COMMUNITY BASED SANITATION

A demand-responsive approach and participative set of strategies,

technologies, and organizing-mobilizing tools for improving health and

environment of low income urban communities through provision of appropriate sanitation services.

GOAL:To improved hygiene behavior and

sanitation infrastructure in a sustainable manner in specific, poor and densely

populated areas.

BORDA

BENEFITS OF CBSImproved Livelihood

It will improve the livelihood and health especially mother and children

Protecting clean water resourcesThe treatment options will reduce the pollution load of groundwater and rivers

Innovative potentialFills the gap between problematic on-site solutions and costly centralized system

BORDA

BENEFITS OF CBSEfficiency-time

Less than 12 months are anticipated for planning and implementing CBS system

Efficiency-costInvestment as well as operation and maintenance of CBS options are low

Sustainability of technical optionsTechnical options are simple, proven and tested

BORDA

CBS FILLS THE GAP

COST

CONVENIENCE

Conventional centralized system Conventional centralized system

OnOn--site Sanitation site Sanitation SystemsSystems

Community Based Community Based SanitationSanitation

CBS FILLS THE GAPTraining and capacity building

Stakeholders are trained to plan, implement and manage CBS independently

Informed choiceCommunities choose their own CBS after being informed by qualified experts

BORDA

IMPLEMENTATION STEPS

Preparation of implementation optionsSelection of municipalitiesSelection of communitiesCommunity action planCBS constructionCBS operation and maintenance

BORDA

Municipality Selection

Community Selection

Community Action Plan

CBS Construction

CBS

O&M

Preparation

PREPARATION OF IMPLEMENTATION

Resources are prepared:Project materialsScheduleResponsibilities assigned

Private, government and agenciesHold meeting, introduce programAssess commitments and contributionsIdentify contact persons among others

BORDA

BORDA

SELECTION OF MUNICIPALITIES

Criteria for eligible municipality:

Densely populated areaHave budget allocation for CBSWilling to provide contribution to the program (staff, time, money, etc.)Submitted intent of letter to implement CBSBORDA

SELECTION OF COMMUNITY

The eligible communities form the LONG LIST which according to the following:

Gained from expression of interest through lettersCity report on slums development programPoverty eradication programDesk study using some parameters

BORDA

SELECTION OF COMMUNITY

Criteria for SHORT LIST after screened from long list

Poor urban neighborhoodCommitted to plan, implement and manage CBSBudget allocation of the local government where the community belongLetter of intent

BORDA

COMMUNITY ACTION PLAN

Next step after the RPA (rapid participatory appraisal is tallied and finalizedStage where the community shall be provided with sanitation optionsSite shall be identifiedContribution from each household determinedBORDA

CBS CONSTRUCTION

The appropriate sanitation facility option chosen by the community shall be designedProject proposal shall be preparedDED (detailed engineering design) shall be prepared after the approval of the community and stakeholders Training of the community on health and sanitation

BORDA

CBS OPERATION & MAINTENACE

The identified operator/s shall be trained on the operation and maintenance of the system

BORDA

Sanitation OptionsSIMPLIFIED COMMUNITY SEWERAGESHARED SEPTIC TANKS

COMMUNITY SANITATION CENTER

Shared Septic Tank

Community Sanitation Centre

Simplified Community Sewerage

DEWATS TECHNOLOGY

Modular, standardizedand custom-designedstate-of-art technology which is efficient, reliable and available at an affordable price.

DEWATS Philosophies

What is not maintained, it does not have to be built

Resource Recovery

Custom-designed

DEWATS Module; Biogas Digester

Air-tight plastered fixed dome plantUsed as separate settling/ digestion unit for wastewater with high organic load

N.G.L.

Source of renewable energyUsed for highly organic wastewater disposed frompiggeries, slaughterhouses, & food industries.

DEWATS Module; Settler

Simple and durable one/two chamber systemUsed as settling or sedimentation unit and for sludge stabilization

Used for wastewater ofsettleable solids; domesticReq. space 1 sqm/1 cumwastewater disposedUnderground constructed

DEWATS Module; Anaerobic Baffled Reactor

Simple and durable one/two chamber systemUnderground constructed ed as settling or sedimentation unit and for sludge stabilization

Used for pre-settled domestic and industrial wastewater ofnarrow COD/BOD ratio; suitablefor strong wastewaterSpace req. 1 sqm/1 cum wastewater disposed

DEWATS Module; Anaerobic Filter

Anaerobic degradation of suspended and dissolved solids through intensified contact with beneficial bacteria on the fixed bed media

Used for pre-treated domestic and industrial wastewater ofnarrow COD/BOD ratioSpace req. 1 sqm/1 cumUnderground constructed

DEWATS Module; Planted Gravel Filter

Aerobic-facultative-anaerobic degradation of dissolved and fine suspended solids; pathogen removalUsed for pre-treated domestic and weak industrial wastewater

Advanced treatment and furtherreduction of organic load throughincreased oxygen supply from roots of plants and from the airSpace req. 5 sqm/1 cumwastewater disposed

DEWATS Module; Aerobic Ponds

Advanced treatment and further reduction of organic load through aerobic degradation

Pathogen removalUsed for pre-treated wastewaterfrom domestic and industrial sources

IMPLEMENTATION STEPSInformation Dissemination

Potential clients are informed about problems & issues of poor sanitation and the rationale of wastewater management, advantages and disadvantages of conventional WWTS and DEWATS.

Community Participatory Appraisal Community consultation, education, planning and decision making. Participatory data gathering with the community.

Feasibility studies 2-3 days on-site surveys carried out by DEWATS experts on-demand to collect first hand information about all technical, social and legal nature to prepare preliminary design and cost plan.

Implementation Steps…cont.Detailed Engineering Design

DED and Detailed Cost Estimate are prepared according to specific local requirements based on the partly standardised DEWATS modules. 4-6 weeks required for preparation.

Construction & SupervisionProper supervision by DEWATS experts ensures high quality construction and guarantees a functioning system. Depending on size, construction period can be within 2-4 months.

Participatory, Monitoring, & TrainingDEWATS project is responsible for participatory monitoring and training on operation and maintenance of the treatment system for a guaranteed period of 12 months.

WHY DEWATS?

AffordableLow operation and maintenance costResource recovery through re-use of treated wastewater for gardening, flushing, and agricultureResource recovery through use of gasTreated wastewater meets requested discharge standardReduce surplus sludge production (only 10% compared to aerobic system)BORDA

WHY DEWATS?...continuation

Non-dependency on energy (electricity)Compatible with local materials and methods

BORDA

BORDA BNS-BORDA Coordination OfficeU103 Minnesota Mansion, 267 Ermin Garcia Street,

1109 Cubao, Quezon City, PhilippinesTelefax: +63 (2) 913- 0806

Email: Philippines@borda.de Website: www.borda.de