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Preliminary ReportUpdated August 01, 2012

Appendix AEtruscan declension patterns as they relate to Greek, Latin & Sanskrit

(From (http://www.maravot.com/Etruscan_Phrases_a.html since July 1998.)by Mel Copeland

Use in conjunction with Accentuations of the Etruscan language that are comparable toIndo-European declension patterns The following Etruscan declension patterns are similar to Latin patterns. Peculiarities such as the suffix “V8” – possibly Latin “ob” and Sanskrit “bhyaḥ” are noted. The locations of the words can be found in the Etruscan GlossaryA.pdf, a glossary of 2,500+ Etruscan words. PATRE8VM may be PATRE8VS.The declension tables of the Etruscan language appear to involve a few cases that are different from Latin, i.e., as with the case of PINA, 8RATER et al. The function of the suffix “EI” and “AI” has yet to be discerned. These may be contrasted with “IA” which is used in proper names, such as the names of gods: TINIA, VNIA, PHABIA, THIA, 8EIA, 8VIA, Tarquinia, etc. “IE” is used in familiar nouns such as PHERIE, VLIE, PINIE, TERTIE, TIE and 8IE. These documents are intended as an appendix to our Work note: Introduction to the Etruscan language.

‘father’ Etruscan Greek Latin Sanskrit 1

N. Sing. PATIR πατιρ pater Pita, pitRN. Plur. patresAcc. Sing. πατερα patrem pitáramAcc. Plur. patresGen. Sing. πατρος patris pitÚh

1 Sanskrit grammar from http://sanskrit.inria.fr

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Gen. Plur. patrumAbl./Dat. Sing. PATRE patre, -iAbl./Dat. Plur. PATRE8UM patribus

‘brother’N. Sing. 8RATER φρατιρ frater Bhrǟta, bhrAtRN. Plur. fratresAcc. Sing. fratrem bhrǟtaramAcc. Plur. 8RATRVS fratres bhrAtraGen. Sing. φρατεροσ fratris bhrǟtuhGen. Plur. 8RATRVM fratrumAbl./Dat. Sing. 8RATRV fratre, -iAbl./Dat. Plur. fratribus

‘mother’N. Sing. MATERi μήτηρ mater Mātǟ, mAtRN. Plural matresAcc. Sing. MATRE μητέρα matrem mātáramAcc. Plur. matresGen. Sing. μητροσ matris matÚhGen. Plur.Abl./Dat. Sing. matre, matriAbl./Dat. Plur. MATRV8 2 matribus

‘daughter’N. Sing. FILE thygatera fillia duhitāḥ, putrIN. Plur. FILAE filiae duhitāḥAcc. Sing. filiam duhitāmAcc. Plur. filiabusGen. Sing. filiae duhitaḥGen. Plur. filiarumAbl./Dat. Sing. filia,-ae duhitaḥ, duhiteAbl./Dat. Plur. filiabus duhitābhyaḥ

‘son’

2 ) MATRV8 – The “V8” “ob,” “ub” suffix appears to be a contraction of “obus, ubus” ; however, L. mater-tris, maternus-a-um fall into 2nd declension which does not have the “ebus” “ibus” plural suffix. The dropped final syllable is consistent in the Latin-Etruscan shift.

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N. Sing. FILVS γιος filius putraN. Plur. FILVI filiiAcc. Sing. filiumAcc. Plur. filiosGen. Sing. FILVI filiiGen. Plur. filiorumAbl./Dat. Sing. FILVI? filioAbl./Dat. Plur. filiis

‘people’N. Sing. άνθρωποι populus prajāḥ janatAN. Plur. PVPLA populi-a prajāḥAcc. Sing. PVPVLVM populum prajāmAcc. Plur. populosGen. Sing. populi prajaḥGen. Plur. populorumAbl./Dat. Sing. populo prajaḥAbl./Dat. Plur. populis prajābhyaḥ

‘wine’N. Sing. VIN krasi vinum madyaN. Plur. VINA vini,-aAcc. Sing. VINVM vinumAcc. Plur. vinosGen. Sing. VINEI viniGen. Plur. vinorumAbl./Dat. Sing. vinoAbl./Dat. Plur. vinis

