Chapter Hand Tools 2 Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly...

Chapter Hand Tools

2

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Objectives

• Identify the various types of hand tools.• Describe the advantages and disadvantages of

each type of hand tool.• Select the proper hand tool for the job.• Demonstrate skills in using various hand tools.• Demonstrate how to use hand tools safely.• Maintain, repair, or replace damaged tools.• Demonstrate good craftsmanship in the

performance of daily tasks.


Tools for Technicians

• Acquire quality tools• Care for them properly• Skillfully use them• Always use the correct tool for the job


Wrenches

• Most widely used type of hand tool• Used to hold or turn nuts, bolts, cap screws, and

other fasteners• Applying too much torque can strip threads or break

off bolt heads• Always use wrenches safely• Know when to repair or replace


Types of Wrenches

• Open-End– Open jaw on each end

• Box-End– Closed on both ends


Types of Wrenches (Cont.)

• Combination– Has one open-end and

one box-end

• Refrigeration Service– Designed to turn

refrigeration service valve stems

– Can have ratcheting feature

Ritchie Engineering – YELLOW JACKET Products Division



• Flare-Nut– Box wrench with an

opening in the box– Use to turn flare nuts

• Adjustable– Has a movable lower

jaw– Turn so force is on the

fixed jaw



• Allen– Also known as a hex

key– Hardened steel shaft

with a hexagonal shape

– Available in different styles


Socket Wrenches

• Individual, cylinder-shaped box-end attachments used with a handle

• Handles often have ratcheting feature

• Socket openings may be 4, 6, 8, or 12-point


Pliers

• Used to grip, cut, crimp, hold, or bend various materials

• Choose the correct type of pliers for the job• Always use pliers safely• Know when to repair or replace


Types of Pliers

• Lineman’s– Have a strong side-

cutting feature– Useful electrical tool

• Long-Nose– Allow technicians to

reach into tight places– Available in a variety

of nose designs


Types of Pliers (Cont.)

• Diagonal Cutting– Designed for cutting

electrical wires, cotter pins, nails, and other fasteners

• Pump– Used for gripping

round, square, flat, and hexagonal objects

– Size opening adjustable through tongue and grooves



• Slip-Joint– Designed for gripping,

turning, and bending– Two jaw opening sizes

• Adjustable– Different types

available



• Locking– Use a compound

leverage system to lock the jaws for holding various shapes and sizes of work


Screwdrivers

• Used to drive or withdraw threaded fasteners• Available in wide variety of shapes and sizes• Reversible screwdrivers have a different tip at each

end of the shank• Interchangeable bit screwdrivers• Screw-holding screwdrivers


Nut Drivers

• 6-point socket head• Useful for removing

and replacing small hex head screws and nuts

• Available in a range of sizes


Hammers

• Used for various striking operations• Use the correct hammer for the job and use it

properly• Always use hammers safely• Know when to repair or replace


Types of Hammers

• Nail– Curved claw and

straight claw– Different sizes for light

and heavy work

• Ball Pein– Designed for use when

riveting, shaping, and straightening metal

– Also used when striking chisels and punches


Types of Hammers (Cont.)

• Soft-Faced– Used where steel

hammers would mar or damage the workpiece

• Engineer’s– Designed for heavy-

duty striking– Also called “sledge

hammer”


Types of Hammers (Cont.)

• Setting– Have square corners

and straight sides– Designed for sheet

metal work

Klein Tools, Inc.


Hacksaws

• Used to cut all types of metal objects• Blades are selected according to the number of teeth

per inch• At least two teeth should contact the metal being cut• Can use one or two hands on the saw to make cuts


Twist Drill Bits

• Used to cut small-diameter holes in metal or wood

• Made up of shank, body, and point

• Available individually and in sets


Wood Bits

• Designed to drill into wood, plastic laminate, plaster, foam insulation, and similar materials

• Common wood bits:– Spade-type– Auger-type


Other Types of Drill Bits

• Hole Saws– Designed for cutting holes– Used on steel, aluminum, copper, brass, sheet

metal, stainless steel, wood, or plastics• Masonry

– Used for drilling brick, stone, concrete, and ceramic materials

– Star drills designed for hand-drilling holes


Snips

• Used to cut sheet metal, screens, gaskets, and straps

• Four basic types– Straight-pattern, combination, duckbill, and aviation

• Other types– Curved blade, bulldog, double-cut, and jeweler’s

• Always use snips safely


Straight Snips

• Used for making straight-line cuts

• Available in different sizes


Combination and Duckbill Snips

• Used for cutting curves in either direction

• May be used for straight-line cutting


Aviation Snips

• Uses compound lever for less effort to cut than other types of snips

• Made of alloy steel• Cutting blades are

serrated• Available in straight,

left-hand, and right-hand patterns


Punches

• Used to mark parts before disassembly

• Used to make an indentation in metal before drilling

• Common types of punches– Center– Prick– Pin


Cold Chisels

• Used to cut off damaged or badly rusted nuts, bolts, rivet heads, or other fasteners

• Do not use dull chisels or those with a mushroomed head

• Edge can be sharpened with hand file or whetstone


Repair or Replace

• Do not use worn out or broken tools• Damaged tools will not do the job properly• They can put the users and others at risk• Repair or replace worn tools as required• Replacing a tool is a small cost compared to the cost

of an injury or time wasted by poor performance

Chapter Hand Tools 2 Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly...

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