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Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Alan Brinkley, Alan Brinkley, AMERICAN HISTORY 12/eAMERICAN HISTORY 12/e
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of The Meeting of CulturesCultures
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
America Before Columbus America Before Columbus – The Civilizations of the SouthThe Civilizations of the South
Incas, Mayans, Incas, Mayans, and Aztecs and Aztecs
The Mayan Pyramid of Kukulkan (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
How the Early North Americans Lived
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
America Before Columbus America Before Columbus – The Civilizations of the NorthThe Civilizations of the North
Complex and Varied Civilizations Complex and Varied Civilizations
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Iroquois Women (Library of Congress)
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
America Before Columbus America Before Columbus – The Civilizations of The Civilizations of the Norththe North
Complex and Complex and Varied Civilizations Varied Civilizations Mobile Societies Mobile Societies
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Secotan Village, 1585 (Library of Congress)
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
America Before Columbus America Before Columbus – Tribal CulturesTribal Cultures
Agricultural RevolutionAgricultural Revolution
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Marco Polo leaves for the Far East (Bibliothèque Nationale de France)
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – Commerce and NationalismCommerce and Nationalism
A Reawakening of CommerceA Reawakening of Commerce
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – Commerce and NationalismCommerce and Nationalism
A Reawakening of CommerceA Reawakening of Commerce Centralized Nation-StatesCentralized Nation-States
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – Commerce and NationalismCommerce and Nationalism
A Reawakening of CommerceA Reawakening of Commerce Centralized Nation-StatesCentralized Nation-States Prince Henry the NavigatorPrince Henry the Navigator
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – Christopher ColumbusChristopher Columbus
Columbus’s First VoyageColumbus’s First Voyage
Christopher Columbus
(Library of Congress)
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – Christopher ColumbusChristopher Columbus
Columbus’s First VoyageColumbus’s First Voyage Religious Motives Religious Motives for Explorationfor Exploration
Christopher Columbus
(Library of Congress)
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – Christopher ColumbusChristopher Columbus
Columbus’s First VoyageColumbus’s First Voyage Religious Motives for ExplorationReligious Motives for Exploration Ferdinand MagellanFerdinand Magellan
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
European Exploration and Conquest, 1492-1583
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – The ConquistadoresThe Conquistadores
CortCortéés Conquers s Conquers the Aztecsthe Aztecs
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – The ConquistadoresThe Conquistadores
CortCortéés Conquers s Conquers the Aztecsthe Aztecs Brutality and Greed Brutality and Greed
European Exploration and Conquest, 1492-1583
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – Spanish AmericaSpanish America
Ordinances of Ordinances of Discovery Discovery
Spanish America
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – Spanish AmericaSpanish America
Ordinances of Ordinances of Discovery Discovery Catholic MissionsCatholic Missions
Spanish America
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – Northern OutpostsNorthern Outposts
St. AugustineSt. Augustine
St. Augustine – Promontory of Florida, 1565 (LoC)
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – Northern OutpostsNorthern Outposts
St. AugustineSt. Augustine Pueblo Revolt of 1680Pueblo Revolt of 1680
Pueblo Ruins in New Mexico (CORBIS / Royalty-Free)
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – The Empire at High TideThe Empire at High Tide
Spain’s Vast EmpireSpain’s Vast Empire
Mexico, California, and Florida, 1600 (Royalty-Free / CORBIS)
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – The Empire at High TideThe Empire at High Tide
Spain’s Vast EmpireSpain’s Vast Empire Rigid Royal Rigid Royal ControlControl
De Soto in North America (Rare Books Division, Library of Congress)
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – The Empire at High TideThe Empire at High Tide
Spain’s Vast EmpireSpain’s Vast Empire Rigid Royal Rigid Royal ControlControl A Collision of A Collision of CulturesCultures
De Soto in North America (Rare Books Division, Library of Congress)
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – Biological and Cultural ExchangesBiological and Cultural Exchanges
Increasing Levels of ExchangeIncreasing Levels of Exchange
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – Biological and Cultural ExchangesBiological and Cultural Exchanges
Increasing Levels of ExchangeIncreasing Levels of Exchange Demographic CatastropheDemographic Catastrophe
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – Biological and Cultural ExchangesBiological and Cultural Exchanges
Increasing Levels of ExchangeIncreasing Levels of Exchange Demographic CatastropheDemographic Catastrophe Deliberate Subjugation and Deliberate Subjugation and
ExterminationExtermination
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – Biological and Cultural ExchangesBiological and Cultural Exchanges
Increasing Levels of ExchangeIncreasing Levels of Exchange Demographic CatastropheDemographic Catastrophe Deliberate Subjugation and Deliberate Subjugation and
ExterminationExtermination New Crops and Agricultural New Crops and Agricultural
TechniquesTechniques
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – Biological and Cultural ExchangesBiological and Cultural Exchanges
Increasing Levels of ExchangeIncreasing Levels of Exchange Demographic CatastropheDemographic Catastrophe Deliberate Subjugation and Deliberate Subjugation and
ExterminationExtermination New Crops and Agricultural New Crops and Agricultural
TechniquesTechniques A Complex Racial HierarchyA Complex Racial Hierarchy
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – Biological and Cultural ExchangesBiological and Cultural Exchanges
Increasing Levels of ExchangeIncreasing Levels of Exchange Demographic CatastropheDemographic Catastrophe Deliberate Subjugation and Deliberate Subjugation and
