FILMThe First Revolution

By:Nurul Amirah Bt Amizan

Nur Musfirah Bt Ahmad JamuliNurhidayah Adilla Bt Abdul Rahman

Wan Madihah Bt Wan Moktar

Mr Shukri Nordin

Powerpoint by Nurul Amirah Amizan is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

FILM

•Movie, motion picture or photoplay

Motion Picture

•First electric-driven instructional technologies that was projected to revolutionise teaching •Offered teacher NEW teaching aid

How Films developed from early 19th Century

to late 19th century

Emergence of Albeit-silent educational film industry

1910-1929

US

EUROPE

BELL AND HOWELL

VICTOR ANIMATOGRAPH

EDISON FILM LIBRARY

PATHESCOPE COMPANY

KODAK EASTMAN

FOX FILMS

HOWEVER…

The Great Depression1920

Sound movie was introduced

Documentary that does not tied to the curriculum

1920-1930

Many education authorities created audiovisual unit

1930

1950-1960

Challenges

Need darkened room

Heavy and cumbersome

Expensive

Manually threaded

Teachers could not create their own

lesson

Difficulties to show a part of the film

The perception of teachers

FILM AS TEACHER USAGE

IN CLASSROOM

Very limited

Vary the teacher’s style of teaching

Entertainment tool

The film used in classroom

was minuscule

“After almost forty years of experience with motion pictures in schools the evidence , flawed as it is , suggests most teachers used films infrequently in classrooms”

(Cuban,1986,p.17)

So, what makes film applicable as

teaching aid?

Before the computer software

existed …….

Associated camera

Sound projector

Editing equipment

How to support the Film

Industry as Educational

Tool?

Wholeheartedly embracing the technology

1

School gives more consideration in using film as tool

2

Moving picture industry to

‘provide’ film for schools

3

REFERENCESLee, M., & Winzenried, A. (2009). The use of

instructional technology in schools lessons to be learned. Camberwell, Vic.: ACER Press.