Post on 14-Dec-2015
Chapter Hand Tools
2
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Objectives
• Identify the various types of hand tools.• Describe the advantages and disadvantages of
each type of hand tool.• Select the proper hand tool for the job.• Demonstrate skills in using various hand tools.• Demonstrate how to use hand tools safely.• Maintain, repair, or replace damaged tools.• Demonstrate good craftsmanship in the
performance of daily tasks.
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Tools for Technicians
• Acquire quality tools• Care for them properly• Skillfully use them• Always use the correct tool for the job
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Wrenches
• Most widely used type of hand tool• Used to hold or turn nuts, bolts, cap screws, and
other fasteners• Applying too much torque can strip threads or break
off bolt heads• Always use wrenches safely• Know when to repair or replace
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Types of Wrenches
• Open-End– Open jaw on each end
• Box-End– Closed on both ends
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Types of Wrenches (Cont.)
• Combination– Has one open-end and
one box-end
• Refrigeration Service– Designed to turn
refrigeration service valve stems
– Can have ratcheting feature
Ritchie Engineering – YELLOW JACKET Products Division
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Types of Wrenches (Cont.)
• Flare-Nut– Box wrench with an
opening in the box– Use to turn flare nuts
• Adjustable– Has a movable lower
jaw– Turn so force is on the
fixed jaw
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Types of Wrenches (Cont.)
• Allen– Also known as a hex
key– Hardened steel shaft
with a hexagonal shape
– Available in different styles
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Socket Wrenches
• Individual, cylinder-shaped box-end attachments used with a handle
• Handles often have ratcheting feature
• Socket openings may be 4, 6, 8, or 12-point
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Pliers
• Used to grip, cut, crimp, hold, or bend various materials
• Choose the correct type of pliers for the job• Always use pliers safely• Know when to repair or replace
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Types of Pliers
• Lineman’s– Have a strong side-
cutting feature– Useful electrical tool
• Long-Nose– Allow technicians to
reach into tight places– Available in a variety
of nose designs
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Types of Pliers (Cont.)
• Diagonal Cutting– Designed for cutting
electrical wires, cotter pins, nails, and other fasteners
• Pump– Used for gripping
round, square, flat, and hexagonal objects
– Size opening adjustable through tongue and grooves
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Types of Pliers (Cont.)
• Slip-Joint– Designed for gripping,
turning, and bending– Two jaw opening sizes
• Adjustable– Different types
available
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Types of Pliers (Cont.)
• Locking– Use a compound
leverage system to lock the jaws for holding various shapes and sizes of work
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Screwdrivers
• Used to drive or withdraw threaded fasteners• Available in wide variety of shapes and sizes• Reversible screwdrivers have a different tip at each
end of the shank• Interchangeable bit screwdrivers• Screw-holding screwdrivers
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Nut Drivers
• 6-point socket head• Useful for removing
and replacing small hex head screws and nuts
• Available in a range of sizes
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Hammers
• Used for various striking operations• Use the correct hammer for the job and use it
properly• Always use hammers safely• Know when to repair or replace
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Types of Hammers
• Nail– Curved claw and
straight claw– Different sizes for light
and heavy work
• Ball Pein– Designed for use when
riveting, shaping, and straightening metal
– Also used when striking chisels and punches
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Types of Hammers (Cont.)
• Soft-Faced– Used where steel
hammers would mar or damage the workpiece
• Engineer’s– Designed for heavy-
duty striking– Also called “sledge
hammer”
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Types of Hammers (Cont.)
• Setting– Have square corners
and straight sides– Designed for sheet
metal work
Klein Tools, Inc.
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Hacksaws
• Used to cut all types of metal objects• Blades are selected according to the number of teeth
per inch• At least two teeth should contact the metal being cut• Can use one or two hands on the saw to make cuts
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Twist Drill Bits
• Used to cut small-diameter holes in metal or wood
• Made up of shank, body, and point
• Available individually and in sets
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Wood Bits
• Designed to drill into wood, plastic laminate, plaster, foam insulation, and similar materials
• Common wood bits:– Spade-type– Auger-type
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Other Types of Drill Bits
• Hole Saws– Designed for cutting holes– Used on steel, aluminum, copper, brass, sheet
metal, stainless steel, wood, or plastics• Masonry
– Used for drilling brick, stone, concrete, and ceramic materials
– Star drills designed for hand-drilling holes
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Snips
• Used to cut sheet metal, screens, gaskets, and straps
• Four basic types– Straight-pattern, combination, duckbill, and aviation
• Other types– Curved blade, bulldog, double-cut, and jeweler’s
• Always use snips safely
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Straight Snips
• Used for making straight-line cuts
• Available in different sizes
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Combination and Duckbill Snips
• Used for cutting curves in either direction
• May be used for straight-line cutting
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Aviation Snips
• Uses compound lever for less effort to cut than other types of snips
• Made of alloy steel• Cutting blades are
serrated• Available in straight,
left-hand, and right-hand patterns
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Punches
• Used to mark parts before disassembly
• Used to make an indentation in metal before drilling
• Common types of punches– Center– Prick– Pin
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Cold Chisels
• Used to cut off damaged or badly rusted nuts, bolts, rivet heads, or other fasteners
• Do not use dull chisels or those with a mushroomed head
• Edge can be sharpened with hand file or whetstone
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Repair or Replace
• Do not use worn out or broken tools• Damaged tools will not do the job properly• They can put the users and others at risk• Repair or replace worn tools as required• Replacing a tool is a small cost compared to the cost
of an injury or time wasted by poor performance