Analysis of Occupation from Multicultural

Aspect

Analysis of Occupation from Multicultural

Aspect

Karin Lilienberg, exchange lecturer

Tallinn Health College, Estonia

Riga 2006

Karin Lilienberg, exchange lecturer

Tallinn Health College, Estonia

Riga 2006

Culture

State of manners, taste and intellectual development at a time or place

Customs Achievements Products Outlook Hygiene, nutrition, exercise

Culture

Leadership in the family Attitudes towards work Values, roles Issue of language Differing etnicity Health beliefs and practices

Multicultural

– More than one culture– Supporting integration of people of

different countries, ethnic groups, and religions into all areas of society

Occupation

– Daily performance of purposeful activities

– Includes activities that are playful, restful, serious, and productive

– Reflects the unique characteristics (beliefs, preferences, experiences, environments, the specific patterns of behaviours) of the person

– Have some degree of personal meaning

Occupation

– A group of activities that has personal and sociocultural meaning, is named within a culture and supports participation in society.

– Occupations can be categorized as self-care, productivity and/ or leisure

Occupation

- Occupying or being occupied- what occupies one, means of filling up

one’s time, temporary or regular employment, business, calling, pursuit

- refers to all purposeful human activity

Wilcock (1998)

Occupation

• Generic term encompassing all aspects of a person’s engagement in roles, processes, activities or tasks in the course of daily life

Hagedorn (1995)

Activity

• The execution of a structured series of tasks that contributes to occupations

(http://www.enothe.hva.nl)

Purposeful activityPurposeful activity

Have personal meaning combined Have personal meaning combined with a goal-directed qualitywith a goal-directed quality

InvolveInvolve active engagement that active engagement that meets personal goals or needsmeets personal goals or needs

Therapeutic, purposeful activities are Therapeutic, purposeful activities are used to evaluate, facilitate, restore or used to evaluate, facilitate, restore or maintain an individual's abilities to maintain an individual's abilities to meet demands in his or her life to meet demands in his or her life to engage in occupationsengage in occupations

Meaning

Entire interpretive process in which an individual engages

Figuring things out or making sense out

Depends on the interaction of the person's developmental structure and occupational form

Purpose

• Experience of wanting an outcome to result from occupational performance

• Link between meaning, developmental structure, and occupational performance

(Nelson 1994:23)

Task A series of structured steps

(actions and/or thoughts) intended to accomplish a specific goal. This goal could either be:

1. The performance of an activity or

2. A piece of work the individual is expected to do

(http://www.enothe.hva.nl)

Function

• The underlying physical and psychological components that support occupational performance

• The capacity to use occupational performance components to carry out a task, activity or occupation

(http://www.enothe.hva.nl)

Connection between occupation, Connection between occupation,

activity, action and functionactivity, action and function

Life course repertoire of occupations Maintenance (self-care), productivity

(work, play), rest/ free time (leisure) Activity

To have a breakfast Action

To drink coffee Function / operation

To grip the cup

PLAY

DIGGING TUNNELS

PAINTING WATER- COLOURS

DANCINGPLAYING WITH DOLLS

SPREADING THE GROUND COLOR TO PAPER

HOLDING THE BRUSH

WETTING THE BRUSH

CHOOSING THE COLOR

PLANNING THE PICTURES

PAINTING THE PICTURES

OCCUPATION

ACTIVITY

ACTION

FUNCTIONSITTING IN A CHAIR

SEEING THE COLOURS

Occupational analysis

Hagerdorn (1997) describes occupational analysis as the ability to "understand the nature of an individual's participation and performance and what it means to him”

(focused on the person as doer)

Occupational analysis

Understanding the nature of the occupation, activity or task. (focused on the thing to be done).

Requirements to Requirements to occupationaloccupational analysis analysis

Participation analysisParticipation analysis existential analysisexistential analysis performance analysisperformance analysis occupational analysisoccupational analysis activity analysisactivity analysis task analysistask analysis applied analysis applied analysis

Hagedorn (1997)Hagedorn (1997)

Concepts connected to Concepts connected to activity analysisactivity analysis

Assessment:Assessment: Process that is based on the Process that is based on the

knowledge about clientknowledge about client AnalysisAnalysis

Logical, reductive process in the Logical, reductive process in the course of which something is course of which something is minutely examined and broken minutely examined and broken down into simple componentsdown into simple components

Activity analysisActivity analysis

Basic analysisBasic analysis Describes part of an occupationDescribes part of an occupation What is done, the order in which it is done and What is done, the order in which it is done and

the essential tools and materialsthe essential tools and materials Demand analysisDemand analysis

describes the demand which the task or activity describes the demand which the task or activity places on the participantplaces on the participant

Applied analysisApplied analysisConsiders the potential remedial benefits and Considers the potential remedial benefits and application for a specific condition or particular application for a specific condition or particular individual and how the task or activity might be individual and how the task or activity might be adapted to promote or enhance performanceadapted to promote or enhance performance

Task – focused activity analysis

Step 1 Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Step 6 Step 7

Step 8

Describe the activity Describe the typical age range of people

who are engaged in this activity Describe the environmental aspects of

the performance context List supplies and equipment needed to

carry out the activity Describe the safety hazards inherent in

this activity List the sequential steps of the activity What performance components are

needed for the activity Grading and adapting activity

Client-centered analysis

1. analysis of an occupational history

2. analysis of patterns of participation

3. analysis of performance demands and ability to respond

4. analysis of interests

Analysis of patterns of participation

• participation analysis– interests and patterns of engagement

• routine or habit analysis– degree of flexibility or rigid of such patterns

References:

• www.enothe.hva.nl• Hagedorn, R. 2000. Tools for

Practice in Occupational Therapy: A Structured Approach to Core Skills. Churchill Livingstone.