Cell Theory• 1.)All living things are made up of cells. • 2.)Cells are the smallest working units of

all living things. • 3.)All cells come from preexisting cells.

Two Cell CategoriesProkaryotes v.s.

EukaryotesPro=NO Eu (you)=Do

No nucleus NucleusNo organelles Many

organellesOnly Bacteria All Other Cells

Plant AnimalBacteria

Cell

The smallest unit capable of performing life functions.

Examples of CellsAmoeba Proteus

Plant Stem

Red Blood Cell

Nerve Cell

Bacteria

Cell PartsOrganelles- Specialized

structures in eukaryotic cells that perform specific functions.

Surrounding the Cell

Cell Membrane• A semi-permeable

membrane controls what enters/exits the cell. (plants AND animals)

http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

Cell Wall• The cell wall gives the

plant cell structure and support

http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

Inside the Cell

Nucleus

• The nucleus is the brain of the cell. Controls cell activities and protects the DNA

Chromosomes• Chromosomes (made

of DNA in the nucleus) have instructions for your traits

http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

Cytoplasm• Gel-like mixture called

cytoplasm is surrounded by the cell membrane.

Endoplasmic ReticulumThe Rough Endoplasmic

Reticulum moves materials around in cell (has ribosomes attached)

http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

Inside the cell

• The Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum helps makes lipids

Inside the Cell (honors) slide• Mitochondria breaks down

food/oxygen to create energy/power in the form of carbohydrates for the cell.

• Has it’s own DNA like the nucleus (other organelles don’t).

• Reproduces within the cell based on demand

http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

Inside the Cell• Proteins are made by

the ribosomes

http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

Golgi Bodies• Protein are modified,

packaged, sorted and shipped by the Golgi Bodies.

http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

Inside the Cell (honors slide)• Photosynthesis

(conversion of water, sunlight, and carbon dioxide into carbs) happens in the chloroplast of only plant cells

• Has it’s own DNA and reproduces within the cell (similar to mitochondira)

http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

Lysosome• Lysosomes comes from

Golgi Body• They breaks

down/digest: proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, phospholipids

• Breaks down cells when it’s time for them to die

• Removes waste from cells

http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

Vacuoles• Vacuoles are storage

sacs wastes and water.

http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

Cytoskeleton

• Cytoskeletons are thin tubes/filaments– Give shape/support to

cell from inside– (Like tent poles hold

up a tent)