Post on 24-Apr-2015
description
Art History ReviewGreek-Etruscan-Roman
By Danielle Hernandez
Must Knows for Greek/Etruscan/Roman
Maps of areas studied Typical paintings from Pompeii and Herculaneum and
views of homes Villa of Cicero mosaic, Pompeii Monumental head of Constantine The Tetrarchs Augustus of Prima Porta Portrait of young Flavian lady Patrician with two acestor busts Arch of Titus with the two reliefs (only one is in your
text) Trajan’s column
Must Knows for Greek/Etruscan/Roman
Ara Pacis Pantheon, inside, outside, plan, etc. Temple of Portunus Colosseum, city of Rome Two views of interior of tombs from Tarquinia,
showing paintings Interior of Tomb of Shields and Chairs Sarcophagus from Cerveteri Apollo of Veii Wounded Chimera Reconstruction of the temple at
Must Knows for Greek/Etruscan/Roman
Laocoön and His Sons Boy Wrestling with the Goose Head of Alexander from Pergamon The Scraper Aphrodite of Knidos Parthenon, inside, outside, plan, etc. (not Pantheon!)
Spear Bearer Warrior from Riace Zeus Charioteer (NOT in text)
Etruria and the Etruscan Domination
Etruria and the Etruscan Domination
Roman Empire
ZeusWHO: ---WHAT: BronzeWHERE: Found in the sea off Cape Artemision (now in Athens)
WHEN: c. 450 BC
HOW: Lost-wax processSIZE: 6’10¼”
Lost-wax process – a process for casting bronze in which wax is modeled over a clay or plastic core, the wax melts out, the mold is filled with bronze, and the clay is cut away.
Warrior from RiaceWHO: ---WHAT: Bronze w/ bone, glass paste, and copper inlayWHERE: Reggio Calabria, ItalyWHEN: c. 450 BC
HOW: ---SIZE: 6’ 6 4/5”
Spear Bearer WHO: PolykleitosWHAT: Marble copy of bronzeWHERE: NaplesWHEN: c. 440 BC
HOW: ---SIZE: 6’11½’
The ParthenonWHO: Iktinos and Kallikrates WHAT: Pentelic marbleWHERE: AthensWHEN: 447-438 BC
HOW: Thin, curved, Doric columns, decorative frieze, trigliphs match the fluting, etc. Know your column!
SIZE: 111’ x 237’
The Parthenon
The Parthenon
Aphrodite of KnidosWHO: PraxitelesWHAT: MarbleWHERE: RomeWHEN: c. 350 BC
HOW: ---SIZE: 6’8¾”
Head of AlexanderWHO: ---WHAT: MarbleWHERE: Pergamon (now in Istanbul)WHEN: c. 200 BC
HOW: ---SIZE: 1’4”
Boy Wrestling with a GooseWHO: ---WHAT: Marble copy of Hellenistic originalWHERE: Now in ParisWHEN: c. 150 BC
HOW: ---SIZE: 2’9½”
Laocoön and his SonsWHO: ---WHAT: Marble WHERE: Rome (Roman copy of Hellenistic statue)
WHEN: 1st century AD
HOW: ---SIZE: 7’
This boy wasn’t a
part of the original.
The Romans added it
Reconstruction of the Temple at VeiiWHO: VitruviusWHAT: Waddle and daub; gabled porches but not pediments; stone podium; wooden roof; terra-cotta decorative sculpture
WHERE: Veii, Etruria WHEN: 515-490BCHOW: Waddle and daub construction (waddle=branches / daub=clay & mud)
SIZE: ---
Wounded Chimera WHO: ---WHAT: BronzeWHERE: ArezzoWHEN: 2nd quarter of the 4th century BC
HOW: ---SIZE: 31.5”
Apollo of VeiiWHO: ---WHAT: Painted terra-cottaWHERE: VeiiWHEN: c. 515 BC
HOW: Terra-cotta was an Etruscan favorite. It is modeled while still wet and details are added later with hand-tools
SIZE: 5’10”
The ScraperWHO: ApoxyomenosWHAT: Marble copy of a Bronze originalWHERE: Rome (Roman copy of Greek)
WHEN: c. 320 BC
HOW: ---SIZE: 6’9”
Charioteer WHO: ---WHAT: BronzeWHERE: DelphiWHEN: c. 474 BC
HOW: Lost-wax processSIZE: ---
Interior of Tombs from TarquiniaWHO: ---WHAT: ---WHERE: ---WHEN: c. 400-600 BC
HOW: Tufa is a stone made from volcanic ash. It is pliable but turns very hard in air. (not like play dough)
SIZE: ---
Invading people respected them and didn’t destroy/loot. More like crypts than tombs with multiple bodies in each. Jars and urns found with entrails- some with portrait heads on them.