‘holy’N. Sing. SAKRE agios sacer bhagavānaḥ, pAvanaN. Plur. SAKRA sacra bhagavānāḥAcc. Sing. sacrum bhagavānamAcc. Plur. sacros, -aGen. Sing. sacri bhagavānasyaGen. Plur. sacrorumAbl./Dat. Sing. SAKREV sacro bhagavānāya

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Abl./Dat. Plur. SAKRE8 2 sacris bhagavānebhyaḥ

‘sack’N. Sing. SAC apolyo sacculus syUtaN. Plur. sacculiAcc. Sing. sacculumAcc. Plur. sacculosGen. Sing. sacculiGen. Plur. sacculorumAbl./Dat. Sing SACV sacco verb? sacculoAbl./Dat. Plur. SACE8 2 sacculis

‘arrow’N. Sing. PINA βέλος pina bANaN. Plur. PINI pinaeAcc. Sing. pinamAcc. Plur. PINAS pinasGen. Sing. PINIE pinaeGen. Plur. PINES pinarumAbl./Dat. Sing. pina, pinaeAbl./Dat. Plur. PINA8 pinis

‘ground’N. Sing. VM edafos, gi, basi humus avaniN. Plur. VMA humi Acc. Sing. humumAcc. Plur. humosGen. Sing. humiGen. Plur. humorumAbl./Dat. Sing. humoAbl./Dat. Plur. VMIS humis

‘Etruscan’N. Sing. RAS

2 ) MATRV8 – The “V8” “ob,” “ub” suffix appears to be a contraction of “obus, ubus” ; however, L. mater-tris, maternus-a-um fall into 2nd declension which does not have the “ebus” “ibus” plural suffix. The dropped final syllable is consistent in the Latin-Etruscan shift.3 Suffix “NE” and “NA” appear to be augmentative suffixes, as Italian “-one” - a suffix to add impressiveness to a word.

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N. Plur.Acc. Sing. RASNA 3

Acc. Plur.Gen. Sing. RASNEGen. Plur.Abl./Dat. Sing.Abl./Dat. Plur. RASNES

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‘Italia’N. Sing. Ιταλία ItaliaN. Plur. ItaliaeAcc. Sing. ITALA ItaliamAcc. Plur. ItaliasGen. Sing. ITALE ItaliaeGen. Plur. ItaliorumAbl./Dat. Sing. ItaliaeAbl./Dat. Plur. Italis

‘Achilles’N. Sing. AKL αχιλλεύςN. Plur.Acc. Sing.Acc. Plur.Gen. Sing. AKLEGen. Plur.Abl./Dat. Sing.Abl./Dat. Plur.

‘Tyndareus’N. Sing.N. Plur.Acc. Sing.Acc. Plur.Gen. Sing. TVNTLEGen. Plur.Abl./Dat. Sing.Abl./Dat. Plur. TVNTLES

‘Rome’N. Sing. RVM Ρώμη RomaN. Plur. RVMII RomaeAcc. Sing. ROMNA 3 RomamAcc. Plur. Romas

3 Suffix “NE” and “NA” appear to be augmentative suffixes, as Italian “-one” and a suffix to add impressiveness to a word.

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Gen. Sing. ROMNE RomaeGen. Plur. RomarumAbl./Dat. Sing. RVMA Roma, -aeAbl./Dat. Plur. Romis

‘Avona’N. Sing. Avernus?N. Plur. AverniAcc. Sing. A8VNAAcc. Plur. A8VNASGen. Sing.Gen. Plur.Abl./Dat. Sing.Abl./Dat. Plur. A8VNES

‘wheel’N. Sing. RVT trochos, gyrizo rota cakrIN. Plur. rotaeAcc. Sing. RVTEM rotamAcc. Plur. rotasGen. Sing. RVTE rotaeGen. Plur. rotarumAbl./Dat. Sing. RVTA rota-aeAbl./Dat. Plur. RVTAS rotis

‘thunder’ ‘tone’N. Sing. TVN τόνος tonitrus sphūrjaḥ, N. Plur. TVNI tonitrus sphūrjāḥAcc. Sing. TVNAM tonitrum sphūrjamAcc. Plur. tonitros-aGen. Sing. TVNE tonitrus sphūrjasyaGen. Plur. tonitrorumAbl./Dat. Sing. TVNA tonitru-ui Sphūrjāt, sphūrjāyaAbl./Dat. Plur. tonitribus sphūrjebhyaḥ

