Transcript of BELLWORK What is genocide? What racial, ethnic, or cultural groups have been subjected to genocide...
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- BELLWORK What is genocide? What racial, ethnic, or cultural
groups have been subjected to genocide in the past or in the
present? THINKER: What steps could a country take to eliminate
genocide? Should the U.S. help other countries that are
experiencing genocide?
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- Once I really am in power, my first and foremost task will be
the annihilation of the Jews... until all Germany has completely
been cleansed of Jews. Adolf Hitler
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- Photo Response. Get out a separate sheet of paper- Divide it
into 2 columns. As we take a look at the following pictures &
listen to the stories You are to keep track of your Thoughts,
Reactions, Emotions, Questions. What comes to mind when you hear
this information and see these real-life images of human
atrocity?
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- Anti-Semitism Aryans > Semites When Hitler became leader in
1933, he made anti-Semitism (discrimination directed at Jews) the
official policy of Germany. This hatred led to the Holocaust: Nazi
Germanys mass murder of European Jews. Included Jews, gypsies,
homosexuals, disabled, mentally challenged, communists, homeless,
and dissenters.
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- Kristallnacht Night of the Broken Glass November 9, 1938: Nazi
thugs in Germany and Austria destroyed Jewish stores, houses and
synagogues.
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- Warsaw ghetto Nazi plans for dealing with Jews included
establishment of ghettos: areas in which minority groups are
concentrated. Nazis took 30% of Warsaws population and sealed them
off in the Warsaw ghetto. Ghettos were surrounded with walls and
barbed wire.
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- Concentration Camps
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- German Jewish Family before the war- only two survived the
Holocaust
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- A sign, in both German and Latvian, warning that people
attempting to cross the fence or to contact inhabitants of the Riga
ghetto will be shot. Riga, Latvia, 1941-1943.
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- Deportation of Jewish children from an orphanage. Lodz ghetto,
Poland.
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- Jews move into the Kovno ghetto. Lithuania, 1941.
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- Child forced laborer in a ghetto factory. Kovno, Lithuania,
between 1941 and 1944
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- A child eats in the streets of the Warsaw ghetto. Warsaw,
Poland.
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- Children eating in the ghetto streets. Warsaw, Poland.
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- A Jewish victim of life in a concentration camp
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- Mass grave of Holocaust victims
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- Once the people were killed, they were cremated in large
furnaces like this one
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- Auschwitz
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- 3 million died here by systematic starvation, forced labor,
lack of disease control, individual executions, and "medical
experiments". Camp was divided into three parts: Auschwitz I
administration Auschwitz II extermination camp Auschwitz III labor
camp. Soviet troops liberated the camp on January 27, 1947, which
came to be known as Holocaust Remembrance day.
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- Allied Help Witold Pilecki: Polish army captain who agreed to
spend 945 days in Auschwitz. He gathered evidence of genocide and
sent it to Britain. Two prisoners, Rudolf Vrba and Alfred Wetzler,
escaped and gave a detailed report about the camp. Convinced Allied
leaders about the truth of Auschwitz.
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- Birkenau Revolt On October 7, 1944, the Jewish Sonderkommandos
of Auschwitz II staged an uprising. They attacked prison guards and
blew up the Crematorium IV. Joined by other inmates who overpowered
guards and broke out of the compound.
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- Liberation of Auschwitz In November 1945, generals ordered the
crematoriums to be destroyed before the Red Army reached Auschwitz.
Gas chambers were blown up to hide evidence of German crimes. The
Death March: there were 60,000 prisoners left in Auschwitz. Forced
them to walk to Loslau, another Polish concentration camp. 15,000
died on the way, but eventually Soviet forces infiltrated all
camps.
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- Holocaust Comes to an End In 1944, FDR created War Refugee
Board (WRB): programs and funding to help rescue Jews Nazis began
abandoning camps for fear of Allied advances. In 1945, American
armies reached the concentration camps. Nuremburg Trials: Former
Nazi leaders on trial for crimes against peace, crimes against
humanity, and war crimes. 24 Nazi defendants 12 executed
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- Total Deaths: 9-11 Million
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- Where was America? Did Americans know the Holocaust was
happening? If so, why didnt they do anything earlier? Why did they
wait so long to help? Similar stories during WWI Thought it was an
exaggeration Major news sources downplayed its importance New York
Times reported the victims as refugees Were timid about mixed
Jewish German readership Never highlighted its importance
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- CLOSURE What fact/term/concept/idea about the Holocaust sticks
out the most to you? Explain! Many German citizens knew about the
Holocaust as it was happening but chose to do nothing. Do you think
this makes them just as guilty? What could they have done to help?
What might have happened if they decided to speak out against the
government?