Post on 18-Dec-2021
BIOLOGY30
ReviewAssignmentPartI
NervousSystemAnswerSheet
Question#1
NumericResponse#1
Question#2
Question#3
Question#4
Question#5
NumericResponse#2
NumericResponse#3
NumericResponse#4
Usethefollowinginformationtoanswerthenexttwoquestions.
1. Damagetothemyelinsheathofanopticneuronaffectsthespeedofneuraltransmission
tothevisualcentre,whichisfoundinwhichlobeofthecerebrum?
A. Frontallobe
B. Parietallobe
C. Occipitallobe
D. Temporallobe
Usethefollowingadditionalinformationtoanswerthenextquestion.
NUMERICRESPONSE#1
Theorderinwhichtheeventslistedaboveoccurduringapupillarylightreflex
is_____,_____,_____,and_____.
(Recordallfourdigitsofyouranswerinthenumerical‐responsesectionontheanswersheet.)
Multiple sclerosis (MS), a disease of the nervous system, typically has
symptomsofuncontrolledmuscleresponses,weakness,paralysis,andvision
difficulties. Researchers believe that MS occurs as a result of the body’s
immune systemdestroying themyelin sheath that surrounds theaxonof a
nervecell.Theresultisascarringofbraintissueorofspinalcordtissue.
AnothersymptomofMSisanexaggeratedpupillarylightreflex.Someofthe
eventsthatoccurduringthisreflexarelistedbelow.
1Motorneurondepolarizes
2Sensoryneurondepolarizes
3Interneurondepolarizes
4Lightreceptorsstimulated
2. Whichofthefollowingrowsindicateseventsthatwouldresultfromstimulationof
sympatheticmotorneuronsintheheart,skin,andliver?
Usethefollowinginformationtoanswerthenexttwoquestions.
3. Inthediagramabove,twoareasofthebrainwhosefunctioncanbeaffectedinaperson
withRefsumdiseasearenumbered
A. 1and2
B. 1and4
C. 2and3
D. 3and4
4. SymptomsofvisionlossinindividualswithRefsumdiseaseincludecataractsand
impairednightvision.Whichofthefollowingrowsidentifiesthestructureoftheeye
thatisaffectedbycataractsandthecellsthat,whendamaged,resultinnightvisionloss?
Usethefollowinginformationtoanswerthenextquestion.
5. Whichofthefollowinglistsidentifiestheneuralpathwayinareflexarc?
A. Receptor,sensoryneuron,effector,motorneuron
B. Motorneuron,interneuron,sensoryneuron,effector
C. Sensoryneuron,receptor,interneuron,motorneuron
D. Receptor,sensoryneuron,interneuron,motorneuron
Individualsknowthattouchingahotstovecanbepainful.Whenan
individualaccidentallytouchesahotstove,areflexarcisinitiated,which
causesthepersontowithdrawhisorherhandbeforeheorshesenses
thepain.
Use the following information to answer the next question.
NUMERICRESPONSE#2
Afterlightenterstheeye,thestructuresofsensoryperceptionlistedabovethatare
stimulatedare_____,_____,and_____.
(Recordallthreedigitsofyouranswerinlowest‐to‐highestnumericalorderinthenumericalresponse
sectionontheanswersheet.)
Structures of Sensory Perception
1 Optic nerve
2 Proprioceptor
3 Photoreceptor
4 Occipital lobe
5 Temporal lobe
6 Auditory nerve
Usethefollowingadditionalinformationtoanswerthenextquestion.
NUMERICRESPONSE#3
Inthediagramabove,thefourstructuresoftheearthroughwhichsoundvibrationspassas
theytravelfromthepinnaetothesensorynerveare_____,_____,_____,and_____.
(Recordallfourdigitsofyouranswerinlowest‐to‐highestnumericalorder
inthenumericalresponsesectionontheanswersheet.)
Usethefollowinginformationtoanswerthenextquestion.
NUMERICRESPONSE#4
Matchfourofthecelltypesnumberedabovewiththedisorderthatthecellcouldtreat,as
givenbelow.
CellType:
Neuroreceptor
Disorder:Anosmia Colourblindness
Neural
deafness
Permanent
vertigo
(Recordallfourdigitsofyouranswerinthenumerical‐responsesectionontheanswersheet.)
EndocrineSystemAnswerSheet
NumericResponse#5
Question#6
Question#7
Question#8
Question9
Question#10
Question#11
NumericResponse#6
Question#12
Usethefollowingdiagramtoanswerthenextquestion.
NUMERICRESPONSE#5
Thethreestructuresinthediagramaboveinvolvedinthenormalfeedbackcontrolof
cortisolsecretionarenumbered_____,_____,and_____.
(Recordallthreedigitsofyouranswerinlowest‐to‐highestnumericalorder
inthenumericalresponsesectionontheanswersheet.)
Usethefollowinginformationtoanswerthenexttwoquestions.
6. Surgicalremovalofthethyroidglandresultsin
A. adecreaseinthyroxinelevelsandTSHlevels
B. anincreaseinthyroxinelevelsandTSHlevels
C. anincreaseinthyroxinelevelsandadecreaseinTSHlevels
D. adecreaseinthyroxinelevelsandanincreaseinTSHlevels
7. Followingtheremovalofthethyroidgland,thyroidmedicationisprescribedinorderto
A. increasesodiumreabsorptionandwaterretention
B. decreasesodiumreabsorptionandwaterretention
C. increasetherateofmetabolismandtherateofheatproduction
D. decreasetherateofmetabolismandtherateofheatproduction
8. Theshort‐termresponsetostressoccursfasterthanthelong‐termresponsetostress
becausethe
A. bloodfromtheadrenalmedullatravelsfasterthandoesthebloodfromthe
adrenalcortex
B. adrenalmedullarespondstonervousstimulation,whichisfasterthanhormonal
stimulation
C. adrenalmedullaiscontrolledbythehypothalamuswhereastheadrenalcortex
iscontrolledbythepituitary
D. hormonefromtheadrenalmedullaactsoncellsmorequicklythanthe
hormonesfromtheadrenalcortex
Thyroidcancercandevelopslowlyovermanymonthsorevenyears.
Becausethesymptomsarefrequentlyoverlooked,diagnosisisoften
delayed.However,thyroidcancerisusuallytreatedsuccessfullywitha
combinationofsurgery,radioactiveiodine,andthyroidmedication.
9. Whichofthefollowinghormonesplaysaroleinreturningthesaltconcentrationinthe
bloodtohomeostaticlevelsfollowingheavyexercise?
A. Cortisol
B. Thyroxine
C. Aldosterone
D. Epinephrine
10. Lowlevelsofcalciumionsinthebloodcause
A. decreasedsecretionofPTHandincreaseddepositionofcalciuminthebones
B. decreasedsecretionofcalcitoninandincreaseddepositionofcalciuminthe
bones
C. increasedsecretionofPTHandmovementofcalciumfromthebonestothe
blood
D. increasedsecretionofcalcitoninandmovementofcalciumfromthebonestothe
blood
11. Parathormoneandcalitoninarehormonesthatworkantagonistically.Twoother
hormonesthatworkantagonisticallyare
A. TSHandthyroxine
B. insulinandglucagon
C. ADHandaldosterone
D. prolactinandoxytocin
Use the following information to answer the next two questions.
NUMERICRESPONSE#6
Match each of the hormones involved in the stress response with the hormones
represented in the flowchart above.
HormoneNumber: FlowchartLetter: HormoneA HormoneB HormoneC HormoneD
12. Theshort‐termresponsetostressoccursfasterthanthelong‐termresponsetostress
becausethe
A. bloodfromtheadrenalmedullatravelsfasterthandoesthebloodfromthe
adrenalcortex
B. adrenalmedullarespondstonervousstimulation,whichisfasterthanhormonal
stimulation
C. adrenalmedullaiscontrolledbythehypothalamuswhereastheadrenalcortex
iscontrolledbythepituitary
D. hormonefromtheadrenalmedullaactsoncellsmorequicklythanthe
hormonesfromtheadrenalcortex
ReproductiveSystemAnswerSheet
NumericResponse#7
NumericResponse#8
Question#13
Question#14
Question#15
Question#16
Question#17
Question#18
Question#19
Question#20
Use the following information to answer the next question.
NUMERICRESPONSE#7
Match four of the structures of the male and female reproductive systems numbered
above with the appropriate descriptions, as given below.
Structure:
Description: Siteof
spermatogenesis
Siteof
oogenesis
Siteofproduction
offructosefluid,
whichmakesupa
portionofthe
semen
Usualsiteof
mitoticdivision
afterfertilization
(Recordallfourdigitsofyouranswerinthenumerical‐responsesectionontheanswersheet.)
Usethefollowinginformationtoanswerthenextquestion.
NUMERICRESPONSE#8
Inanormalmale,thesequenceofthestructuresnumberedabovethroughwhichsperm
cellstravelfromthetimewhenspermatogenesisoccurstothetimewhenejaculationoccurs
is_____,_____,_____,and_____.
(Recordallfourdigitsofyouranswerinthenumerical‐responsesectionontheanswersheet.)
Usethefollowingadditionalinformationtoanswerthenexttwoquestions.
13. Inthediagramabove,thehormonesFSH,LH,andtestosteronearelabelled,respectively,
A. 2,3,4
B. 2,3,5
C. 3,2,4
D. 3,2,5
14. Ifinfertilitywereduetodecreasedproductionofhormone1bythehypothalamus,then
fewerspermwouldbeproducedbecausetherewouldbe
A. lowlevelsofhormone2
B. highlevelsofhormone3
C. highlevelsofhormone4
D. lowlevelsofhormone5
Usethefollowinginformationtoanswerthenextquestion.
15. Whichofthefollowinghormonesmostlikelyplayaroleinreducingtheeffectsof
cocaineonbloodflowinawoman’sbrainatthebeginningofthewoman’smenstrual
cycle?
A. FSHandprogesterone
B. LHandprogesterone
C. FSHandestrogen
D. LHandestrogen
Usethefollowinginformationtoanswerthenexttwoquestions.
16. Accordingtothefindings,onwhichdayordaysofawoman’smenstrualcyclewouldit
bebesttoperformsurgerytoremoveacancerousbreasttumour?
A. Days1to5
B. Days6to13
C. Day14
D. Days15to28
Researchontheeffectofcocaineonbloodflowinthebrainrevealed
thatmalesandfemalesreactdifferentlytothedrug.Menwhouse
cocainehavea20%decreaseinbloodflowinthebrain.Womenwho
usecocainehavenochangeinbloodflowinthebrainatthebeginning
oftheirmenstrualcycle.
—Kaufman,MarcJ.,JonathanM.Levin,LuisC.Maas,ThelleaJ.Kukes,Rosemond
A.Villafuerte,KerstinDostal,ScottE.Lukas,JackH.Mendelson,BruceM.Cohen,
andPerryF.Renshaw.2001.Cocaine‐inducedcerebralvasoconstrictiondiffersasa
functionofsexandmenstrualcyclephase.BiologicalPsychiatry49:774–781.
Researchersfoundthatthetimingofbreastcancersurgeryinawoman’s
menstrualcycleaffectstheoutcomeofthesurgery.Surgerytoremovea
canceroustumourismostsuccessfulduringawoman’slutealphase,partly
becausethehormonethathasthehighestconcentrationinthelutealphase
seemstocausethetissuesurroundingthetumourtocompressthetumour.
17. Thehormonethathasahighconcentrationonlyduringthelutealphaseand,therefore,
thatprobablycontributestothesuccessofbreastcancertumourremovalatthisstageis
A. LH
B. FSH
C. Estrogen
D. Progesterone
Usethefollowingdiagramtoanswerthenextquestion.
18. Whichofthefollowingrowsidentifiesstructure3andthestructureitbecomespartof?
Usethefollowinginformationtoanswerthenextquestion.
19. Thestructureinthehumanfemalethattheclearplasticboxfunctionsasandastructure
thatnormallysurroundsthefetusare,respectively,
A. auterusandtheallantois
B. aplacentaandtheallantois
C. auterusandtheamnioticsac
D. aplacentaandtheamnioticsac
Scientists in Japan have created an artificialwomb. In it, they placed
goat fetuses, which developed for up to three weeks. The device is
composed of a clear plastic box that is filled with fluid at 37°C and
connectedtovariousmachinesthatmaintainvitalfunctions.Insidethe
clear plastic box, the fetus is connected to a dialysis machine that
removeswastesandprovidesnutrientstothefetus.
Inthefuture,scientistshopetousethisdevicetostudytheprocessof
humandevelopment.
Use the following information to answer the next question.
20. Inthediagramabove,thestructurethatdevelopsfromlayerXandthestructurethat
developsfromlayerYare,respectively,the
A. embryoandtheamnion
B. chorionandtheamnion
C. chorionandtheembryo
D. embryoandthechorion