‘Earth’N. Sing. TER gi, choma terra dharaḥ, pRthivI

N. Plur. TERI terrae dharāḥ

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Acc. Sing. TERIM teram dharamAcc. Plur. terrasGen. Sing. terrae dharasyaGen. Plur. terrarumAbl./Dat. Sing. terra-ae dharāt, dharāyaAbl./Dat. Plur. terris dharebhyaḥ

‘three’N. Sing. xN. Plur. TRES, m.f. TREI,ii n. τρία tres, m,f, tria, n trihAcc. Sing. xAcc. Plur. trium trimGen. Sing. xGen. Plur.. TRE tres, tria treḥAbl./Dat. Sing. x treḥ, traye?Abl./Dat. Plur. tribus tribhyaḥ‘three at a time” trini tris

trinaetrina

Instrumental TRINUM trinum triṇā, tribhyām, tribhiḥ,

‘seat’N. Sing. SETIS κάθισμα, έδρα, sedes āsanaḥ, AsandaN. Plur. sedis āsanāḥAcc. Sing. SETVM sedem āsanamAcc. Plur. sedesGen. Sing. SETI sedei āsanasyaGen. Plur. SETVM sedumAbl./Dat. Sing. sede-ei āsanāt, āsanāyaAbl./Dat. Plur. SETIV sedebus āsanebhyaḥ

‘lord’ ? ‘triumph’ N. Sing. LER archontas laurus adhipatiN. Plur. LERI lauruiAcc. Sing. laurumAcc. Plur. lauros, -aGen. Sing. LERE lauriGen. Plur. laurorum

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Abl./Dat. Sing. LERV lauroAbl./Dat. Plur. LERES lauris

‘goat’N. Sing. CAPER τράγος, γίδα caper ajAN. Plur. CAPERI capriAcc. Sing. caprumAcc. Plur. caprosGen. Sing. CAPERE capriGen. Plur. caporumAbl./Dat. Sing. caproAbl./Dat. Plur. capris

‘savior’N. Sing. SVTER σωτήρ soter uddhAraka, trAtRN. Plur. SVTRIS soterisAcc. Sing. SVTRA soteraAcc. Plur. sotros-aGen. Sing. sotriGen. Plur. sotorumAbl./Dat. Sing. SVTRV sotroAbl./Dat. Plur. sotros-a

‘port, door’N. Sing. PVRTA πόρτο porta dvāraḥ, dvAraN. Plur. PVRTI portae dvārāḥAcc. Sing. portam dvāramAcc. Plur. portos

Gen. Sing. portae dvārasyaGen. Plur. portorum

Abl./Dat. Sing. porta-ae dvārāt, dvārāyaAbl./Dat. Plur. portis dvārebhyaḥ

‘leader, archon’N. Sing. ARCIA αρχηγός nAyakaN. Plur. αρχηγοιAcc. Sing. ARCAMEN

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Acc. Plur.Gen. Sing.Gen. Plur.Abl./Dat. Sing. ARCIVAbl./Dat. Plur.

‘Anio river?’N. Sing. ANIAN. Plur. ANIAcc. Sing.Acc. Plur.Gen. Sing. ANEGen. Plur.Abl./Dat. Sing.Abl./Dat. Plur.

‘Arno’ riverN. Sing. ARNVN. Plur. ARNAAcc. Sing.Acc. Plur.Gen. Sing. ARNVIGen. Plur.Abl./Dat. Sing.Abl./Dat. Plur. ARNVIS

‘reign’N. Sing. βασίλισσα regnum rAjJI, pratipattiN. Plur. βασιλεία, regniAcc. Sing. regnumAcc. Plur. RINVS regnosGen. Sing. RINE regniGen. Plur. regnorumAbl./Dat. Sing. RINV regnoAbl./Dat. Plur. RINES regnis

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‘Velcha’N. Sing. 8ELCIAN. Plur.Acc. Sing.Acc. Plur.Gen. Sing.Gen. Plur.Abl./Dat. Sing.Abl./Dat. Plur. 8ELCES

‘flesh’ σάρκα caro-carnis pizitaN. Sing. CARNA6 caroN. Plur. KARNE carnesAcc. Sing. carnemAcc. Plur. KARNVS carnesGen. Sing. CARNIS carnisGen. Plur. carnumAbl./Dat. Sing. KARNE carni, -eAbl./Dat. Plur. carnibus

‘Artemis’N. Sing. ARTVME αρτέμηN. Plur. ARTVMESAcc. Sing.Acc. Plur. ARTVMESGen. Sing. ARTVMISGen. Plur.Abl./Dat. Sing.Abl./Dat. Plur.

