Classification

1.2

How do you say “dog” in Chinese?

-gǒu How about in spanish?

-perroWhat about French?

-mohokoDoes anyone see where this could

be a problem in science???

I. What is classification?A. Classification- Organizing

similar organisms into groups

1. Classifying Classmates Demonstration (by hair color)

II. History of ClassificationA. Aristotle

1. 2000 years ago 2. Greek3. Made 2 Groups:

Plant or Animal

II. History of ClassificationB. Linnaeus

1. Late 18th century2. Swedish

3. Grouped organisms with similar structure

a. Ex: Plants with similar

flowers are grouped together

II. History of ClassificationC. Modern Day Methods

1.Groups based on:a. Similaritiesb. Hereditary information (DNA)c. Phylogeny – evolutionary history of an organism and how it has changed over time.

1) Known from fossils

III. Classification GroupsK iss

P eople

C arefully

O r

F ace

G etting

S lapped

K ingdomP hylumC lassO rderF amilyG enusS pecies

III. Classification Groups

A. Kingdoms are broke into 5 large groups:

B. See example poster

C. Monera (Prokaryotes)

1. Single Cell

2. No nucleus

D. Protist (Eukaryote)

1. Single cell

2. Has nucleus

III. Classification Groups

IV. Naming Organisms

A. Binomial nomenclature – two word naming system created by Linnaeus to name the various species.

1. Genus - first word that is a group of species

2. Species – second word describes the organism

3. Examples

Acer rubrum – maple tree

Acer saccharum sugar maple

IV. Naming Organisms

B. Reasons for using Scientific names

1. Avoid mistakes

2. Group organisms with similar evolutionary history

3. They are descriptive

IV. Naming Organisms

4. Allows scientists to organize information about species quickly and efficiently

IV. Naming Organisms

C. Tools for identifying organisms

1. Dichotomous keys

a. See “Classifying Crazy People” Worksheet

IV. Naming Organisms

1. Dichotomous keys

a. Detailed list of identifying characteristics

b. Characteristics are arranged in steps with 2 choices at each step

IV. Naming Organisms

IV. Naming Organisms

Let’s try identifying one of the bugs in the classroom!

• What is classsification?

• What did Aristotle do?

• What is the order of classification (hint: think kissing)?

• What is bionmial nomenclature?

• Penkeamos kylie…Name the genus & species

V. Recap

• Why would I want to use a dichotomus key?

V. Recap