Cell Injury and the Pathogenesis of Human

Disease(PATH 6266)

“Cellular basis of disease”200 years of observation: organ and

microscopic

April 30 and May 2, 2012 Paul Boor M.D.

SUGGESTED READING(PATHOLOGIC BASIS OF DISEASE, 8th EDITION)

CHAPTER 1Cellular Response to Stress and Toxic Insult;

Adaptation, Injury, Death (pp 3-42)

CHAPTER 3Tissue Renewal, Repair, and Regeneration (pp

79-110)

Rudolph Virchow (1821-1902)

Cell Theory“Social Medicine”

Cell Injury – General Considerations

Numerous causes Biochemical events precede structural Duration and intensity of exposure important

(direct dose/response relationship) Injury may be TISSUE (or cell) specific Injury depends of ability of cells to respond,

resist, and repair injury

Cell Injury – Causes Hypoxia / Ischemia Physical (mechanical, heat, radiation) Chemical Biologic Agents Immunologic (host) reaction Genetic derangement Nutritional imbalance, deficiency

Cellular Degeneration

Sublethal, usually reversible forms of cellular injury unassociated with severe

cellular dysfunction.

Oxidative Stress and Cell Injury

Necrosis (or “Oncosis”) VS

Apoptosis

Types of Necrosis Coagulation Liquefactive Caseous “Fat” necrosis

Liquefactive Necrosis

Caseous Necrosis

“Fat” Necrosis

Key Words(Week 1 BBSC 6266)

Anatomy of the hepatic lobule; Cell: Hepatocyte, Kupffer cell, bile ductules; Acetaminophen; Cytochrome p450s; imines; Reactive oxygen species; reactive nitrogen

species; peroxynitrite; Adducts

Hepatic Injury: Regenerative Nodules

How to look at a slide

Recap