ExterminationExtermination New Crops and Agricultural TechniquesNew Crops and Agricultural Techniques A Complex Racial HierarchyA Complex Racial Hierarchy Reasons for IntermarriageReasons for Intermarriage
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – Biological and Cultural ExchangesBiological and Cultural Exchanges
Increasing Levels of ExchangeIncreasing Levels of Exchange Demographic CatastropheDemographic Catastrophe Deliberate Subjugation and Deliberate Subjugation and
ExterminationExtermination New Crops and Agricultural TechniquesNew Crops and Agricultural Techniques A Complex Racial HierarchyA Complex Racial Hierarchy Reasons for IntermarriageReasons for Intermarriage Varied Labor SystemsVaried Labor Systems
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – African and AmericaAfrican and America
Ghana and MaliGhana and Mali
Inset from Map of Africa and Americas (Library of Congress)
1633 Map of Atlantic (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – African and AmericaAfrican and America
Ghana and MaliGhana and Mali Benin, Congo, and SonghayBenin, Congo, and Songhay
1633 Map of Atlantic (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)
Inset from Map of Africa and Americas (Library of Congress)
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – African and AmericaAfrican and America
Ghana and MaliGhana and Mali Benin, Congo, and SonghayBenin, Congo, and Songhay Matrilineal SocietiesMatrilineal Societies
1633 Map of Atlantic (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Europe Looks Westward Europe Looks Westward – African and AmericaAfrican and America
Ghana and MaliGhana and Mali Benin, Congo, and SonghayBenin, Congo, and Songhay Matrilineal SocietiesMatrilineal Societies Growth of the Growth of the African Slave TradeAfrican Slave Trade
1633 Map of Atlantic (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English John Cabot John Cabot
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Wasdale Head, Cumbria, England(Royalty-Free / CORBIS)
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English– The Commercial IncentiveThe Commercial Incentive
The Enclosure Movement The Enclosure Movement
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English– The Commercial IncentiveThe Commercial Incentive
The Enclosure Movement The Enclosure Movement Chartered CompaniesChartered Companies
British East India Ship Roster, London, 1766 (Library of Congress)
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English– The Commercial IncentiveThe Commercial Incentive
The Enclosure Movement The Enclosure Movement Chartered CompaniesChartered Companies MercantilismMercantilism
British East India Ship Roster, London, 1766 (Library of Congress)
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English– The Commercial IncentiveThe Commercial Incentive
The Enclosure Movement The Enclosure Movement Chartered CompaniesChartered Companies MercantilismMercantilism Richard Hakluyt’s Argument Richard Hakluyt’s Argument
for Coloniesfor Colonies
British East India Ship Roster, London, 1766 (Library of Congress)
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
John Calvin (Portrait Gallery)
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English– The Religious IncentiveThe Religious Incentive
Doctrine of PredestinationDoctrine of Predestination
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Queen Elizabeth I (Portrait Gallery)
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English– The Religious IncentiveThe Religious Incentive
Doctrine of PredestinationDoctrine of Predestination The English ReformationThe English Reformation
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English– The Religious IncentiveThe Religious Incentive
Doctrine of PredestinationDoctrine of Predestination The English ReformationThe English Reformation Puritan SeparatistsPuritan Separatists
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English– The Religious IncentiveThe Religious Incentive
Doctrine of PredestinationDoctrine of Predestination The English ReformationThe English Reformation Puritan SeparatistsPuritan Separatists Puritan DiscontentPuritan Discontent
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English– The English in IrelandThe English in Ireland
Subjugation of IrelandSubjugation of Ireland
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English– The English in IrelandThe English in Ireland
Subjugation of IrelandSubjugation of Ireland The Plantation ModelThe Plantation Model
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English– The French and the Dutch in The French and the Dutch in
AmericaAmerica Coureurs de BoisCoureurs de Bois
A French Map of North America, 1656 (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English– The French and the Dutch in The French and the Dutch in
AmericaAmerica Coureurs de BoisCoureurs de Bois Henry HudsonHenry Hudson
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
New Amsterdam preacher (Library of Congress)
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English– The French and the Dutch in The French and the Dutch in
AmericaAmerica Coureurs de BoisCoureurs de Bois Henry HudsonHenry Hudson New AmsterdamNew Amsterdam
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English– The First English The First English SettlementsSettlements
The Spanish ArmadaThe Spanish Armada
A Galleon in Flames (The Palma Collection / Getty Images)
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English– The First English SettlementsThe First English Settlements
The Spanish ArmadaThe Spanish Armada Gilbert’s Expedition to NewfoundlandGilbert’s Expedition to Newfoundland
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English– RoanokeRoanoke
The First Roanoke ColonyThe First Roanoke Colony
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English– RoanokeRoanoke
The First Roanoke ColonyThe First Roanoke Colony New Colonial ChartersNew Colonial Charters
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
America in the World: America in the World: The Atlantic Context of The Atlantic Context of Early American HistoryEarly American History
1587 Map of the Americas (Fototeca Storica Nazionale / Getty Images )
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Where Historians Disagree: Where Historians Disagree: Why Do Historians So Often Why Do Historians So Often Differ?Differ?
Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter One: Chapter One: The Meeting of CulturesThe Meeting of Cultures
Where Historians Disagree: Where Historians Disagree: The American Population The American Population Before ColumbusBefore Columbus
The Mayan Pyramid of Kukulkan (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)