva ter dt

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTION

    10

    jin din kar k kt rt ] khasam visrh te kamjt ] nnak nv bj sant ]4]3] rg gjr mahal auth ] hari ke jan satigur satipurkh binau karau gur ps ] ham kre kirm satigur sar kar dai nm pargs ]1] mere mt gurdev mo kau rm nm pargs ] gurmati nm mer prn sakh hari krat hamr rahrs ]1] rahu ] hari jan ke va pg vaere jin hari hari srd hari pis ] hari hari nm mil triptsh mil sgat gu pargs ]2] jin hari hari hari ras nm na pi te pg'h jam ps ] jo satigur sara sgat nah e trg jve trg jvs ]3] jin hari jan satigur sgat p tin tr mastak likhi likhs ] tn ta n satisgat jit hari ras pi mil jan nnak nm pargs ]4]4] rg gjr mahal pjv ] khe re man itvh udam j har hari jo pari ] sl pathar mh jt upe t k rizak g kar tri ] 1 ] mere mdau j satisgat mile su tari ] gur parsdi param pad pi ske ks hari ]1] rahu ] janan pit lok sut banit koi na kis k tri ] sir sir rizak sbhe hkur khe man pu kari ]2] e v s kos tis ph bare hari ] tin kava khalv kava ugv man mh simran kari ]3] sb nidn das as sidn hkur kar tal tri ] jan nnak bal bal sad bal j ter t na prvari ]4]5] rg s mahal auth ] so purkh ] ik oakr satigur prasdi ] so purkh nirjan hari purkh nirjan hari agam agam apr ] sb tvh sb tvh td j hari sae sirjahr ] sb j'a tumre j t j k dtr ] hari tvauh st hu j sb dkh visrahr ] hari pe hkur hari pe sevak j

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTION

    11

    ki nnak jt vir ] 1] t k k tar sarb nirtar j hari eko purkh sam ] ik dte ik pkhr ji sb tere oj vi ] t pe dt pe pgt j hau td bin avar na j ] t prbrm bet bet j tere ki gu kh vakh ] jo sevh jo sevh td j jan nnak tin qurb ] 2 ] hari tvh hari tvh td j se jan yug mh sukhvs ] se mukat se mukt pe jin hari ti j tin t jam k phs ] jin nirpu jin hari nirpu ti j tin k pu sb gavs ] jin sevi jin sevi mer hari j te hari hari rp sams ] se ta n se ta n jin hari ti j jan nnak tin bal js ] 3 ] ter pgat ter pgat pa r j pre bit bet ] tere pgat tere pgat salhan td j hari anik anek ant ] ter anik ter anik karh hari pj j tap tph japh bet ] tere anek tere anek ph bahu si'mrit sst j kar kiri kha karm kart ] se pgat se pgat ple jan nnak j jo pvh mere hari pgvt ] 4 ] t di purkh aprpar kart j td jeva avar na ko ] t yug yug eko sad sad t eko j t nihal kart so ] td pe pv so vart j t pe karh su ho ] td pe sris sb upi j td pe siraj sb go ] jan nnak gu gv karte ke j jo sbs k jo ]5]1] s mahal auth ] t kart sair m s ] jo tau pv so ths jo t dehi so hau p ]1] rahu ] sb ter t sbn ti ] jis no krip karh tin nm ratan pi ] gurmukh ld manmukh gavi ] td p vihoi p mili ] 1 ] t daru sb tj h mhi ] tj bin dj ko nhi ] j'a jt sb ter khel ] viyog mil vihui syog mel ]2] jis no t jih so jan j ] hari gu sad h kh vakh ] jin hari sevi tin sukh pi ] sahje h hari nm

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTION

    12

    sami ]3] t pe kart ter k sb hoi ] td bin dj avar na koi ] t kar kar vekhh jh soi ] jan nnak gurmukh parga hoi ]4]2] s mahal phl ] tit sarvara pale nivs p pvak tinhi k ] pkaj moh pag nah l ham dekh tah bale ]1] man ek na etas m man ] hari bisrat tere gu gali ]1] rahu ] n hau jat sat nah pi mrakh mgd janam pi ] pravat nnak tin k sar jin t nh vsari ]2]3] s mahal pjv ] p parpat mnukh dehur ] gobd mila k ih ter bar ] avar kj ter kit na km ] mil sd sgat pj keval nm ]1] sarjm lg pvjal taran k ] janam brith jt rg mi k ] 1 ] rahu ] jap tap sjam tram na kami ] sev sd na jni hari ri ] kahu nnak ham n karm ] sara pare k rkh hu sarm ] 2 ] 4 ] sohil rg gau dpk] mahal phl ] ik oakr satigur prasdi ] j kr krat kh karte k hoi bro ] tit kr gvauh sohil sivrih sirjahro ]1] tum gvauh mere nirpu k sohil ] hau vr jit sohil sad sukh hoi ]1] rahu ] nit nit jae samlan dekhg devahr ] tere dn qmat na pav tis dte kava sumr ]2] sbat sh likhi mil kar pvauh tel ] dehu saja assa jiu hov shib siu mel ]3] kr kr eho phu sade nit pavn ] sadahr simr nnak se dih vn ]4]1] rg s mahal phl ] hia kr hia gur hia updes ] gur gur eko ves anek ]1] bb j kr karte krat hoi ] so kr rkh va toi ]1] rahu ] visue asia k pahr thit vr mhu ho ] sraj eko rut

  • THE LANGUAGE OF THE ADI GRANTH PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTION

    13

    anek ] nnak karte ke kete ves ]2]2] rg tnsr mahal phl ] gagan m thl rav d dpak bane trik mal janak mot ] tp malnlo pava avro kare sagal banri phlt jot ]1] ks rti hoi ] pv khn ter rt ] anhat sabad vjt pr ]1] rahu ] sahas tav nn nan nn hh tohi kau sahas mrat nan ek to/uh ] sahas pad bimal nan ek pad gad bin sahas tav ga d iv alat moh ]2] sb mh jot jot h soi ] tis d na sb mh na hoi ] gur skh jot parga hoi ] jo tis pv su rt hoi ]3] hari ara kaval makrd lbit mano andino mohi h pis ] krip jal


astrogyan granth

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THE LANGUAGE OF SRI GURU GRANTH SAHIB - …apnaorg.com/.../the-language-of-sri-guru-granth-sahib.pdf · THE LANGUAGE OF SRI GURU GRANTH SAHIB 3 Sri Guru Granth Sahib is the most sacred

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This course material is designed and developed by Indira ...egyanagar.osou.ac.in/slmfiles/BAHI-07-Block-04.pdf · his death, verses ascribed to him were included in the Adi-Granth

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Adi Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Part 8-Harbans Singh-Punjabi

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The Guru Granth Sahib

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Essential Points from Introductory Unit...janam-sakhi* storytellers recount the story of Guru Nanak (RDR, 21-27) Akal Purakh (=God, Lord, Creator) [divine] Name Panth Adi Granth* [Harimandir

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