Post on 19-Oct-2020
Analog/Mixed Signal, Power Management, and
Data Converter Integrated Circuits and Systems
Presented by Prof. ZHENG Yuanjin, Programme Director
Contact: Yjzheng@ntu.edu.sg
01/10/2014
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Si SiO2 Mo AlAlN
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+
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BAW Resonator CMOS Oscillator IC
Si Substrate
Power Efficient ICs for Wireless and Energy Applications
Hybrid High Performance Integrated Circuits and Devices
Biomedical Sensor and Imaging Circuits and Systems
6mW 300MHz Pipeline ADC
Co
gnit
ive
Rad
io
Rad
ar C
hir
p G
en
FSK
/GM
SK/Q
PSK
TX
ISSCC 2013
Piz
oEn
ergy
Har
vest
LDO (JSSC)
Tunable High Q SAW Chip CMOS Compatible Integration
High/Low Speed ADC
SAW
Bas
ed
B
iose
nso
r
Ne
ura
l Re
cord
ing
IC
ISSCC 2013
Mic
row
ave
Aco
ust
ics
Imag
ing
Syst
em
Integrated Analog/Mixed Signal, Power Management, Data
Converter and Imaging Circuits, Devices and Systems (Programme Director: Zheng Yuanjin)
Key Achievements
3
1. Low Power ICs for Wireless
2. Power Efficient ICs for Energy
3. Key Analog/Mixed/Hybrid ICs
4. Biomedical ICs
Low Power ICs for Wireless
Cognitive MIMO Radio
• Next Generation Wireless Standard: Multiband Multimode Reconfigurable
• Wireless Industry convergence: 4G, LTE, IoT
DSP
ADC
ADC
DAC
Transmitter
Receiver
PLL
Tx data
Rx data
To TX Antenna
TX Array (N TX modules)
RX Array (N RX modules)
ST/SF coding
Modulation
ST/SF decoding
Demodulation … …
From RX Antenna
Cognitive TX/RX Module: 1,2,…N
Cognitive MIMO Radio
NotchFilter
5
Proposed Cognitive Radio Receiver
OSC/10MHz
Divider/4
Divider/250
Programmable Charge pump
(CP2)
PFD CP1
m-bit control signal
VCO1Vvaractor
Programmable Divider
PGA
ADC
ADC
Vref
I
Q
2 2I QLNA
0
T
dt
0
T
dt
N-bit
Other way to ctrl variable filter
Spread spectrum
Detected data
(channel selection )n-bit
C3
C2
I/Q
Lock Detector
wideband
I/Q
40kHz
ff0
BWdec
f(MHz)
BW:25MHz
86
9
89
4
88
1.5
25MHz
96
0
93
5
94
7.5
21
10
21
70
21
40
60MHz
Multiband spread spectrum generator
11 bit Counter
Vswitch cap
Integrator
correlator
Gm-C filterDSP
R1
R2
C1
Gm-C filter
This chip implementation
0/90
0.95 1 1.05
Frequency (GHz)
35MHz
50MHz
Measure Spread Spectrum Window
• Dual loop PLL
• Generate SS for spectrum sensing
• LO frequency is synthesized for
direct conversion
Measurement Results: Frequency Sensing
Receiver Performance Summary
Technology CMOS 0.18μm
Supply voltage 1.8 V
Operating frequency 800 MHz - 2.4 GHz
Noise Figure 5.9 dB
Sweep window 35, 50, 80MHz
PLL locking time 1.6 ms
RX average power
dissipation 130 mW
•First frequency domain sensing cognitive receiver
•Suitable for multi-standard and white space communication
•Ying Zhang, Yao Zhu, Xiaofeng He, Supeng Liu, Yuanjin Zheng, “A Cognitive Radio Receiver with
Frequency Domain Spectrum Sensing Based on the Windowed Spread Spectrum Correlation,”
Submitted to ISSCC 2014.
9
SAR
Lynx (Sandia
National
Laboratories)
Nusar (Utah
University Res.