‘Atis’N. Sing. ATIAN. Plur. ATIAcc. Sing.Acc. Plur. ATVSGen. Sing. ATIE

6 “K” and “C” are sometimes interchanged.

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Gen. Plur.Abl./Dat. Sing. ATEAbl./Dat. Plur. ATES

‘Atijeria’N. Sing. ATIIERN. Plur. ATTIIERIAcc. Sing.Acc. Plur. ATTIIERIEGen. Sing. ATTIERIAGen. Plur. ATTIRIER?Abl./Dat. Sing. ATTIERIVAbl./Dat. Plur. ATTIERIES

‘light, lighthouse’ ‘lighthouse’N. Sing. PHER φως, φάρος pharus jvAlaka, dIpagRhaN. Plur. PHERI phariAcc. Sing. pharumAcc. Plur. pharos-aGen. Sing. PHER phariGen. Plur. pharorumAbl./Dat. Sing. pharoAbl./Dat. Plur. PHERIS pharis

‘Ionians’N. Sing. ιωνία IoniaN. Plur. IonaeAcc. Sing. IonamAcc. Plur. IonasGen. Sing. IVNE IonaeGen. Plur. IonarumAbl./Dat. Sing. IVNIV Iona, -aeAbl./Dat. Plur. IVNAS Ionis

‘funeral pile’N. Sing. RVK rugus cityAN. Plur. RVCA rugi, -aAcc. Sing. RVCIV rugum

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Acc. Plur. RVCA rugos, -aGen. Sing. rugiGen. Plur. rugorumAbl./Dat. Sing. RVCV rugoAbl./Dat. Plur. rugis

‘Janus,’ doorwayN. Sing. IAN ianuaN. Plur. ianuaeAcc. Sing. ianuamAcc. Plur. ianuasGen. Sing. ianuiGen. Plur. ianuarumAbl./Dat. Sing. IANNA ianuae, -aAbl./Dat. Plur. IANAS ianuis

‘Tini = Jupiter’N. Sing. TINN. Plur.Acc. Sing. TINIA 4

Acc. Plur.Gen. Sing. TINIGen. Plur.Abl./Dat. Sing. TINeSAbl./Dat. Plur.

‘opponent, enemy’ hostis-isN. Sing. VST θυσιάζω, θυσία hostis amitra, tyAgaN. Plur. VSTIS hostisisAcc. Sing. VSTE hostemAcc. Plur. hostesGen. Sing. VSTIS hostisGen. Plur. hostum

4 ) The “IA” suffix appears to be a Gen. Sing. Case; however, in the name of Tin, Tini, we also have Tinia and Tins. Fitting this declension into a Latin declension is problematic. For instance, TINeS suggests a plural case or Gen. Sing. 3rd Declension. However, the god would not be addressed in a plural sense, unless the address referred to his state in a plural case.è

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Abl./Dat. Sing. VSTI hosti, -eAbl./Dat. Plur. hostibus

‘valley’N. Sing. 8AL κοιλάδα vall upatyakAN. Plur. 8ALES vallesAcc. Sing. vallemAcc. Plur. 8ALES vallesGen. Sing. 8ALAS vallisGen. Plur. vallumAbl./Dat. Sing. valle,-iAbl./Dat. Plur. vallibus

‘lioness’N. Sing. LEIA λέαινα lea siMhIN. Plur. leaeAcc. Sing. LEIEM leamAcc. Plur. leasGen. Sing. LEI leaeGen. Plur. learumAbl./Dat. Sing. LEI lea, -aeAbl./Dat. Plur. leis

‘Phoebus,’ godN. Sing. PHABIA φοίβος PhoebusN. Plur. PhoebiAcc. Sing. PhoebumAcc. Plural PHABAS PhoebosGen. Sing. PHABE PhoebiGen. Plur. PhoeborumAbl./Dat. Sing. PHABETO PhoeboAbl./Dat. Plur. Phoebis

‘era’N. Sing. ERAIA εποχή It. Era; Fr. ère RtuN. Plur. ERAAcc. Sing.Acc. Plur. ERAS

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Gen. Sing.Gen. Plur.Abl./Dat. Sing.Abl./Dat. Plur.

