Post on 22-Jan-2018
WEL COME
CULTIVATION PRACTICES OF
CHILLI
NAME :- TOKARE ANKUSH LAHANU
REG NO :- AMPU 100744
COLLEGE :- GOVINDRAOJI NIKAM COLLEGE
OF AGRICULTURE .
MODULE NAME :- VEGETABLE PRODUCTION
SUBJECT :- CULTIVATION PRACTICES OF
CHILLI.
Contents
INTRODUCTION
The chilli is a fruit of plants belongs to the family of “ Solanaceae” & genus of “Capsicum”.
The chilli is also being termed as “ChilliPepper” in many parts of world.
Chilli is one of the most valuable crops of India.
The crop is grown largely for its fruits all over the India.
It is used in India as a principle ingredient of various curries, and chutneys.
Chillies can also be grown successfully in Hydroponic system.
Botanical Name -
Capsicum Annum L.
(Fruits are long or small, but pungency is
high.)
Capsicum frutescence L.
(Large and inflated variety with very little
pungency.)
Family -
Solanaceous
Climate and Soil
Climate :-
The chili is a plant of tropical and sub -tropical region
-It grows well in warm and humid climate and a
temperature of 200 C to 250C.
Chilli requires a warm and humid climate for its best
growth and dry weather during the maturation of
fruits.
As a rained crop, it is grown in areas receiving an
annual precipitation of 25-30 inches.
Climate and Soil
Soil:-
Chilli can be grown in all type of soft but the sandy -
loam, clay loam and loam soil
Acidic soils are not suitable for chili cultivation.
The land is prepared by giving 2-3 ploughings and
clod crushing after each ploughing.
Compost or FYM @ 150-200 quintals should be
spread and mixed well in the soil at least 15-20 days
before sowing.
Seed treatment
Seed should not be treated with any
chemical fungicides or pesticides in chilli
farming
trichoderma & psuedomonas sp @ 10g/
kg
Nursery raising chilli
Fresh chilli seeds are sown in well prepared
nursery beds.
Although in can be sown by broadcast method
in the main field.
Transplanting method is preferred for better
quality to survival.
Seed germination time is 5 to 7 days.
40-5 days old seedlings are transplanted the
actual field
Nursery raised chilli plants
Sowing Time and Seed Rate
In case of chilli crop, for kharif it sown in May
- June and for summer crop, it is sown in the
month of January.
1/2 kg seed is required for 1 hectare area.
Layout & Spacing
• Ridges and furrow type of layout is used.
• Seedlings are raised on raised bed.
• Spacing for rained crops is 60 x 45 cm & for
irrigated crops is 60 x 60 cm.
Manures & Fertilizers
9 to 10 tones / hectare of FYM or compost is
applied at the time of field preparation.
In chilli for rained crop 50 kg N and 25 kg P
should be applied 1/2 dose of N full dose of P
applied at the time of transplanting.
Remaining Yi dose of N applied 30 days after
transplanting.
irrigated crop 100 kg N, 50kg P & 50 kg K should
be applied per hectare.
Fertilizers are applied in four equal doses.
Insect Pest 1) Chilli Thrips
2) Pod Borer
3) Aphids
Diseases
1) Damping Off
2) Bacterial Leaf Spot
3) Anthracnose
4) Leaf Curl
Improved Varieties
Kankan Kirti - It yields 12-14 tones per hectare of
green chilli (BSKKV, Dapoli)
Agnirekha - (MPKV, Rahuri)
Musahvadi - 1987 at the national level. village
Musahvadi, Dist. Ahmednagar (M.S.)
Phule Jyoti - It is released in 1995 for kharif season
(MPKV, Rahuri)
Pbiile Sai - It retains the colour in storage for 6-7
months (MPKV, Rahuri)
Irrigation
Chilli is grown both as rain fed and irrigated
crop.
First irrigation is given after the transplanting
and subsequent irrigations are given 5-7
days.
Every 10 to 15 days in winter.
The maintenance of uniform soil moisture is
essential to prevent blossom & fruit drops.
Flowers and /or flower bud abscission was
increased under short day (day length 12
hours) and high temperature 28 °C.
Interculture Operations
2-3 shallow hoeing should be given to the
soil to kill the weeds
provide soil mulch during early stages of
growth- Application of weedicides for
controlling the weeds
Lasso @ 1.5 litre per hectare with one
hand weeding or Tok-E 25@ 2 litres per
hectare with one hand weeding were
effective in controlling the weeds.
Harvesting and Yield
Harvesting
Chillies which are used for vegetable purposes are generally harvested while they are still green but full grown.
Chilli is highly perishable in nature, it requires more attention during harvest, should be done at the right stage of maturity.
Post harvesting Tasks :-
this can be done in 3 phases
1) Draying 2) Grading 3) Packing & Storage.
Green chilli
Fully riped chilli
Yield
The yield varies according to the system
of cultivation the yield of dry chillies of
rain fed crop is 200 – 400kg & irrigated
crop
The proportion of dry to fresh japed
chillies varies from 25- to 40 %.
www.agrifarming.com
www.google.com
www.agroinfo.in
www.dbskkv.org