Foundation)
MicroSAR
(Brigham
Young
University)
NanoSAR
(ImSAR, USA)
Our SAR
Weight (Kg) 54.43 8.6 2.268 1 < 1 (RF)
Frequency band Ku L/X L/C X Ku
Bandwidth (MHz) 500 500 160 150 1000
Highly integrated IC chip with hybrid microwave module will be the ultimate solution for miniaturizing radar systems
Reduction of Size/Weight/Power/Cost (X 10-50) Performance improvement (X5) Assembled Radar
System
Modular System
IC System
Comparisons with other SARs
Chip measurements and imaging applications
2nd Reflector
1st Reflector 1
st Reflector
2nd
Reflector
Chip Measurement: slant ranging
Vehicle Tracking
Maritime & Littoral
Maritime & Littoral Oil Spills Terrain Elevation
Reconnaissance&
Surveillance
FMCW Synthesizer Measurement Results
Measured fout spectrum 8G-11G
ISSCC
2011
ISSCC
2009
ISSCC
2007
COMCAS
2008 This
work
Fc (GHz) 82 77 19 5.8 10
BW (MHz) 1500 600 513 150 3000
Linearity
(×10-4) 1.2 1.5 -- -- 1.3
Power (mW) 152 101 157 25 8.4
(a) Locking at single frequency (b) Triangularly modulated chirp
(c) Highly linear output frequency versus time
(d) Benchmark table
In 65nm CMOS funded by MediaTek
Power Efficient ICs for Energy
13
A Self-Powered Power Conditioning IC for
Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting
• Harness power from short duration vibration and self
starts-up with a minimum 0.9V input voltage.
• Achieved a maximum power conversion efficiency of 54%.
• Implemented in a standard 0.18-μm CMOS process with
0.05 mm2 active area.
Published in TCAS II
Ultra low power SAW
based sensor and
transmitter
Chip and Measured Performance
Efficiency Startup Waveform with Pulsed Vibration
14
Output Power versus Load Impedance Chip Micrograph
15
A 110 pJ/b Multi-Channel FSK/GMSK/QPSK/π/4-DQPSK
Transmitter with Phase-Interpolated Dual-Injection DLL-based
Synthesizer Employing Hybrid FIR
Zheng Yuanjin and Team, School Of EEE, NTU (IME and NUS)
16
65nm CMOS Chip Measured Performance
Measured PIDI synthesizer frequency resolution.
Measured FSK/GMSK/QPSK/π/4-DQPSK output spectrums.
Constellation (FSK/GMSK/QPSK/π/4-DQPSK) and data rates.
Performance comparison with state-of-the-art low power TX ICs
• The work published in ISSCC 2013
Key Analog/Mixed/Hybrid ICs
A 10-bit 1GS/s 7.8mW 0.03mm² Four-Channel
Time-Interleaved SAR ADC in 65nm CMOS
JSSC
2013
JSSC
2013
JSSC
2014
ISSCC
2013
ISSCC
2014
ISSCC
2014
This
Work
This
Work
(w time
skew cal.)
Architecture TI-SAR Pipe-
line
Pipe
line TI-SAR TI-SAR TI-SAR TI-SAR
Technology (nm) 65 65 65 40 40 65 65
Supply voltage(V) 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.2
Power (mW) 44.6 19.0 7.1 10.8 93 18.9 7.8
Fs (GS/s) 2.8 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.6 1.0 1.0
Resolution(bit) 11 10 9 9 9 10 10
SNDR@
Nyquist(dB) 48.2 52.2 47.7 51.2 48.0 51.4 48.3 49.6
FoM
(fJ/con-step) 75.8 71.4 35.6 40.5 283 62.3 36.7 31.6
Active Area (mm2) 1.7 0.18 0.1 0.038 0.83 0.78 0.03
Submitted to ISSCC 2015
High Frequency SAW/BAW/MEMS Oscillators
Performance uniqueness:
Ultra low phase noise
Electrically tunable
Temperature compensated
Ultra low power consumption
19
• Market for MEMS based oscillators will grow to $140 million in 2012
• A key business for many big players: SiTime, Toyocom (part of Seiko Epson), Discera, ST-Micro, Metronics, Hua Wei.
Proposed tunable SAW Oscillator
Ideal Platform for NFC Applications
SAW Resonator Based Oscillator IC
Vdd
M2
M1
C2C1
Mb
M3
Figure 1. Modeling of the SAW resonator.
Figure 2. Simplified schematic of SAW resonator based Pierce
oscillator in GF 0.18 μm CMOS.
