Around the World in Around the World in 60 Days60 Days

March 11 to May 10, 2009March 11 to May 10, 2009China Airline – Honolulu to Hong Kong – 5546 milesChina Airline – Honolulu to Hong Kong – 5546 miles

Tahitian Princess – Hong Kong to Dover – 16,009 milesTahitian Princess – Hong Kong to Dover – 16,009 miles

Queen Mary 2 – Southampton to New York – 3460 milesQueen Mary 2 – Southampton to New York – 3460 miles

Delta Airline – New York to Honolulu - 4893 milesDelta Airline – New York to Honolulu - 4893 miles

30,000 Miles Traveled – 19,469 by Ship, 10,529 by Plane

2 to 52 degrees North – 3500 miles

Equator is 24,902 miles

Gibraltar – Lisbon, Portugal

TAHITIAN PRINCESS ROUTETAHITIAN PRINCESS ROUTE

Gibraltar, 4/25/2009Gibraltar, 4/25/2009

Tailess Barbary Apes

St. Michael’s Caves inside Rock of Gibraltar

Spain

Lisbon, Portugal - 4/26/2009Lisbon, Portugal - 4/26/2009

11/1/1755 Earthquake and 11/1/1755 Earthquake and TsunamiTsunami

Tsunami wave of 1 hour period Tsunami wave of 1 hour period Up to 20 m high at Lisbon, African and Up to 20 m high at Lisbon, African and

South European coasts.South European coasts. 4 meters high along the English coast.4 meters high along the English coast. 7 meters at Saba in West Indies after 7 meters at Saba in West Indies after

7 hours of travel. 7 hours of travel. Over 100,000 deaths from Earthquake Over 100,000 deaths from Earthquake

and Tsunamiand Tsunami

Lisbon TsunamiLisbon Tsunami

The Lisbon Earthquake and Tsunami was The Lisbon Earthquake and Tsunami was probably caused by a ~ 8.75-9.0 mag probably caused by a ~ 8.75-9.0 mag Earthquake located south of Gorringe Bank Earthquake located south of Gorringe Bank near the 1969 tsunami epicenter.near the 1969 tsunami epicenter.

Tsunami arrived at Lisbon 40 min to 1 hr Tsunami arrived at Lisbon 40 min to 1 hr after earthquake as a negative wave that after earthquake as a negative wave that emptied Lisbon’s Oeiras Bay to more than 1 emptied Lisbon’s Oeiras Bay to more than 1 mile out. Tsunami wave 20 m high followed mile out. Tsunami wave 20 m high followed by two waves an hour apart. by two waves an hour apart.

People fled the falling buildings and fire to People fled the falling buildings and fire to the river to then be drowned by tsunami the river to then be drowned by tsunami wave.wave.

20 Meter High Waves at Lisbon

Periods of 1.25-1.5 hours off US and Caribbean Coasts (up to 7 m)

300 Km 300 Km Radius Radius Earthquake Earthquake SourceSource

Earthquakes result from Sea Floor Spreading along theMid-Atlantic Ridge that pushes the Continents

Gorringe Gorringe BankBank

Flooding of the Castle of Bugio was also observed in 1755: Gentleman’s Magazine Dec 1755 p561 - I observed the sea at the bar to break feather white , as if agitated by a storm. The castle of Bugio was so far overcome by water, that the garrison fired several guns as signals for help, and were obliged to retire to the upper part of the tower.

Our Lisbon Hosts Our Lisbon Hosts Professors Maria Ana and Professors Maria Ana and Miguel Viana-Baptista of Miguel Viana-Baptista of

University of LisbonUniversity of Lisbon

Dr. Baptista is leading Scientist on 1755 Tsunami and Hazards

Survived Earthquake and Tsunami

Jeronimos Monastery Survived 1755 EventJeronimos Monastery Survived 1755 Event

Survived the 1755 EventSurvived the 1755 Event

Location of Pier where People in Courtyard went to Location of Pier where People in Courtyard went to escape fire and were overcome by Tsunami Waveescape fire and were overcome by Tsunami Wave

Centro de Geofisica University of LisbonCentro de Geofisica University of Lisbon

Lisbon 1755 TopographyLisbon 1755 Topography

Scale Model of 1755 Lisbon Scale Model of 1755 Lisbon Everything below 50 feet destroyed by TsunamiEverything below 50 feet destroyed by Tsunami

Most Buildings destroyed by Earthquake and Most Buildings destroyed by Earthquake and Fire that were above 100 feet Fire that were above 100 feet

University Museum Prints University Museum Prints

Opera House Cathedral

Before

After

Science of Tsunami HazardsScience of Tsunami HazardsVol. 19, No. 2, 93-99 (2001)Vol. 19, No. 2, 93-99 (2001)

Lisbon TodayLisbon Today

Monument of the Monument of the DiscoveriesDiscoveries

First Airplane to Fly from Portugal to BrazilFirst Airplane to Fly from Portugal to Brazil

Greeting when entering Harbor Greeting when entering Harbor