Exam Busting 8

7/30/2019 Exam Busting 8

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GCSE HISTORY

EXAMBUSTING


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Questions that ask you to

TEST THE USEFULNESS OF SOURCES

Tip - All sources are useful but exam questions ask youwhether a source is useful for a particularpurpose. So

your first task is to ask yourself what it tells you aboutthat purpose.

Tip - Secondly ask yourself how reliable the source is. Do aNOP test on the source.

Tip - You need to look at reliability in the context of thepurpose. Just because a source is unreliable, dontdismiss it. A speech by Hitler may be very biased butif you are asked if it tells you about Hitlers views, itmight be very useful.


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Question:

Which of sources A and B is more useful for finding outabout advances in surgery in wartime? Explain your choice.

Now read the 2 sources. For each, jot down notes about:

What does it tell you about advances in surgery in wartime?

Is it reliable?

Remember you are not being asked about usefulness ingeneral. You are asked about usefulness for a particular

purpose. What purpose?

Question:



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TEST THE USEFULNESS OF SOURCESSOURCE A

Edmonds was placed in the bed next to mine. He had been

trapped in the aircraft when it turned over and burst into flames.

He fried for several minutes before they dragged him out.When he was first brought to Archie McIndoe he was

unrecognisable. Never once did Edwards complain although it

would take years to build him a new face. Three days after the

operation to replace his eyelids, I noticed a dribble from underthe dressings of this eyes. It was the blood-poisoning

streptococcus germ at work again.

The Last Enemy by Richard Hilary, a 2nd World War fighter

pilot who was also treated by McIndoe. Published 1950.


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TEST THE USEFULNESS OF SOURCESSOURCE B

The new weapons of the 1st World War caused horrific facial

injuries. To deal with these, Harold Delf Gillies set up a jaw

and plastic surgery unit in Aldershot. Shortly after the 2nd WorldWar began, Archie McIndoe, consultant in plastic surgery in the

RAF, founded a unit at the hospital in East Grinstead. The

Battle of Britain in 1940 brought McIndoe some 4,000 young

men with new injuries terrible burns to the face and handsfrom the high octane fuel that had caught fire. It often took

several operations to rebuild a face.

A History of Medicine by Nancy Dunn, a historian, and Jenny

Dunn, a doctor. Published 1992.


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Level 1: Describes what is in the sources. No comparisons.

(1-3 marks)

Level 2: Comments on reliability of sources. Bottom of level

if source rejected. (4-6 marks)

Level 3: Uses comments on reliability of the sources to make

comparisons of usefulness. (7-9 marks)



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Now mark these 3 answers.



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TEST THE USEFULNESS OF SOURCESSource A tells us how people were treated for burns by McIndoe. He carried out operations

to rebuild peoples faces after their planes caught fire after crashing. We learn that not all his

operations were successful. Source B tells us who did plastic surgery in both wars. We learn

that there were 4,000 pilots who suffered burns in the Battle of Britain and it took several

operations to rebuild a damaged face.

Level 1: Describes what is in the sources. No comparisons. (1-3 marks)

Level 2: Comments on reliability of sources. Bottom of level if source rejected. (4-6

marks)

Level 3: Uses comments on reliability of the sources to make comparisons of usefulness.

(7-9 marks)


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TEST THE USEFULNESS OF SOURCESBoth sources have their uses but both present problems. Source A is not very useful because

it only describes one patient. Hilary was one ofMcIndoes patients so may be biased in his

favour. Source B is a secondary source but the authors will have researched the topic. One is

a historian and one a doctor so between them they are likely to get things right. Source B

tells us that plastic surgery began in the 1st World War and gives reasons and figures for the

2nd World War. It is therefore more useful than source A for finding out about advances in

surgery in wartime.



marks)

Level 3: Uses comments on reliability of the sources to make comparisons of usefulness.(7-9 marks)


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TEST THE USEFULNESS OF SOURCESNeither of these sources is really much use in telling us about advances in surgery in wartime.

Source A was written 10 years after the events and the author could have remembered them

wrongly. It only tells us about one operation. He was bound to feel grateful to a man who

treated him. Source B was written 50 years later by people who were not there at the time.

In finding out about surgery in wartime, they could have made all sorts of mistakes.



marks)

Level 3: Uses comments on reliability of the sources to make comparisons of usefulness.(7-9 marks)


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Question:

How useful is this source to an historian studying 19th centuryattitudes to anaesthetics? Explain your answer.

Now read the source and think about:

What does it tell you about attitudes to anaesthetics?

Is it reliable?

Are you clear about the purpose?


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TEST THE USEFULNESS OF SOURCESSOURCE A

In years to come, those who follow us will look back with

sadness on those doctors today who believe in the need for pain

in surgical operations. They will marvel at the idea of kind menbelieving that the terrible agonies they inflict should be endured

and not avoided. It will seem impossible that they would prefer

to operate on patients while still awake instead of under

anaesthetic. All pain is destructive and even fatal.

Extract from a report by Dr James Simpson, December 1847.


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Have a go at writing an answer. 10 minutes allowed.

How useful is this source to an historian studying 19th

century attitudes to anaesthetics? Explain your answer.

(7 marks).

Exchange papers and use the mark scheme to mark your

partners answer.


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Level 1: Takes source at face value for its content. (1-2

marks)

Level 2: Comments on reliability, bias etc. (3-4 marks)

Level 3: Uses comments on reliability to make statements

about usefulness. (5-7 marks)

How useful is this source to an historian studying 19th

century attitudes to anaesthetics? Explain your answer.

Exam Busting 8

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