Effects of Psychological Factors on Sports Training and Sports

Performance

B TEC LEVEL 2

Carlos Munoz

Session aims

• To describe and explain the effects of psychological factors on sports training and performance

Motivation

Question 1. What is motivation and how does it affect the performance in sport, think of as many reasons as you can that motivate an athlete (4 minutes)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kZlXWp6vFdE&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8BrACzPtOOY

Motivation

A state of mind that affects performance

Arousal

Anxiety

Personality

Psychological Factors to consider

Motivation defined

‘Motivation is a stimulus for a sports person to continue training and competing in their

chosen sport’

Types of motivation

• Task 1. Discuss in pairs what the 2 different types of motivation are?

The Intrinsic Types of Motivation

Intrinsic motivation• Behaviour is chosen for the

pleasure of participation

• Behaviour provides its own satisfaction

• There is no reward outside participation in the activity

The Extrinsic Type of Motivation

Extrinsic motivation • Behaviour where the goal of

participation is outside the activity

• Behaviour in the activity is a means to an end rather than for the please of being involved. This can be in the form of trophy, money or praise

• Success is needed to ensure maximum results

POSTER TIME

• Write down the key facts about motivation on your poster (10 minutes)

Stress

Stress and sport

• Task 3; In pairs, write down the whether:– Does stress in sport have a positive or negative

impact on performance and why? – What are the 2 types of stress called? (8 minutes)

– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=drmBziMus9E

Arousal and anxiety

Arousal • A positive aspect of stress

and shows how motivated we are by a situation

• The greater the level of arousal the more excited we are by a situation

Anxiety • A negative aspect of stress,

and it may accompany high levels of arousal

• It is not pleasant to be anxious and to experience feelings of nervousness and worry

Arousal and anxiety

• Task 5. In pairs, quickly draw a graph showing the relationship between arousal levels and performance levels (5 minutes)

AROUSAL AS AN ENEMY

Arousal can be an enemy in sports where the individual requires an ability to stay calm and to be precise

• Snooker•Darts•Archery •

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YAzVVi7dJ-U&feature=related

AROUSAL AS A FRIEND

Arousal levels can be seen as being really helpful in sports that are strength related.

• Weightlifting • Wrestling

•http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mi6kfdwNDKw&feature=related

POSTER TIME

• Write down the key facts about stress on your poster (10 minutes)

• Discuss what you think personality in sport is how that affects the sport you choose and how you behave?

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FFYnn9r_8ek

Personality

• Personality 'A blend of psychological characteristics that make individuals unique'. (Weinberg & Gould, 1995)

• Personality is a collection of emotion, thought, and behaviour patterns unique to a person(worddiq.com)

Introvert and Extrovert Personality

• In sport there are 2 types of personalities, athletes

• Task 7; In pairs, write down at least 10 adjectives that you can think of for – Introvert personality – Extrovert personality

Introvert and Extrovert Personality Traits

Introvert Personality (Type B) • Quiet• Peaceful • Calm • Relaxed • Easy going • Laid back • Unsociable • Shy • Thoughtful• Controlled • Reserved

Extrovert Personality (Type A)• Loud • Noisy • Aggressive • Lively • Leaders • Sociable • Uncontrolled • Touchy • Sensitive • Energetic • Stressful

Are you Type A or Type B? • Task 7. 1. Look at page 18, and answer the statements giving a score 1

to 7 2. On a piece of paper decide whether your partner is

1. Extreme type A 2. Type A 3. Combination of type A and B4. Extreme Type B

3. Share your scores

Personality Scores• 21 – 59 means you have a type B personality. You are relaxed and

contented and deal well with stress. You enjoy life and are happy with what you have

• 60 – 79 means you have type A/B personality. You have a mixture of both personality types and this is often a good balance

• 80 – 109 means you have a type A personality. You are driven, competitive and need to succeed. You also like to experience stress and changes in mood. You may have a quick temper and get angry easily

• 110 – 140 means you are an extreme type A personality. This means you are very likely to experience stress and it may affect your health

POSTER TIME

• Write down the key facts about personality on your poster (10 minutes)

• What is concentration in sport?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l-OhYAtK6to&feature=related

Concentration

• Concentration is the ability of a sports performer to process information and maintain focus

• The demand for concentration varies with the sport:– Sustained concentration – give examples – Short bursts of concentration – give examples – Intense concentration – give examples

Focusing on information

• When there are lots of things happening an athlete needs an ability to process the important information to succeed

Concentration in Golf • Where is the whole • The whole in relation to the green • The lay of the land between the ball

and the whole • Any water, rough or bunkers• Wind and rain • Hardness and softness of grass • Spectators • Opponents • Wildlife • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=foL

HqBKiyXI

POSTER TIME

• Write down the key facts about concentration on your poster (10 minutes)