Foundations of ESL

DE LA SALE UNIVERSITY - DASMARINASnivre888@gmail.com

Course Description

In this course, participants explore basic concepts and issues in the teaching of English as a Second Language (ESL). Specifically, the course introduces basic theories, methods, and approaches in teaching ESL. Lastly, it explores the social and historical contexts of teaching ESL in the Philippines.

Course OutlineI. Introduction

II. Basic Concepts and Issues in ESL

III. Theories on Language

IV. Methods and Approaches in Teaching ESL

V. Teaching ESL in the Philippines

VI. Conclusion

Course Requirements

Attendance in classroom and online sessions

Classroom and online tasks and activities

Reflection essay on Foundations of ESL or Lesson Plan

Schoolbook Website Address: www.dlsud.edu20.org

Course Title: Foundations of ESL

Access code: Please send me an email

Basic Issues and Concepts

Basic Issues and Concepts

What is language?

How do we learn a language?

How should we teach language?

 

What is ESL?

What is language?

1. Language as a system of signs

2. Language as a system of structural patterns

3. Language as a system of internalized rules

4. Language as a system of functions

5. Language as implicatures

6. Language as speech acts

7. Language as discourse

Tupas (2002)

What is language?

Language as a system of signs

Ferdinand de Saussure

Father of Modern Linguistics

Langue – abstract system of signs

Parole – ways we use the system

Video 1 :Ferdinand de Saussure and Structuralism

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B5vhq3aRNjE

Language as a system of structural patterns

Structuralist linguistics

(scientific description of language)

Famous structuralists

Leonard Bloomfield

Edward Sapir

From the sign to the sentence

Complex habits or patterns in language

Language as a system of internalized rules

Noam Chomsky

Generative linguistics

(scientific description of language)

LAD (Language Acquisition Device)

UG (Universal Grammar)

Video 2 :Noam Chomsky on LAD

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qdonf-4nkeE

Video 3 & 4:Noam Chomsky on UG

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xfiHd6DyuTU

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vbKO-9n5qmc

Language as a system of functions

M.A.K. Halliday

Language is a system of meaning

Language is a system of choices

Three macrofunctions

Ideational

Interpersonal

Textual

Video 5: Michael Halliday on Language

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nC-blhaIUCk

Language as speech acts

JL Austin and John Searle

Speech Acts

Language as performance

Video 6: On Speech Acts

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hqcgtCnNxnI

Language as implicatures

H.P. Grice

Cooperative Principle

Conversation Maxims

Video 7 - 8: On Gricean Cooperative Principle and Implicatures

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YRMgGCNKijM

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yUs8GAi_cIw

Language as discourse

Michael Bakhtin

A critical view of language

“Language constitutes society and is constituted by it.”

Video 9-10: Bakhtin meets Pocahontas

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GITVPh7GVSE

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g97mZD_QI4g

What is language?

1. Language as a system of signs

2. Language as a system of structural patterns

3. Language as a system of internalized rules

4. Language as a system of functions

5. Language as speech acts

6. Language as implicatures

7. Language as discourse

Tupas (2002)

What is language?

1. Structural

2. Functional

3. Interactional

Methods and approaches in teaching ESL

HOW DO WE LEARN A LANGUAGE?

HOW DO WE TEACH A LANGUAGE

Video 11: On ESL and Other Acronyms

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GbIqAkNbk5I

Based on the video, which is better:ESL, EFL, or ESOL?

Methods and approaches in teaching ESL

Basic concepts

Approach

Method

Technique

Methods and approaches in teaching ESL

Edward Anthony (1963)

Richards and Rodgers (1986) 

Brown (2001)

Methods and approaches in teaching ESL

Edward Anthony (1963) as cited in Tupas (2002)

Approach

- A set of principles based on particular theories of language, learning, and teaching.

Method

- Any systematic way of teaching language based on a chosen approach

Technique

- Any activity that actualizes a specific method

Methods and approaches in teaching ESL

Richards and Rodgers (1986) 

Method

Approach ProcedureDesign

Methods and approaches in teaching ESL

Brown (2001)

METHODOLOGY – Pedagogical practices in general

APPROACH – Positions and beliefs on the nature of language, learning, and the applicability of both to pedagogical settings.

TECHNIQUE – Exercises, activities or tasks used in the language classroom to realize lesson objectives

Some Approaches to Language Teaching

Some Approaches

Grammar-Translation Method

Direct Method

Audio-Lingual Method,

Silent Way

Suggestopedia

Community Language Learning

Total Physical Response Method

Communicative Approach

Task-based Language Teaching

Video 12: Different Approaches to Language Teaching

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L2JaADcWegA

Activity

Video 13: Jack Richards on the Different Approaches and Methods to Language Teaching

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5r-DRmN42fE

What is ESL?

Teaching ESL in the Philippines

HOW IS TEACHING ESL IN THE PHILIPPINES SIMILAR AND DIFFERENT FROM OTHER COUNTRIES?

WHAT ARE CURRENT TRENDS IN TEACHING ESL IN THE PHILIPPINES?

Video 14: Real World English in the Philippines

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4wfctiJGZ6Y

Video 15: Language Learning Strategies

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Zj_bEFZMT0

Thank youCOMPLETE LIST OF REFERENCES TO BE GIVEN IN CLASS.

VIDEOS, TEXTS, IMAGES USED IN THIS PRESENTATION ARE USED SOLELY FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSES. NO COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT INTENDED.