Reference [1]
TCAS-II
2012
[2]
MTT
2007
[3]
IUS 2005
This work
Center
frequency
315MHz 2.49GHz 545MHz 407MHz
Power 25mA/
12V
65mA/
5V
13.7mA/
2.7V
350μA/
1V
Phase noise
at 10kHz
offset
-159
dBc/Hz
-153
dBc/Hz
-120
dBc/Hz
-119
dBc/Hz
Circuit
Technology
discrete discrete 0.25μm
CMOS
0.18μm
CMOS
Resonator SAW SAW SAW SAW
FOM (dB) -224.2 -215.8 -207.1 -215.7
TABLE I. PERFORMANCE COMPARISON
-119.4 dBc/Hz
10kHz 100kHz 1MHz 10MHz
-127.7 dBc/Hz
-148.2 dBc/Hz -150.6 dBc/Hz
Figure 3. Measured phase noise of the SAW oscillator.
4 4.05 4.1 4.15
x 108
101
102
103
104
frequency (Hz)
Imp
ed
an
ce M
agn
itu
de (
Oh
m)
proposed modeling method
conventional modeling method
measurement result
Rs error
Δv/v & k2 error
Quality factor
~2300
SAW resonator fabricated in IME.
[1] Xianhe Huang; Yan Wang; Wei Fu, "Optimization and Realization of a 315-MHz Low-Phase-Noise Voltage-Controlled SAW Oscillator," Circuits and Systems II: Express
Briefs, IEEE Transactions on , vol.59, no.1, pp.16,19, Jan. 2012
[2] Jon-Hong Lin; Yao-Huang Kao, "A Low Phase-Noise Voltage-Controlled SAW Oscillator With Surface Transverse Wave Resonator for SONET Application," Microwave
Theory and Techniques, IEEE Transactions on , vol.55, no.1, pp.60,65, Jan. 2007
[3] Furuhata, M.; Yajima, A.; Goto, K.; Sato, H.; Funasaka, T.; Kawano, S.; Fujii, S.; Higuchi, T.; Ueno, M.; Karaki, T.; Adachi, M., "Development of monolithic CMOS-
SAW oscillator," Ultrasonics Symposium, 2005 IEEE , vol.4, no.,
65nm CMOS funded by MediaTek
Biomedical Wireless ICs
Wireless Capsule Endoscopy
Gao Yuan, Zheng Yuanjin etc. “An Asymmetrical QPSK/OOK Transceiver SoC and 15:1 JPEG Encoder IC
for Multifunction Wireless Capsule Endoscopy,” Journal of Solid State Circuit, 2013.
WCE System Configuration Transceiver Architecture
Chip Microphotography Measured TX EVM
Wireless Capsule Endoscopy
In-vivo Pig Experiment
(a) Measurement setup, (b) Endoscopic
view of the WCE in the stomach, (c)
External transceiver setup, and (d)
Received image displayed on the PC.
(a) Assembled WCE prototype
and (b) front and back sides of
the rigid-flex PCB system. Comparison of (a) original and (b)
compressed images for low
compression ratio of 11, and (c)
original and (d) compressed
images for high compression ratio
of 16.5.
In-vivo Imaging
The wireless capsule endoscopy system is under human trial at National University
Hospital, Singapore.
Collaboration with IME
System on Chip (SoC) Healthcare Monitor System
Ultra Low Power UWB Radio SoC (ISSCC 2008) Demonstrated: wireless real-time transmission of multi-trace bio-vital signals (ECG,
SpO2, Motion sensor)
ECG Channel 1 Probe
ECG Channel 2 Probe
SpO2 Probe
Antenna Battery Board
Motion Sensor
ECG
SpO2
3D- Motion
ECG
SPO2
3D-Motion
Analog IC
Digital SoC
24
3D Photoacoustic Macroscopy Imaging System
Imaging system diagram: Experiment result on phantom:
Control panel:
X-axis driver
Y-axis driver
Z-axis driver
Function generator
OPO Laser
Oscilloscope
ConLFC
ND filter
MMF
X Y
ZWater tank
US
X-Y-Z step motor
Sample
Amplifier
ConL
ConL
Result: 3D photoacoustic imaging is
demonstrated on phantom.
25
26
Phantom imaging results
(b): Coherent frequency domain image (a): Time domain image
High contrast images are obtained
Frequency method renders less noise (17 dB improvement)
Magnetically mediated thermoacoustic
(MMTA) imaging
* X.H. Feng, F. Gao, Y. J. Zheng, "Magnetically mediated thermoacoustic imaging toward deeper penetration", Appl.
Phys. Lett. 103, 083704 (2013).
27
Thermally modulated photoacoustic imaging: results
*X.H. Feng, F. Gao, Y. J. Zheng, “Thermally modulated photoacoustic imaging", Opt.
Lett., revised.
Effective background suppressed: insensitive to physiological movements
Thermally modulated microwave induced
TA/photoacoustics