Post on 13-Apr-2018
TECHNOLOG SERVICES
28/09/2015
• Martin Melzer
FUEL EFFICIENCY IN MODERN RESEARCH
ICEBREAKER DESIGN
TECHNOLOG SERVICES
28/09/2015215TH CONFERENCE ON SHIP EFFICIENCY
• Motivation and Introduction
• Fuel Efficiency in modern Cargo Ship Design
• About Research Icebreakers
• Striving for Fuel Efficiency in Research Icebreaker Design
Agenda
TECHNOLOG SERVICES
28/09/2015315TH CONFERENCE ON SHIP EFFICIENCY
Motivation
Starting Situation Fuel Efficiency
• Heavy Lightship
• Electric Propulsion
• No Bulbeous Bow
• Hullform resembling a brick
• CPP
• CPP designed for low URN
• CPP with very high Ice classes
• Comparable Small Propeller Diameter because of Ice Floes
• No PID possible
• Speed loss occurs early
TECHNOLOG SERVICES
28/09/2015415TH CONFERENCE ON SHIP EFFICIENCY
Short Introduction TLS
• Project Management
• Plan Approvals
• Construction Supervision
• Building advice to Yards
• Retrofits and Conversions
• Warranty Services
• Feasibility Studies
• Concept Development
• Energy Management and Optimization
• Tender Documents/ Bid Evaluation
• Basic Design with Classification
• Detail Design
TECHNOLOG SERVICES
28/09/2015515TH CONFERENCE ON SHIP EFFICIENCY
Fuel Efficiency in modern Cargo Ship
Design
– Engine selection• Stroke, Revolutions …
– Propeller Efficiency and PIDs
– Electric Power Generation & Distribution
– Waste Heat Recovery
– Hullform• Parametric Optimisation, Wake Field Studies …
– Dual Fuel
TECHNOLOG SERVICES
28/09/2015615TH CONFERENCE ON SHIP EFFICIENCY
Tayloring of design
0 5 10 15 20
Effe
ctive
Po
we
r [k
W]
Ship Speed [knots]
T=12m PE(A) T=12m PE(B) T=14m PE(A) T=14m PE(B)
Utilise Data from Fleet
• Specific Route
• Specific Leg
– Speed, Weather
– Draught
– Trim
TECHNOLOG SERVICES
28/09/2015715TH CONFERENCE ON SHIP EFFICIENCY
About Research
Icebreakers
TECHNOLOG SERVICES
28/09/2015815TH CONFERENCE ON SHIP EFFICIENCY
• 1 Ship in a Fleet
About Research Icebreakers
• 2 Primary Roles
– Logistics
– Science
TECHNOLOG SERVICES
28/09/2015915TH CONFERENCE ON SHIP EFFICIENCY
Science at sea
Acoustic
Survey
Towing
Stationkeeping
TECHNOLOG SERVICES
28/09/20151015TH CONFERENCE ON SHIP EFFICIENCY
• 2 Primary Roles
– Logistics
– Science
Supplying Antarctic Stations
Non Bulk
Bulk in casks
Container
Vehicles
Personnel
TECHNOLOG SERVICES
28/09/20151115TH CONFERENCE ON SHIP EFFICIENCY
STRIVING FOR FUEL EFFICIENCY IN RESEARCH ICEBREAKER DESIGN
TECHNOLOG SERVICES
28/09/20151215TH CONFERENCE ON SHIP EFFICIENCY
DPIce breaking
light conditions
Towing
Accoustic survey
Transit at 13 knots
Harbour
Cargo transfer
In refit
other
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Tim
e [
%]
Sp
eci
fic
Po
we
r C
on
sum
pti
on
[%
]
Po
we
r [k
W]
Speed [knots]
Proportion of Time [%] Specific Work [%] Delivered Propulsion Power per operating condition [kW] Critical Values
Operational Profile of
Research Icebreakers
TECHNOLOG SERVICES
28/09/20151315TH CONFERENCE ON SHIP EFFICIENCY
• Right Sizing of Power Plant
– Balancing Icebreaking Performance with Open Water and Seakeeping
• Optimizing Internal Arrangements for
– Reduced Voluntary Speed Loss
– Improve Cargo Handling where possible (Time at Shelf)
– Trim and Deadweight Distribution
To Do List: Efficiency
• Make Decisions !
• Accept the Rest !
You need CPP, Electric Propulsion etc.
SEAKEEPING
Check
Open Water
Optimize
Ice Breaking
Optimize
Station
Keeping
ObservePropeller
Preliminary/
Empirical
Experience
Voyage
Scenario
Understand
TECHNOLOG SERVICES
28/09/20151415TH CONFERENCE ON SHIP EFFICIENCY
Seakeeping
0,00
0,01
0,02
0,03
0,04
0,05
180° (head
sea)
165°
150°
135° (bow
quart.)
120°
105°
90° (beam
sea)
75°
60°
45° (stern
quart.)
30°
15°
0° (follow
sea)
15°
30°
45° (stern
quart.)
60°
75°
90° (beam
sea)
105°
120°
135° (bow
quart.)
150°
165°
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
180°
(headsea)
165°
150°
135°
(bow
quart.)
120°
105°
90°
(beam
sea)
75°
60°
45°
(sternquart.)
30°
15°
0°
(follow
sea)
15°
30°
45°
(sternquart.)
60°
75°
90°
(beam
sea)
105°
120°
135°
(bow
quart.)
150°
165°
• Strip Method
• Identifying severe risks
• Empirical Corrections
• Several Loops
• Mass of POI to check
• Often Owners request standard
Criteria e.g. Nordforsk or STANAG
� Hard to achieve for an Icebreaker
TECHNOLOG SERVICES
28/09/20151515TH CONFERENCE ON SHIP EFFICIENCY
• CFD
• Approaching Resistance
• Identifying severe risks
• Empirical Corrections
• Several Loops
Open water optimisation
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120
Section A
rea
Section Areas
TECHNOLOG SERVICES
28/09/20151615TH CONFERENCE ON SHIP EFFICIENCY
Icebreaking Resistance
���� � �� �� � �, ���� � ��� �, ��
Formula for semi empirical resistance in ice acc. to Lindquist
Definitions taken from lecture notes NTNU, Riska
TECHNOLOG SERVICES
28/09/20151715TH CONFERENCE ON SHIP EFFICIENCY
• Timeline forbids to involve too many parties in the development
• Important Design Parameters (Deadweight, Geometrics) are far from
beeing fixed
• Up-front investments are often not accepted
• Customers expect high level of accuracy for their individual operational
profiles
Conclusuion
• Convincing Ships are taylored � rules out development of parent design
• Convincing Ships are balanced � It is not the Mastery of one discipline that
leads to success
TECHNOLOG SERVICES
28/09/20151815TH CONFERENCE ON SHIP EFFICIENCY
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION