Post on 07-May-2015
description
Climate-smart agriculture:global experience and the African context
Sonja VermeulenHead of Research
CGIAR Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security
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Outline
1. Concept: What is climate-smart agriculture?
2. Practice: Can we implement climate-smart agriculture at scale, globally and in Africa?
3. Opportunities: How can Africa lead the science and practice of climate-smart agriculture?
Concept: What is climate-smart agriculture?
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Food security
Adaptation Environmental footprint
US Malawi0
5
10
15
20
25
GHG CO2-eq tonne per capita
What is “climate-smart agriculture”?
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http://www.climatesmartagriculture.org
FAO (2010). CSA is ‘agriculture that sustainably increases productivity, resilience (adaptation), reduces/removes GHGs (mitigation), and enhances achievement of national food security and development goals.’
Guidance on CSA principles and practices
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Farm and community:climate-smartpractices, institutions
Global: climate models, international agreements, finance
Climate-smart agriculture happens at multiple levels
National and regional:enabling policies, extension, support, research, finance
Practice: Can we implement climate-smart agriculture at scale, globally and in Africa?
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TanzaniaCommunities managing
4.12 million ha of forestNiger
200 million trees
2.5 million people
IndiaAgromet Advisory Services
reach over 2.5 million farmers
VietnamRice intensification by
1 million farmers
Ethiopia
8 million people in productive safety nets, inc. building natural assets
Brazil:Reduce GHGs by
> 160 million tons CO2e annually
Morocco:
63.5 million tons CO2e saved over 20 years
IndiaWeather-based crop
Insurance > 9 million Indian farmers
40 crops 9.5 million hectares
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Upfront costs often substantialBrazil: US$ 250 million over two yearsMorocco: over US$ 1 billion per annumVietnam: US$ 500 million in 2011
Strong government support is crucial
Policy support, e.g. secure land and resource tenure Strategies for scaling-up Institutional frameworks Funding
CAADP e.g. Maputo commitments, African Regional Strategy on
Disaster Risk Reduction
UNFCC e.g. Green Climate Fund, Least Developed Countries Fund,
Adaptation Fund
Multi-lateral e.g. IFAD Adaptation for Smallholder Agriculture Program, G8 Global
Agriculture & Food Security Program
Some private finance e.g. supply chain security, carbon markets, corporate
social responsibility
Opportunities: How can Africa lead the science and practice of climate-smart
agriculture?
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Regional Climate Outlook Forums
Major programs like CORDEX, AMMA, WASCAL
Met services & researchers working at farmer level
1. Leadership in institutional supporte.g. climate information services
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• Finance• Land zoning• Governance• Markets
2. Coordinate agriculture & forestry to incentivise sustainable landscapes
e.g. COMIFAC (Commission des Fôrets d’Afrique
Centrale)
Africa Soil Atlas 2013
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3. Build innovation platformse.g. Agriculture & climate change
platforms initiated by CORAF/WECARD National think-tank teams for mainstreaming adaptation to climate
change in agricultural policies and strategies through knowledge sharing, information exchange and dissemination, and engagement of all stakeholders.
Four countries • Burkina Faso• Mali• Niger• Senegal
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4. Get African science into policye.g. Partnership of CCAFS with
COMESA, EAC, SADC & Africa Climate Policy Centre
Workshops and aggregation of scientific evidence as basis for joint submissions on agriculture to the UNFCCC
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5. Bring policy and science together to support
farmer-led innovations and options
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