‘Po river?’N. Sing. PV, PVIAN. Plur.Acc. Sing.Acc. Plur.Gen. Sing.Gen. Plur.Abl./Dat. Sing.Abl./Dat. Plur.

‘god,’ ‘goddess’*N. Sing. THIA, TEIA5 θεός deus deva, devatAN. Sing. F.* TEIVA (TEIFA) diva

N. Plur. TEI, THEI deiAcc. Sing. TEIM deumAcc. Plur. TEUS (TEFS) deosGen. Sing. TEI, THEI deiGen. Plur. deorumAbl./Dat. Sing. TEU (TEF), THIV,

TIVdeo

Abl./Dat. Plur. deis

‘one’N. Sing. VN, VNE, VNAS ένας unus, m, una, f,

unum, n.ekam

N. Plur. x xAcc. Sing. VNEM, VNVM unumAcc. Plur. x xGen. Sing. VNIA, VNIAS uniusGen. Plur. x x

5 Sorting out the Latin declensions for god, goddess, divine etc. involves more consultation with the usage in texts. As a reference we have deus, divus, di, divi, dea, diva; It. dio, dia; Fr. dieu, dieux, deese.

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Abl.. Sing. VNV uno, m, una,f, uno, n.

Dat. Sing.. uni

‘way?’N. Sing. 8E dromos via vIthI, pathaN. Plur. 8EI viaeAcc. Sing. viumAcc. Plur. 8IAS viosGen. Sing. 8EIA veiGen. Plur. veorumAbl./Dat. Sing. 8EIV vioAbl./Dat. Plur. viis

‘lar, laris,’a godN. Sing. LAR larN. Plur. LARI laresAcc. Sing. laremAcc. Plur. laresGen. Sing. LARES larisGen. Plur. larumAbl./Dat. Sing. LARV lare, lariAbl./Dat. Plur. LARIS laribus

‘font,’ fountainN. Sing. PHVNT, PHVNTIA βρύση fontanus utsaN. Plur. fontanaAcc. Sing. fontanumAcc. Plur. PHVNTIA? fontanosGen. Sing. PHVNTE fontaniGen. Plur. fantanorumAbl./Dat. Sing. fontanoAbl./Dat. Plur. fontanis

‘stem’N. Sing. TIGA σταματώ stirps, truncus skandhadezaN. Plur. TIGIAcc. Sing. TIKAMAcc. Plur.

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Gen. Sing. TIGEGen. Plur.Abl./Dat. Sing.Abl./Dat. Plur.

‘Perae,’ townN. Sing. PERIAI iii PeraN. Plur. PERAE PeraeAcc. Sing. PERAEM PeramAcc. Plur. PerasGen. Sing. PeraeGen. Plur. PerarumAbl./Dat. Sing. PeraAbl./Dat. Plur. Peris

‘grating’? clatri-orumN. Sing. ενοχλητικός clatrus AstArakaN. Plur. KLETRA (enochlitikos) clatri, -aAcc. Sing. KLETRAM clatrumAcc. Plur. clatrosGen. Sing. KLETRE clatriGen. Plur. clatrorumAbl./Dat. Sing. clatroAbl./Dat. Plur. clatris

‘fate’N. Sing. FAS μοίρα fas (indecl.) vidhiN. Plur.Acc. Sing. FASIEAcc. Plur.Gen. Sing.Gen. Plur.Abl./Dat. Sing.Abl./Dat. Plur.

‘daughter-in-law’N. Sing. NVR Nύφη (nyfi) nurus-us putravadhUH

N. Plur. nurus

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Acc. Sing. nurumAcc. Plur. nurusGen. Sing. NVRA nurusGen. Plur. nuruumAbl./Dat. Sing. NVRE nuru, nuruiAbl./Dat. Plur. Nuru, nuribus

‘Spina,’ townN. Sing. SPINIAN. Plur. SPINIAcc. Sing. SPINAVMiv

Acc. Plur.Gen. Sing. SPINAGen. Plur.Abl./Dat. Sing.Abl./Dat. Plur.