Tomb of the Shields and ChairsWHO: ---WHAT: TufaWHERE: Cerveteri WHEN: c. 550 BC
HOW: ---SIZE: 29’ x 11.5’
Sarcophagus from Cerveteri WHO: ---WHAT: painted terra-cottaWHERE: CerveteriWHEN: C. 520 BC
HOW: ---SIZE: 6’ 7”
ColosseumWHO: ---WHAT: Concrete; travertine; tufa; brick; marble
WHERE: RomeWHEN: 72-80 AD
HOW: Arches create the circular shape
SIZE: 615’ x 510’
Temple of PortunusWHO: ---WHAT: StoneWHERE: RomeWHEN: late 2nd century BC
HOW: High pedestal and front porch like Etruscan, smaller canopy and taller like Greek, also engaged columns
SIZE: ---
The PantheonWHO: ---WHAT: Concrete (poured); marble; brick
WHERE: RomeWHEN: 117-125 AD
HOW: Dome is poured cement (seamless) with coffers and one hole in the center. Entrance gets narrower before you enter the rotunda to give an illusion that it is bigger than it really is.
SIZE: ---
The Pantheon
The Pantheon
Rotunda
Niche w/ statue
Pier
Empty Vault
The Pantheon
Ara PacisWHO: ---WHAT: MarbleWHERE: RomeWHEN: 13-9 BC
HOW: ---SIZE: 34’ 5” x 38’ x 23’
Marble reliefSouth side: 5’3”
Traceries – a decorative interlaced design (here it is of elegant vine-scrolls)
Trajan’s ColumnWHO: ---WHAT: Marble reliefWHERE: RomeWHEN: 113 AD
HOW: ---SIZE: 138’ (Each band of the frieze is 36” high)
Its frieze is one of the most informative historical documents of life in the Roman army.
Trajan’s ColumnWHO: ---WHAT: Marble reliefWHERE: RomeWHEN: 113 AD
HOW: ---SIZE: 138’ (Each band of the frieze is 36” high)
Its frieze is one of the most informative historical documents of life in the Roman army.
Arch of TitusWHO: ---WHAT: Concrete w/ marble veneer
WHERE: RomeWHEN: 81 AD
HOW: ---SIZE: 50’ h; 40’ w
Arch of Titus (Relief 1) Spoils from the temple of Jerusalem WHAT: Marble WHERE: Rome SIZE: 6’ 7”
Arch of Titus (Relief 2) Triumph of Titus WHAT: Marble WHERE: Rome SIZE: 6’ 7”
Patrician with two ancestor bustsWHO: ---WHAT: MarbleWHERE: RomeWHEN: Late 1st century BC
HOW: ---SIZE: 5’5”
Portrait of a young Flavian ladyWHO: ---WHAT: MarbleWHERE: RomeWHEN: c. 90 AD
HOW: ---SIZE: 2’1”
Augustus of Prima PortaWHO: ---WHAT: MarbleWHERE: RomeWHEN: early 1st century AD
HOW: ---SIZE: 6’8”
The cupid riding the dolphin
reminds Augustus that he
is a descendant of Venus and is
thus divine.
The Tetrarchs WHO: ---WHAT: PorphyryWHERE: Constantinople (now in Venice)WHEN: 300 AD
HOW: ---SIZE: 51” (4’3”)
Porphyry – A hard igneous rock containing crystals, usually of feldspar, in a fine-grained, typically reddish groundmass. Used as decorative building stone
Monumental head of ConstantineWHO: ---WHAT: ---WHERE: Basilica of Constantine, RomeWHEN: 313 AD
HOW: ---SIZE: 8’6”
Mosaic from the Villa of CiceroWHO: ---WHAT: MosaicWHERE: PompeiiWHEN: Period of the RepublicHOW: ---SIZE: 17 x 14”
Typical Paintings from Pompeii and HerculaneumWHO: Many skilled artisansWHAT: Mostly wet frescoes; some mosaics
WHERE: Pompeii, ItalyWHEN: 1st century AD
HOW: Paintings were not too detailed. Meant for decoration. Not meant to be permanent. Often light and congenial scenes. Also still-lifes. Many illusions (i.e. windows and pillars).
SIZE: ---
Typical Paintings from Pompeii and HerculaneumWHO: Many skilled artisansWHAT: Mostly wet frescoes; some mosaics (for the wealthy)
WHERE: Pompeii, ItalyWHEN: 1st century AD
HOW: Paintings were not too detailed. Meant for decoration. Not meant to be permanent. Often light and congenial scenes. Also still-lifes. Many illusions (i.e. windows and pillars).
SIZE: ---
View of Homes in PompeiiWHO: ---WHAT: Few windows, center courtyard, many paintings/décor
WHERE: Pompeii, ItalyWHEN: 1st century AD
HOW: ---SIZE: ---
Old St. Peter’sWHO: ---WHAT: Baptized columns; Wood; brick; stone
WHERE: RomeWHEN: 333-390 AD
HOW: Wooden gable roof
SIZE: 368’
Compare to Egyptain Hypostyle Hall (Temple of Amon-Ra)
Old St. Peter’s (Floor Plan)
San Vitale (Exterior)
WHO: Commissioned by Ecclesius WHAT: Stone (some wood)WHERE: RavennaWHEN: 540-547 AD
HOW: Simple on the outside (flesh) and ornate on the inside (soul).
SIZE: ---
San Vitale (Interior)
WHO: Commissioned by Ecclesius WHAT: Gold, tesserae, mosaicsWHERE: RavennaWHEN: 540-547 AD
HOW: Basketweave capitalSIZE: ---
San Vitale (Floor Plan)