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Analysis of
Contents of ColdDrinks
Done by:
KENIL PATEL
12th SCIENCE
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CHINMAYA INTERNATIONAL RESIDENTIAL
SCHOOL COIMBATORE
DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE
This is certifed as the Bonafde Record o Chemistry Project done
by …………………………………………… o class XII CBSE Re!ister
"o………………… d#rin! the session $%&'($%&) s#bmitted or the
*ISSCE Chemistry Practical E+amination held on ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
at Chinmaya International Residential School Coimbatore-
……………………… ……………………………………Teacher in char!e Si!nat#re o the Princi.al /01
Examiners:
Date ………………… E+ternal ……………………
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*I1
C21P*R*TI3E ST4D5 *"D
64*7IT*TI3E
*"*75SIS 28 DI88ERE"TBR*"DS 28 C27D DRI"9S
*3*I7*B7E I" 1*R9ET.
*C9"27ED;E1E"T
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It would be my utmost pleasure to express
my sincere thanks to y Chemistry !eacher
1s- Dee.a" in pro#iding a helping hand inthis pro$ect% Also I would like to thank P#jya
;#r#de< S=ami Chinmayananda for
showering his blessing" adam Principal
Smt- Shanti 9rishna 1#rthy"
&eadmistress Smt- >aya Ra<i Shan?ar" 1y
Parents and 7ab *ssistant% !heir #aluableguidance" support and super#ision all
through this pro$ect titled @Determination
o the Contents o Cold Drin?sA are
responsible for attaining its present form%
P4RP2SE
In recent days" soft drink brands were put into
#arious 'uestions regarding their purity% (ewsPage | )
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*ashed that they contain harmful pesticide"
which arouse many interest in knowing its
contents because I ha#e been drinking them for
years% I wanted to con+rm that whether thecharge imposed on these brands are true or not%
Another fact which inspired me to do this pro$ect
is that I am in touch with 'ualitati#e analysis
whose knowledge with other factors helped me
to do so%
I"DEX
S-"2 C2"TE"TS P!-"2
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&- Introduction -
$- !heory .
- Apparatus /
- Chemicals 0e'uired 1
'- Determination of p& 11
)- !est for Carbon
Dioxide
12
- !est for lucose 13
- !est for Phosphate 1,
F- !est for Alcohol 14
&%- !est for 5ucrose 1-&&- 0esult 1.
&$- Conclusion 1/
&- 6ibliography 2
I"TR2D4CTI2"
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!he era of cold drinks began in 1/,2 but the
industriali7ation in India marked its beginning
with launching of 8imca and oldspot by parley
group of companies% 5ince" the beginning of colddrinks was highly pro+table and luring" many
multinational companies launched their brands in
India like Pepsi and Coke%
(ow days" it is obser#ed in general that ma$ority
of people #iewed 5prite" iranda" and 8imca togi#e feeling of lightness" while Pepsi and !humbs
9p to acti#ate pulse and brain%
T0E2R5
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Cold drinks of di:erent brands are composed of alcohol"
carbohydrates" carbon dioxide" phosphate ions etc%
!hese soft drinks gi#e feeling of warmth" lightness and
ha#e a tangy taste which is liked by e#eryone% Carbondioxide is responsible for the formation of froth on
shaking the bottle%
!he carbon dioxide gas is dissol#ed in water to form
carbonic acid which is also responsible for the tangy
taste% Carbohydrates are the naturally occurring
organic compounds and are ma$or source of energy to
our body% eneral formula of carbohydrates is
CX G0$2H 5 %
;n the basis of their molecule si7e carbohydrates are
classi+ed as<=
1onosaccharide" Disaccharides and
Polysaccharides% lucose is a monosaccharide with
formula C)0&$2) %It occurs in >ree 5tate in the ripen
grapes in bones and also in many sweet fruits% It is also
present in human blood to the extent of about %-&%
5ucrose is one of the most useful disaccharides in our
daily life% !he main source of sucrose is sugar cane
$uice which contain &'($% sucrose and sugar beet
which has about &%(& sucrose% !he molecular
formula of sucrose is C&$0$$2&&% It is produced by a
mixture of glucose and fructose% It is non=reducing in
nature whereas glucose is reducing% Cold drinks are a
bit acidic in nature and their acidity can be measured
by +nding their p& #alue% !he p& #alues also depend
upon the acidic contents such as citric acid and
phosphoric acid%Page | .
