Preview-World History What is a genocide? What is a genocide? Can you name any recent genocides? Can...

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Preview-World History Preview-World History What is a genocide? What is a genocide? Can you name any recent Can you name any recent genocides? genocides?

Transcript of Preview-World History What is a genocide? What is a genocide? Can you name any recent genocides? Can...

Preview-World HistoryPreview-World History

What is a genocide?What is a genocide?

Can you name any recent genocides?Can you name any recent genocides?

The HolocaustThe Holocaust

What is genocide?What is genocide?

Deliberate and systematic destruction of a Deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, political, or cultural group. racial, political, or cultural group.

The Holocaust was…

The systematic state sponsored killing of six million Jewish men, women, and children and millions of others by Nazi Germany and its collaborators during World War II.

Anti-SemitismAnti-Semitism

Anti-semitism: used Anti-semitism: used to describe to describe discrimination or discrimination or hostility, often hostility, often violent, directed at violent, directed at JewsJews

Jews in Europe faced Jews in Europe faced persecution for their persecution for their religious beliefs for religious beliefs for centuriescenturies

Anti-Semitism continued…Anti-Semitism continued…

Suffering from WW1 Suffering from WW1 and hardships of the and hardships of the Great Depression led Great Depression led many to look for many to look for someone to blame for someone to blame for their problemstheir problems

Many people began to Many people began to blame Jews for the blame Jews for the problems aboveproblems above

““Let the desolation which Let the desolation which Jewish hybridization daily Jewish hybridization daily visits on our nation be visits on our nation be clearly seen, this blood-clearly seen, this blood-poisoning that can be poisoning that can be removed from our body removed from our body national only after national only after centuries or nevermore; centuries or nevermore; let it be pondered, let it be pondered, further, how racial decay further, how racial decay drags down, indeed often drags down, indeed often annuls, the final Aryan annuls, the final Aryan values of our German values of our German nation…”nation…”

-Adolf Hitler, from -Adolf Hitler, from Mein Mein KampfKampf, 1925, 1925

Nazi PoliciesNazi Policies

Early Nazi Early Nazi persecution aimed persecution aimed to exclude to exclude German’s Jews German’s Jews from all aspects of from all aspects of the country’s the country’s political, social and political, social and economic life.economic life.

Loss of Rights…Loss of Rights…

April 1, 1933-Nazis ordered April 1, 1933-Nazis ordered a one-day boycott of a one-day boycott of businesses owned by Jewsbusinesses owned by Jews

1935-Nuremberg laws 1935-Nuremberg laws stripped Jews of their stripped Jews of their German citizenship, and German citizenship, and outlawed marriage outlawed marriage between Jews and non-between Jews and non-JewsJews

Nazi-controlled Nazi-controlled newspapers and radio newspapers and radio constantly attacked and constantly attacked and caricatured Jews as caricatured Jews as enemies of Germanyenemies of Germany

Loss of Rights continued…Loss of Rights continued…

1938-Nazis enacted new policies to make 1938-Nazis enacted new policies to make life even more difficult for the Jewish peoplelife even more difficult for the Jewish people

Most Jews already lost their jobsMost Jews already lost their jobs

Nazis forced Jews to surrender their own Nazis forced Jews to surrender their own businesses to Aryans for a fraction of their businesses to Aryans for a fraction of their valuevalue

Jewish doctors and lawyers were forbidden Jewish doctors and lawyers were forbidden to serve non-Jews, and Jewish students to serve non-Jews, and Jewish students were expelled from public schoolswere expelled from public schools

A Jew was defined as any person who A Jew was defined as any person who had three or four Jewish had three or four Jewish grandparents, regardless of his or grandparents, regardless of his or her current religionher current religion

Or, any person who had two Jewish Or, any person who had two Jewish grandparents and practice the Jewish grandparents and practice the Jewish religionreligion

Stages of the HolocaustStages of the HolocaustBoycott of Jewish Businesses Boycott of Jewish Businesses (1933)(1933)Nuremberg Laws (1935)Nuremberg Laws (1935)Kristallnacht (1938)Kristallnacht (1938)Jewish Ghettos (1939)Jewish Ghettos (1939)Deportations Throughout Deportations Throughout Europe (1942-1945)Europe (1942-1945)Final Solution (1942-1945)Final Solution (1942-1945)Liberation (1944-1945)Liberation (1944-1945)

Boycott of Jewish Boycott of Jewish Buisnesses (1933)Buisnesses (1933)

Hitler announces a Hitler announces a boycott of all boycott of all Jewish businesses. Jewish businesses. This isolates Jews This isolates Jews both socially and both socially and economically from economically from society.society.