‘Veleri,’ gensN. Sing. 8eLERN. Plur. 8eLERIAcc. Sing.Acc. Plur. 8eLERESGen. Sing. 8eLEREIGen. Plur.Abl./Dat. Sing. 8eLEREAbl./Dat. Plur.

‘light’N. Sing. φως, φάρος pharus jvAlakaN. Plur. PHERI, PHERIE phariAcc. Sing. pharumAcc. Plur. pharosGen. Sing. PHERIE phariGen. Plur. pharorumAbl./Dat. Sing. pharoAbl./Dat. Plur. PHERIS pharis

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‘day’ dies-ei, N. Sing. TIES μέρα dies divasaN. Plur. diesAcc. Sing. diemAcc. Plur. diesGen. Sing. THIE, TIE dieiGen. Plur. dierumAbl./Dat. Sing. die, m, diei, f.Abl./Dat. Plur. diebus

‘rock’N. Sing. PETR πέτρα parvatiN. Plur. πέτρεςAcc. Sing. πέτράAcc. Plur. PETRVS πέτρέςGen. Sing. πέτράςGen. Plur. πέτρώνAbl./Dat. Sing. PETRV πέτρώAbl./Dat. Plur.

‘Cato’ Cato-onisN. Sing. CATVN. Plur. KATIAcc. Sing.Acc. Plur. CATVSGen. Sing.Gen. Plur.Abl./Dat. Sing. CATE, KATEAbl./Dat. Plur.

‘Catellus’N. Sing. KATLVN. Plur.Acc. Sing.Acc. Plur.Gen. Sing.Gen. Plur.Abl./Dat. Sing. KATLE

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Abl./Dat. Plur. KATLES

‘house, casa’ casa-aeN. Sing. CASA σπίτι casa bhuvanaN. Plur. CASI casae bhuvanāḥAcc. Sing. casam bhuvanamAcc. Plur. CASVS casas bhuvanānGen. Sing. CASE casae bhuvanasyaGen. Plur. casarum bhuvanānāmAbl./Dat. Sing. CASI casa,-ae bhuvanātAbl./Dat. Plur. casis bhuvanebhyaḥ

‘sea’N. Sing. MAR θάλασσα mare samudraN. Plur. maris samudrāḥAcc. Sing. MARAM mare samudramAcc. Plur. maria samudrānGen. Sing. MARAS maris samudrasyaGen. Plur. MAREM marium samudrānāmAbl./Dat. Sing. mari samudrāyaAbl./Dat. Plur. maribus samudrbhyaḥ

‘lamb’ agna-aeN. Sing. AKNE αρνί agna avika, ajazizuN. Plur. AKNI agnaeAcc. Sing. AKNESVM agnamAcc. Plur. agnasGen. Sing. agnaeGen. Plur. agnarumAbl./Dat. Sing. AKNEV agna, -aeAbl./Dat. Plur. agnis

‘dead, black’N. Sing. ATER Νεκρός, μαύρος ater preta kRSNa, blackN. Plur. atraAcc. Sing. ATRVM atrumAcc. Plur. atrosGen. Sing. atri

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Gen. Plur. atriorumAbl./Dat. Sing. ATRV atroAbl./Dat. Plur. artris

‘two’N. Plur. TOIA, TOIE

(Phrygian)δυο duo, m, duae, f,

duo, n.dvi m. dve n.

Acc. Plur. duos, m, duas, f, duo,n.

Gen. Plur. duorumAbl./Dat. Plur. duobus

‘total’N. Sing. TVTAS ολικό totus sakala samasta adj.N. Plur. TVTHI, TVTA toti, tota yoga m. yukti f.Acc. Sing. totumAcc. Plur. TVTA totos, totaGen. Sing. TVTHIV totiusGen. Plur. totorumAbl./Dat. Sing. TVTHI totiAbl./Dat. Plur. totis‘often, so many times’

toties (-iens)

‘queen’N. Sing. RIN, RINA βασίλισσα regina rAjJIN. Plur. RINI reginaeAcc. Sing. RINAM reginamAcc. Plur. RINES reginasGen. Sing. RINE reginaeGen. Plur. reginarumAbl./Dat. Sing. RINA regina, reginaeAbl./Dat. Plur. reginis

‘third’N. Sing. τρίτος tertius tRtIyaN. Plur. TERTI, TERTIE terti-ae-aAcc. Sing. tertium-amAcc. Plur. tertios-as-a

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Gen. Sing. TERTI, TERTIE terti-aeGen. Plur. tertorum-arum

Abl./Dat. Sing. TERTV terto-ae-o

Abl./Dat. Plur. tertis

‘Tarquin’N. Sing.N. Plur.Acc. Sing.Acc. Plur. TARKVNVSv

Gen. Sing. TARKIEGen. Plur.Abl./Dat. Sing.Abl./Dat. Plur.