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*PP*R*T4S
!est !ube !est !ube &older !est !ube 5tand 5top ?atch 6eaker 6urner p& Paper !ripod 5tand China Dish ?ire auge ?ater 6ath
C0E1IC*7S RE64IRED
Iodine 5olution Potassium Iodine
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5odium &ydroxide >ehling@s A 6 5olution 8ime ?ater Concentrated &(;3
6enedict 5olution
Ammonium olybdate
DETER1I"*TI2" 28 .0
EXPERI1E"T5mall samples of cold drinks of di:erent brands were
taken in a test tube and put on the p& paper% !he
change in the color of p& paper was noticed and was
compared with the standard p& scale%
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2BSER3*TI2"
S-"2- "*1E 28 T0E
DRI"9
C2724R
C0*";E
.0 3*74E
1% C;CA C;8A Pinkish 2=3
2% 5P0I!B Dark ;range 3
3% 8ICA 8ight ;range )
)% >A(!A ;range 3=)
I"8ERE"CE
5oft drinks are generally acidic because of the presence
of citric acid and phosphoric acid% p& #alues of cold
drink of di:erent brands are di:erent due to the
#ariation in amount of acidic contents%
TEST 82R C*RB2" DI2XIDE
EXPERI1E"T
As soon as the bottles were opened" one by one the
sample was passed through lime water% !he lime water
turned milky%
2BSER3*TI2"
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S-"2
-
"*1E 28 T0E
DRI"9
TI1E T*9E"
GSEC-H
C2"C74SI2
"
1% C;CA C;8A 2. C;2 I5
P0B5B(!2% 5P0I!B 3/ C;2 I5
P0B5B(!3% 8ICA 3. C;2 I5
P0B5B(!)% >A(!A 34 C;2 I5
P0B5B(!
I"8ERE"CE
All the soft drinks contain dissol#ed carbon dioxide in
water% !he carbon dioxide C;2 dissol#es in water to
form carbonic acid" which is responsible for its tangy
taste%
C0E1IC*7 RE*CTI2" I"3273ED
Ca;&2s E C;2g CaC;3s E
&2;s
TEST 82R ;74C2SEEXPERI1E"T
lucose is a reducing sugar acid% Its presence is
detected by the following test<=
&- BE"EDICTJS RE*;E"T TEST:(Page | 12
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5mall samples of cold drinks of di:erent brands weretaken in a test tube and a few drops of 6enedict@sreagent were added% !he test tube was heated for fewseconds% >ormation of reddish color con+rmed thepresence of glucose in cold drinks%
2BSER3*TI2"
S-"2- "*1E 28 T0E
DRI"9
2BSER3*TI2
"
C2"C74SI2
"
1%C;CA C;8A 0BDDI5&
C;8;90
P0BCIPI!A!B
89C;5B I5
P0B5B(!
2% 5P0I!B 0BDDI5&
C;8;90
P0BCIPI!A!B
89C;5B I5
P0B5B(!
3% 8ICA 0BDDI5&
C;8;90
P0BCIPI!A!B
89C;5B I5
P0B5B(!
)% >A(!A 0BDDI5&C;8;90
P0BCIPI!A!B
89C;5B I5P0B5B(!
I"8ERE"CE
All the samples ga#e positi#e test for glucose with
6enedict@s reagent% &ence all the drinks containglucose%
$- 8E07I";KS S274TI2" TEST
5mall samples of cold drinks of di:erent brands were
taken in a test tube and a few drops of >ehling@s A
solution and >ehling@s 6 solution was added in e'ual
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amount% !he test tube was heated in a water bath for
1 minutes% Appearance of brown precipitate con+rmed
the presence of glucose in cold drinks%
2BSER3*TI2"
S-"2
-
"*1E 28 T0E
DRI"9
2BSER3*TI2" C2"C74SI2
"
1% C;CA C;8A 0BDDI5& 60;?(
P0BCIPI!A!B
89C;5B I5
P0B5B(!
2% 5P0I!B 0BDDI5& 60;?(P0BCIPI!A!B
89C;5B I5P0B5B(!
3% 8ICA 0BDDI5& 60;?(
P0BCIPI!A!B
89C;5B I5
P0B5B(!
)% >A(!A 0BDDI5& 60;?(
P0BCIPI!A!B
89C;5B I5
P0B5B(!
I"8ERE"CEAll the samples ga#e positi#e test for glucose with
>ehling@s A 6 solutions% &ence all the cold
drinks contain glucose%
TEST 82R P02SP0*TE
EXPERI1E"T
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5mall samples of each brand of cold drinks were taken
in separate test tubes and Ammonium olybdate
followed by concentrated (itric Acid &(;3 was added
to it% !he solution was heated% Appearance of canary=yellow precipitate con+rmed the presence of phosphate
ions in cold drinks%
2BSER3*TI2"
S-"2
-
"*1E 28
T0E DRI"9
2BSER3*TI2" C2"C74SI2
"
1% C;CA C;8A CA(A0F=FB88;?P0BCIPI!A!B
P&;5P&A!B I5P0B5B(!
