Chilli thrips(RAKESH)
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Transcript of Chilli thrips(RAKESH)
WELCOME
CREDIT SEMINAR ON
CHILLI THRIPS
Presented By, RAKESH KR. MEENA
SAM HIGGINBOTTOM INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE, TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCES (Deemed to be University) ALLAHABAD-211007,U.P., INDIA
Scientific name : Scirtothrips dorsalis Order : Thysanoptera Family : Thripidae
Chilli Thrips
1. Introduction2. Economic Important3. Host range4. Area and Distribution5. Yield loss6. ETL7. Scientific Classification8. Marks of Identification9. Life cycle10. Nature of damage11. Vector12. Management
Content
Thrips cause serious economic losses in many agricultural
systems each year including vegetables and ornamentals.
Chilli thrips is a polyphagous pest.
Chilli thrips is a very small 0.5 to 1.2 mm.
Chilli thrips life cycle 4 stages-eggs, larvae, pupa, adult.
pale yellow-colored thrips that can be found feeding on
leaves, flowers and fruits.
Introduction
Both the adults and nymphs feed on leaf tissue
and suck the sap.
Thrips usually feed on the lower surface of leaves.
They are serious pest of chilli and can reduce
yield by 30-50%.
They are responsible for transmitting leaf curl
disease on chilli.
Economic Important
Chilli thrips is a polyphagous species.
It is a significant pest of chilli pepper, tomato,
mango, citrus, castor, bean, cotton, onion, and
other crops in tropical and subtropical regions of
Asia, Africa and Japan.
Minor Host - Okra, Cucumber, Water melon,
Pumpkin, Soybean, Bean, Mung bean, Brinjal.
Host range
Asia : Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia,
Japan, Malasia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Phillippines,
Sri Lanka, and Thailand.
Africa : South Africa.
North America : United States.
Oceania : Australia, Islands.
Area and Distribution
Contd…
FIGURE - Worldwide distribution of chilli thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood, as of September 2009.
Yield losses attributable to Scirtothrips dorsalis in
chilli have ranged from 20% to nearly 50%.
Yield loss
3 Nymphs or adult per leaf.
ETL : (Economic threshold level)
The level at which control measure should be
undertaken otherwise it will cause significant
economic loss.
ETL(Economic threshold level)
Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Arthropoda
Class : Insecta
Order : Thysanoptera
Family : Thripidae
Genus : Scirtothrips
Species : dorsalis
Scientific Classification
Marks of Identification
Eggs: Typically oval, whitish to
yellowish coloured.
Eggs are about 0.075mm long
and 0.070 mm wide, and are
inserted inside plant tissue.
Larvae : Two larval stages (first and second
instar) 6 to 7 days. The larvae are off-white in
colour.
Contd…
Contd…
1st Instars
First instar : transparent, body short, legs
longer, antennae short and seven segmented,
and cylindrical.
Second instar : Antennae longer, cylindrical,
seven-segmented, mouth longer.
Contd…
2nd Instars
Contd…
Pre-pupae : Yellowish, antennae short, two pair
of external wing.
The pre-pupal period is short(24 hours).
Pre pupa
Pupae : Dark yellow with eyes and ocelli red pigmentation, wing
buds are elongate, antennae short and reflected over head.
female pupae with longer pointed abdomen, males have a
smaller.
The pupal period 2 to 3 days.
Contd…
Pupal stage
Adult : Almost white on emergence, turning
yellowish with incomplete dark stripes on the
dorsal surface where the adjacent abdominal
segments meet.
Contd…
FemaleMale
Chilli Thrips (Mixed stages)
1st Instar
2nd Inster
Adult
The pest is active during the monsoon season. A female lay about 45 to 50 eggs inside the tissues
of the leaves and shoots. eggs hatch in 4-9 days. The larvae start feeding and larval period 4-6 days. Pupate at the depth of soil 25 mm. pupal stage 3-6
days. complete life cycle in 15-40 days. It has many generations in a year.
Life cycle
Contd…
Egg 2-4 days
1st instar 1-2 days
2nd instar 2-4 days
Prepupa 24 hours
Pupa 2-3 days
Adult 1 mm Total life cycle 15-40 days
Complete metamorphosis
Chilli thrips attacks all the above ground parts of its host plants.
Adult and nymphs of suck the cell sap of leaves buds and fruits.
Thrips piercing and sucking mouthparts. Chilli thrips create damaging feeding- deformed pepper fruits. Softening of fruits. discolorations of buds. rolling of the leaf upward. leaf size reduction. chilli leaf curl.
Nature of damage
Deformed pepper fruit
Pepper leaf curl
Scars on pepper
Premature falling of fruits (softening)
Vector
This species transmits Chilli leaf curl virus (CLCV)
Tobacco streak virus (TSV) in groundnut crops.
Watermelon silver mottle virus (WsMoV)
Melon yellow spot virus (MYSV)
Capsicum chlorosis virus (CaCV) in field crops.
1) Cultural Method : Deep ploughing to expose the pupa from soil. Summer soil solarization. Use nylon net in nursery to protect seedling from thrips infestation
and reduce leaf curl incidence.
2) Biological control : Predatory thrips : Scirtothrips indicus, pirate bugs.
3) Chemical control : Melathion 50EC @ 500ml/ha. Imidacloprid 17SL @ 6ml/ha. Spinosad 45 SC @ 0.015
Management
“Field efficacy of certain botanicals and chemical
insecticides against Chilli thrips on Chilli It was
concluded that among all the treatment Spinosad
0.015% also effective in managing chilli thrips
reduction. Recommended dose of chemicals and
botanicals may be useful in devising proper
integrated pest management against chilli thrips”.
Conclusion
Amin, B. W. (1979) Leaf fall disease of chilly and pepper in Maharashtra, India. Pans, 25: 131-134.
Amin, P. W., Reddy, D. V. R., Ghanekar, A. M. (1981). Transmission of tomato spotted wilt virus, the causal agent of bud necrosis of peanut, by Scirtothrips dorsalis and Frankliniella schultzei. Plant Disease 65: 663-665.
Ananthakrishnan TN. (1993). Bionomics of thrips. Annual Review of Entomology 38: 71-92.
Sanap, M. M. and R. N. Nawale. (1987). Chemical control of chilli thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Vegetable Science 14(2): 195-199.
References
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