Nuremberg Laws (1935)Nuremberg Laws (1935) Laws are passed Laws are passed

depriving German depriving German Jews of their Jews of their citizenship and citizenship and banning marriages banning marriages between Jews and between Jews and non-Jews. All Jews non-Jews. All Jews forced to wear a forced to wear a yellow Star of David yellow Star of David so they can easily so they can easily be identified.be identified.

KristallnachtKristallnacht (1938) (1938) Night of Broken GlassNight of Broken Glass November 10, 1938, November 10, 1938,

Nazi officials unleashed Nazi officials unleashed a savage, nationwide a savage, nationwide campaign of terror campaign of terror again Germany’s Jewish again Germany’s Jewish population. Many Jews population. Many Jews are killed and hundreds are killed and hundreds of Jewish shops and of Jewish shops and synagogues are synagogues are destroyeddestroyed

30,000 Jews are 30,000 Jews are arrested and sent to arrested and sent to prison campsprison camps

During Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass, a synagogue burns in Siegen, Germany. November

10, 1938.

Jewish Ghettos (1939)Jewish Ghettos (1939)

Ghettos, or confined areas within a Ghettos, or confined areas within a city, are established in occupied city, are established in occupied eastern Europe. eastern Europe.

Jews from throughout Europe were Jews from throughout Europe were forced from their homes and required forced from their homes and required to live in ghettos.to live in ghettos.

Warsaw GhettoWarsaw Ghetto

Nazis rounded up Nazis rounded up more than 400,000 more than 400,000 Jews (which is about Jews (which is about 30% of the Polish 30% of the Polish capital’s population) capital’s population) and confined them and confined them in an area that was in an area that was less than 3% of the less than 3% of the entire cityentire city

Warsaw GhettoWarsaw Ghetto The Warsaw ghetto was The Warsaw ghetto was

sealed off with a wall sealed off with a wall topped with barbed wire topped with barbed wire and guarded by Germans.and guarded by Germans.

Jews received little food, Jews received little food, and hunger, and hunger, overcrowding, and a lack overcrowding, and a lack of sanitation brought on of sanitation brought on disease.disease.

Each month thousands of Each month thousands of Jews died in the ghetto.Jews died in the ghetto.

Postcard, sent from the Ghetto

Deportations Throughout Deportations Throughout Europe (1944-1945)Europe (1944-1945)

Nazis Nazis systematically systematically round up Jews round up Jews throughout Europe throughout Europe and transport them and transport them to death camps in to death camps in Eastern Europe.Eastern Europe.

Final Solution (1942-1945)Final Solution (1942-1945)

Nazi officials agree to Nazi officials agree to move forward with a plan move forward with a plan to kill all European Jews. to kill all European Jews.

Death camps are built Death camps are built specifically for this specifically for this purpose; deportations of purpose; deportations of Jews throughout Europe Jews throughout Europe begin.begin.

Six million Jews are Six million Jews are killed.killed.

Who were the victims?Who were the victims?

Jews Jews Gypsies Gypsies Homosexuals Homosexuals The mentally illThe mentally ill The physically disabled The physically disabled The incurably illThe incurably ill

What were the Concentration Camps, What were the Concentration Camps, Forced Labor Camps, and Forced Labor Camps, and

Extermination CampsExtermination Camps?? A concentration camp A concentration camp

was a common center was a common center where the Nazi SS where the Nazi SS gathered the Jews and gathered the Jews and other victims. Those other victims. Those strong enough were strong enough were selected by the Nazis for selected by the Nazis for forced labor.forced labor.

In the extermination In the extermination camps the Nazis camps the Nazis systematically murdered systematically murdered the prisoners by hanging, the prisoners by hanging, gassing, and firing gassing, and firing squads. squads.

Sorting the shoes of victims in Auschwitz.

Auschwitz Today…Auschwitz Today…

A view of the A view of the entrance to entrance to AuschwitzAuschwitz

Firing WallFiring Wall

Barracks where prisoners slept…Barracks where prisoners slept…