Post on 17-Dec-2015
Escape Conditioning
• Removal of aversive stimuli after response, increases likelihood of response
• Negative Reinforcement• Aversive stimulus must be present
for desired response to occur• Preparatory training for Avoidance
Conditioning
Avoidance Conditioning
• Behavior will increase in frequency if it prevents an aversive stimulus from occurring
• Prevents an aversive stimulus from occurring
Discriminated Avoidance Conditioning
• Includes a warning signal of forthcoming aversive stimulus– Conditioned aversive stimulus –
warning stimulus
• The aversive stimulus becomes the conditioned punisher after warning
Pitfall of Escape and Avoidance Conditioning
• Undesirable behavior may be strengthened
• Inadvertent establishment of conditioned aversive stimuli– Individual responds by avoiding or
escaping them
• Maintains undesirable behaviors of the teacher or other caregivers
Guidelines for the Effective Application
• Avoidance procedure preferable over escape procedure
• Target behavior should be established by escape conditioning before it is put on an avoidance procedure
• Use warning signal to signal impending aversive stimulus during avoidance conditioning
• Use escape and avoidance conditioning cautiously
• Use positive reinforcement in conjunction with escape and avoidance conditioning
• Individuals should be told about the contingencies