‘Parthian’N. Sing.N. Plur.Acc. Sing. PARTHIAMvi πάρθιοςAcc. Plur.Gen. Sing.Gen. Plur.Abl./Dat. Sing.Abl./Dat. Plur.

‘Perae’N. Sing. PERAEN. Plur. PERIAIAcc. Sing. PERAEMvii

Acc. Plur.Gen. Sing.Gen. Plur.Abl./Dat. Sing.Abl./Dat. Plur.

‘bird of omen’ pakSiNI ‘bird’N. Sing. AFIS πουλί, bird avis pakSizAlA ‘aviary’

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N. Plur. avesAcc. Sing. A8IM (AVIM)viii avemAcc. Plur. avesGen. Sing. avisGen. Plur. aviumAbl./Dat. Sing. ave, -iAbl./Dat. Plur. avibus

‘earth’ terra-ae pRthvIN. Sing. TERA Χώμα, γη terraN. Plur. TERI terraeAcc. Sing. TERIM terramAcc. Plur. terrasGen. Sing. terraeGen. Plur. terrarumAbl./Dat. Sing. TERI terra, -aeAbl./Dat. Plur. terris

‘king’N. Sing. RVI βασιλέας, ρήγας rex rajaN. Plur. (basilias, rigas) reges rajanahAcc. Sing. RVIM regem rajanamAcc. Plur. reges rajnahGen. Sing. RVIS regisGen. Plur. regumAbl./Dat. Sing. rege, regiAbl./Dat. Plur. regibusAdjective RVIAL regius, regis rājyá

‘sound, healthy’N. Sing. SAN, SANA υγιεινός, υγιής, adj. sanus-er-a svasthaḥ, agadaN. Plur. sani-ae-a svasthāḥAcc. Sing. SANIM sanum, -am svasthamAcc. Plur. sanos-as-aGen. Sing. sani, -ae svasthasyaGen. Plur. sanorum, -arumAbl./Dat. Sing. SANV sano, -ae svasthāt, svasthāyaAbl./Dat. Plur. sanis svasthebhyaḥ

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‘web, texture’ (possibly verb texo)N. Sing. ύφανση textura kulAyaN. Plur. TESARE texturaeAcc. Sing. TESIM texturamAcc. Plur. texturasGen. Sing. TESI texturaeGen. Plur. texturarumAbl./Dat. Sing. textura, -aeAbl./Dat. Plur. texturis

NOTES

(1) Sanskrit grammar from http://sanskrit.inria.fr(2) MATRV8 – The “V8” “ob,” “ub” suffix appears to be a contraction of “obus, ubus” ; however, L. mater-tris, maternus-a-um fall into 2nd declension which does not have the “ebus” “ibus” plural suffix. The dropped final syllable is consistent in the Latin-Etruscan shift.(3) Suffix “NE” and “NA” appear to be augmentative suffixes, as Italian “-one” and a suffix to add impressiveness to a word.(4) The “IA” suffix appears to be a Gen. Sing. Case; however, in the name of Tin, Tini, we also have Tinia and Tins. Fitting this declension into a Latin declension is problematic. For instance, TINeS suggests a plural case or Gen. Sing. 3rd Declension. However, the god would not be addressed in a plural sense, unless the address referred to his state in a plural case.(5) Sorting out the Latin declensions for god, goddess, divine etc. involves more consultation with the usage in texts. As a reference we have deus, divus, di, divi, dea, diva; It. dio, dia; Fr. dieu, dieux, deese.(6) General Comment: The words in our “Accentuations of the Etruscan language that are comparable to Indo-European declension patterns,” 6.21.11 that are not listed herein should fall into the above declensions. This document will be updated to fill in the blanks and make corrections.(7) Greek lexicon from http://www.kypros.org/cgi-bin/lexicon(8) Sanskrit lexicon from http://spokensanskrit.de (linked entries)

