Post on 14-Apr-2018
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GCSE HISTORY
EXAMBUSTING
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Questions that ask you to
TEST THE USEFULNESS OF SOURCES
Tip - All sources are useful but exam questions ask youwhether a source is useful for a particularpurpose. So
your first task is to ask yourself what it tells you aboutthat purpose.
Tip - Secondly ask yourself how reliable the source is. Do aNOP test on the source.
Tip - You need to look at reliability in the context of thepurpose. Just because a source is unreliable, dontdismiss it. A speech by Hitler may be very biased butif you are asked if it tells you about Hitlers views, itmight be very useful.
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Questions that ask you to
TEST THE USEFULNESS OF SOURCES
Question:
Which of sources A and B is more useful for finding outabout advances in surgery in wartime? Explain your choice.
Now read the 2 sources. For each, jot down notes about:
What does it tell you about advances in surgery in wartime?
Is it reliable?
Remember you are not being asked about usefulness ingeneral. You are asked about usefulness for a particular
purpose. What purpose?
Question:
Which of sources A and B is more useful for finding outabout advances in surgery in wartime? Explain your choice.
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Questions that ask you to
TEST THE USEFULNESS OF SOURCESSOURCE A
Edmonds was placed in the bed next to mine. He had been
trapped in the aircraft when it turned over and burst into flames.
He fried for several minutes before they dragged him out.When he was first brought to Archie McIndoe he was
unrecognisable. Never once did Edwards complain although it
would take years to build him a new face. Three days after the
operation to replace his eyelids, I noticed a dribble from underthe dressings of this eyes. It was the blood-poisoning
streptococcus germ at work again.
The Last Enemy by Richard Hilary, a 2nd World War fighter
pilot who was also treated by McIndoe. Published 1950.
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Questions that ask you to
TEST THE USEFULNESS OF SOURCESSOURCE B
The new weapons of the 1st World War caused horrific facial
injuries. To deal with these, Harold Delf Gillies set up a jaw
and plastic surgery unit in Aldershot. Shortly after the 2nd WorldWar began, Archie McIndoe, consultant in plastic surgery in the
RAF, founded a unit at the hospital in East Grinstead. The
Battle of Britain in 1940 brought McIndoe some 4,000 young
men with new injuries terrible burns to the face and handsfrom the high octane fuel that had caught fire. It often took
several operations to rebuild a face.
A History of Medicine by Nancy Dunn, a historian, and Jenny
Dunn, a doctor. Published 1992.
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Questions that ask you to
TEST THE USEFULNESS OF SOURCES
Level 1: Describes what is in the sources. No comparisons.
(1-3 marks)
Level 2: Comments on reliability of sources. Bottom of level
if source rejected. (4-6 marks)
Level 3: Uses comments on reliability of the sources to make
comparisons of usefulness. (7-9 marks)
Which of sources A and B is more useful for finding outabout advances in surgery in wartime? Explain your choice.
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Questions that ask you to
TEST THE USEFULNESS OF SOURCES
Now mark these 3 answers.
Which of sources A and B is more useful for finding outabout advances in surgery in wartime? Explain your choice.
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Questions that ask you to
TEST THE USEFULNESS OF SOURCESSource A tells us how people were treated for burns by McIndoe. He carried out operations
to rebuild peoples faces after their planes caught fire after crashing. We learn that not all his
operations were successful. Source B tells us who did plastic surgery in both wars. We learn
that there were 4,000 pilots who suffered burns in the Battle of Britain and it took several
operations to rebuild a damaged face.
Level 1: Describes what is in the sources. No comparisons. (1-3 marks)
Level 2: Comments on reliability of sources. Bottom of level if source rejected. (4-6
marks)
Level 3: Uses comments on reliability of the sources to make comparisons of usefulness.
(7-9 marks)
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Questions that ask you to
TEST THE USEFULNESS OF SOURCESBoth sources have their uses but both present problems. Source A is not very useful because
it only describes one patient. Hilary was one ofMcIndoes patients so may be biased in his
favour. Source B is a secondary source but the authors will have researched the topic. One is
a historian and one a doctor so between them they are likely to get things right. Source B
tells us that plastic surgery began in the 1st World War and gives reasons and figures for the
2nd World War. It is therefore more useful than source A for finding out about advances in
surgery in wartime.
Level 1: Describes what is in the sources. No comparisons. (1-3 marks)
Level 2: Comments on reliability of sources. Bottom of level if source rejected. (4-6
marks)
Level 3: Uses comments on reliability of the sources to make comparisons of usefulness.(7-9 marks)
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Questions that ask you to
TEST THE USEFULNESS OF SOURCESNeither of these sources is really much use in telling us about advances in surgery in wartime.
Source A was written 10 years after the events and the author could have remembered them
wrongly. It only tells us about one operation. He was bound to feel grateful to a man who
treated him. Source B was written 50 years later by people who were not there at the time.
In finding out about surgery in wartime, they could have made all sorts of mistakes.
Level 1: Describes what is in the sources. No comparisons. (1-3 marks)
Level 2: Comments on reliability of sources. Bottom of level if source rejected. (4-6
marks)
Level 3: Uses comments on reliability of the sources to make comparisons of usefulness.(7-9 marks)
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Questions that ask you to
TEST THE USEFULNESS OF SOURCES
Question:
How useful is this source to an historian studying 19th centuryattitudes to anaesthetics? Explain your answer.
Now read the source and think about:
What does it tell you about attitudes to anaesthetics?
Is it reliable?
Are you clear about the purpose?
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Questions that ask you to
TEST THE USEFULNESS OF SOURCESSOURCE A
In years to come, those who follow us will look back with
sadness on those doctors today who believe in the need for pain
in surgical operations. They will marvel at the idea of kind menbelieving that the terrible agonies they inflict should be endured
and not avoided. It will seem impossible that they would prefer
to operate on patients while still awake instead of under
anaesthetic. All pain is destructive and even fatal.
Extract from a report by Dr James Simpson, December 1847.
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Questions that ask you to
TEST THE USEFULNESS OF SOURCES
Have a go at writing an answer. 10 minutes allowed.
How useful is this source to an historian studying 19th
century attitudes to anaesthetics? Explain your answer.
(7 marks).
Exchange papers and use the mark scheme to mark your
partners answer.
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Questions that ask you to
TEST THE USEFULNESS OF SOURCES
Level 1: Takes source at face value for its content. (1-2
marks)
Level 2: Comments on reliability, bias etc. (3-4 marks)
Level 3: Uses comments on reliability to make statements
about usefulness. (5-7 marks)
How useful is this source to an historian studying 19th
century attitudes to anaesthetics? Explain your answer.