2% 5P0I!B CA(A0F=FB88;?
P0BCIPI!A!B
P&;5P&A!B I5
P0B5B(!
3% 8ICA CA(A0F=FB88;?
P0BCIPI!A!B
P&;5P&A!B I5
P0B5B(!
)% >A(!A CA(A0F=FB88;?
P0BCIPI!A!B
P&;5P&A!B I5
P0B5B(!
I"8ERE"CE
All the soft drinks samples ga#e positi#e test forphosphate ions% &ence all the cold drinks containphosphate%
C0E1IC*7 RE*CTI2" I"3273ED(a&P;) E 12(&)2o;) E 21&(;3 E3&(&)3P;)%12o;3 E21&()(;3 E12&2;
TEST 82R *7C2027
EXPERI1E"TPage | 1,
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5mall samples of each brand of cold drinks were takenin separate test tubes and Iodine followed by PotassiumIodide and 5odium &ydroxide (a;& solution wasadded to each test tube% !hen the test tubes wereheated in hot water bath for 3 minutes% Appearance of yellow colored precipitate con+rmed the presence ofalcohol in cold drinks%
2BSER3*TI2"
5%(;% (AB ;> !&B
D0I(G
;65B0HA!I;( C;(C895I;(
1% C;CA C;8A FB88;?
P0BCIPI!A!B
A8C;&;8 I5
P0B5B(!
2% 5P0I!B FB88;?
P0BCIPI!A!B
A8C;&;8 I5
P0B5B(!
3% 8ICA FB88;?
P0BCIPI!A!B
A8C;&;8 I5
P0B5B(!
)% >A(!A FB88;?
P0BCIPI!A!B
A8C;&;8 I5
P0B5B(!
I"8ERE"CE
All the cold drinks samples ga#e positi#e test for
alcohol% &ence all the cold drinks contain glucose%
C0E1IC*7 RE*CTI2" I"3273EDC&3C&2;& E )I2 E 4(a;& C&I3 E &C;;(a E ,(aI E,&2;
TEST 82R S4CR2SE
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EXPERI1E"T
, ml samples of each brand of cold drinks were taken in
separate china dishes and were heated #ery stronglyuntil changes occur% 6lack colored residue left
con+rmed the presence of sucrose in cold drinks%
2BSER3*TI2"
S-"2- "*1E 28 T0E
DRI"9
2BSER3*TI2
"
C2"C74SI2
"
1% C;CA C;8A 68ACG 0B5ID9B 59C0;5B I5
P0B5B(!
2% 5P0I!B 68ACG 0B5ID9B 59C0;5B I5
P0B5B(!
3% 8ICA 68ACG 0B5ID9B 59C0;5B I5
P0B5B(!
)% >A(!A 68ACG 0B5ID9B 59C0;5B I5
P0B5B(!
I"8ERE"CE
All the brands of cold drinks contain sucrose% 6ut
amount of sucrose #aries in each brand of drink% >anta
contains highest amount of sucrose%
RES47T
After conducting se#eral tests" it was concluded that
the di:erent brands of cold drinks namely<
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1% Coca Cola
2% 5prite
3% 8imca
)% >anta
All contains glucose" alcohol" sucrose" phosphate and
carbon dioxide% All cold drinks are acidic in nature% ;n
comparing the p& #alue of di:erent brands Coca Cola is
the most acidic and 8imca is least acidic of all the four
brands taken%
C*RB2" DI2XIDE
Among the four samples of cold drinks taken" Coca Cola
has the maximum amount of dissol#ed carbon dioxideand 5prite has the minimum amount of dissol#ed
carbon dioxide%
C2"C74SI2"
DIS*D3*"T*;ES 28 C27DDRI"9S
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&- 5oft drinks are little more harmful than sugar solution% As theycontain sugar in large amount which cause problems indiabetes patients%
$- 5oft drinks can cause weight gain as they interfere with thebody@s natural ability to suppress hunger feeling%
- 5oft drinks ha#e ability to dissol#e the calcium so they are alsoharmful for our bones%
- 5oft drinks contain phosphoric acidJ which has a p& of 2%.% 5othey can dissol#e a nail in about ) days%
'- >or transportation of soft drinks syrup the commercial truckmust use the ha7ardous matter place cards reser#ed for highlycohesi#e material%
)- 5oft drinks ha#e also ability to remo#e blood so they are #eryharmful to our body%
BIB7I2;R*P05
EBSITESPage | 1/
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