i Other –“ER” suffixes: PVSTER, PVST, PVSTE, PVSTI, TRIIVPER, TE8IPER, AKER, AKRV, HINeR, HINeRA, HINeRV, SVTER, SVTRA,SVTRV, SVTRIS, CAPER, CAPERE, CAPERI, CHIMeR, CHIMeRS, MATER, MATRA, MATRV, MATRV8, NAPER, NVPER, RAMVER, TAITeRii Other words ending in “EI” are: MVSEI, LICEI, ELINEI, ELINAI, PHERSIPNEI, VEI, VEIA, LEI, LEIA, LEIEM, PVLTVCEI, THRVNEI, VeLEREI, VeLERES, VeLER, VeLERE, VeLERI, PHASEI, TAEI, TAEIA, TEI, THEI, TEIA, TEF, TEIM,TEIS, TEIFA, TEFS (TEUS), TREI, TRE, TRES, TRINVM, VINEI, VASEI, VASE, VASiii Other words ending in “AI” are: ARA, ARAS, ARAI, CRVTHAI, ELINAI, AECAI, APRONAI, SIFAI, CRAI, TFA, TFE, TFAI (dua, etc.) ARMAI, MIDAI, ATAI, STV, STA, STE, STI, STAI, PERAEM, PERIAI, TIR, TIRV, TIRI, TIRAI, RVN, RVNS, RVNV, RVNEM, RVNA, RVNE, RVNI, RVNIS, APRVNAIiv Other –“VM” endings: AKNESVM, AKNE, AKNEV, AKNI, A8ERVM, A8ERA, A8RAS, PVPVLVM, PVPVLV, PVPLA, KATRVM, KATRV, PATRE8VM, PATRE, PATIR, 8RATRVM, 8RATER, 8RATRV, 8RATRVS

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v Other –“VS” ending in names/nouns: SFEITVS (Sueitos, name of haruspex) TAFVS, TELATOS, TELETA, TELOS, FELVS, CATVS, CATV, CATE, ERVS, VRVS, PETRVS, PETRV, PILVS, IAPVS, KAPIRVS, TELMVNVS (Ajax, son of Telemon), SERELVS, THANCHVILVS (of Tanaquil), KARNVS, KARNE, PVRVS, SITVS, FITVS, FILVS, FILAE, FILE, FILVI, FILVS, TIVS, TIV, TIE, TIFI (TIVI) TIES, TEFS (TEUS), METVS (Medusa), NEPERTVS, PASTVS, PAFVS, PVRIMVS, RINVS, RVRVS or RVDVS, SEVS (Zeus), 8VRVS, 8VRE.vi Other words ending in –“AM” : KLETRAM, KLETRA, CLETRAM, HERAM (L. Heraea-orum) PANATAM (L. Penates-ium), TESCAM (L. tesqua [tesca]-orum, TIKAM, TIGE (TIbE) TIbA, TIbI, PAR8AM, PARF, TVNAM, TVNA, TVN, TVNI, MARAM, MAR, MARAS, MAREM, SINAM, SINA, TIMAM, TIMEM (L. timens-entis)vii Other words ending in ‘EM’ include: MAREM, MAR, MARAS, MARAM, MARIS, RVTEM, RVT, RVTA, RVTAS, RVTE, LEIEM, LEIA, LEI (L. ea-ae), NVMEM (L. nomem-inis), VCEM, PANIEM (L. paean-anis, surname of Apollo or Pania, region near Chiuso, PERASCEM, PVLEM., SKENEM, SFEM (SUEM), SFIS, SFA, SFE, TITEM, TITE, TITV, VNEM, VNIA, VNIAS, VNE, VN, VNAS, VNO, VNUM.viii Other words with “IM” suffix : TISIM, TIS (L. Dis, Ditis), TERIM, TERA, TER, TERI, TESIM, TESI, TESARE, PINCIM, PINCA, SPVRERIM, SPVR, SPVRA, SPVRE, RVIM, RVIS, RVIS, RVIAL, NACIM, NATIM, VCHVLEIM, VCHSIEM, VRIM, SANIM, SAN, SANS, SANA, SANV, SPANeRIM, SPANSA, SPANTEA, SPANTI, TEIM, TEIFA,TEI, THEI, TEIA, TEF, TEIS

Copyright © 1981-2012 Mel Copeland. All rights reserved.Updated 8.01.12