An explanation of new EEC & British standards for terrorist CBRNe events

2010

www.hazmathood.com1

CEN WA 43 AND 44EUROPEAN DIRECTIVES FOR DEFENCE & PROTECTION OF

BUILDINGS & VICTIMS FROM TERRORIST CBRN EVENT

www.hazmathood.com

2

The Hazard

• Toxic atmospheres• Fire and smoke• Explosion (dust)• Terrorism CBRN• Pandemic• Industrial accident

www.hazmathood.com3

The risk

• Current focus on victim support• No current protection for victims• No protection for potential victims• Emergency services will be overloaded• Loss of citizen confidence post 1st event

www.hazmathood.com4

The threat

• Terrorism with us for 2 generations• Only a matter of time for dirty bomb• All business have fire alarms and procedures• Buncefield Chernobyl Bhopal• Asbestos dust in most pre 1999 buildings• Travel issues

www.hazmathood.com5

Vulnerability assessment

• 73% of fire victims die from smoke inhalation• 3 breaths of smoke unconscious• 53% of 9/11 victims have new lung problems• 11% of 9/11 victims suffered eye injury• It was illegal to issue PPE to potential victims

www.hazmathood.com6

Government awareness

• Go in Stay in Tune in• Fire services equipped with decontamination• Temporary mortuaries enlisted• Freezer lorries engaged• Power stations and waste disposal crematorium• 200,000 body bags purchased• 8000 police trained in terrorism CBRN response

www.hazmathood.com7

Victim protection

Lungs filled with contamination can’t be washed

www.hazmathood.com8

Wearing a protective hood through toxic atmosphere during evacuation is part of the new EEC new

guidelines and standards CEN WA 43

Gap analysis

• No time to assess hazards or risk• Victims use is not occupational• No time for training or fit testing• Cost and storage issues• Required to travel from “Hot Zone” to safety• 80 -20 Rule strip and wash ignores lungs

www.hazmathood.com9

The problem

• Potential victims not protected • Illegal to issue protection PPE 2002 regs • PPE regulations for occupational use only• Victims could never be protected • All resources on helping the victim• No planning to protect the victim

www.hazmathood.com

In an emergency you have no time to make assessments

10

European Solutions 2010

• New Guidelines & Standards CEN WA 43-44• Adopted by BSI • Duty holders identified• Standards of protection recommended• Victims and potential victims protected • Initial responders protected

www.hazmathood.com11

Duty Holders

• Employers• Facility and Security managers• Venue and large public issues• Travel & passenger safety• Visitors and trespassers

www.hazmathood.com12

www.hazmathood.com

Standards

• BSI British Standards Institute

• OSHA Occupational health & safety administration

• ISO ISO/TC 223 Jan 2006 investigating

• CEN European Committee standardisation

13

www.hazmathood.com

Respirator fit testing

• Cannot be worn with beard, spectacles• Leaks with beard growth• Leaks when speaking or moving• Leaks at perimeter seal due to filter efficiency• Better filtration increases leakage

14

www.hazmathood.com

Standard Description Filter class NPF

EN149 Filtering face piece FFP1FFP2FFP3

412.550

EN140 Half mask P1P2P3Gas

4125050

EN136 Full face mask P2 P3Gas

1710002000

CEN WA 43 PM750 P3 Gas 100015

Live saving performance

www.hazmathood.com16

EN136 respirator NPF of 1000

PM750 escape hood NPF of 1000

www.hazmathood.com

Filter efficiency

Challenge level (CFU)

Total CFU recovered

Filtration efficiency

6.9x106 0 >99.999999%

Data provided by Nelson laboratories USA

Challenge level (PFU)

Total PFU recovered

Filtration efficiency

4.2 x106 0 >99.999998%

17

www.hazmathood.com

Breathing resistance

• Resistance to inhalation does not exceed 15 mm water at air flow rate of 30 liters per minute.

• Resistance to exhalation does not exceed 5 mm water at air flow rate of 30 liters per minute.

18

www.hazmathood.com

Accumulation of CO2

• After 10 minutes of use, accumulation of Carbon Dioxide does not exceed 3% above the average human concentration of any wearer without the mask. (NIOSH Statement of Standard for CBRN Respirator, September 30, 2003, paragraph 3.4.2 requirements).

• The CO2 data recorded for the last 5 minutes took into account the last 5 breaths, that were mathematically compared to the CO2 accumulation found on the subject tested prior to use of the mask.

19

www.hazmathood.com

Respirator fit

• Different sizes• Fit testing requirement • Training requirement• Maintenance requirement • Inspection training requirement• Filter choices

20

www.hazmathood.com

New EEC recognised PM 750

• One size will fit 90% of the population over the age of 6 years, from 5% of the lower level, up to 95% of the higher level.

• The twin seal around the neck provides the single point diametrical closure.

21

www.hazmathood.com

Communications

• Frontal communication – the mask does not hamper quality of visibility more than 70%.

• The requirement is for movement of the head sideways and upwards and downwards.

• Verbal communication – speaking and hearing – for a distance of 2 meters between two users.

• The use of cellular telephone is possible whilst wearing the mask.

22

www.hazmathood.com

No training required

PM750 requires No fit testing No maintenanceNo training in Don or DoffNo inspection requirements No Record keeping

23

Categories of Stakeholder

Category Category of responder

Description Duty

1 Duty Holder Security -facility manager

Short time at scene to raise alarm training required. WA 44

2 Initial responder Security –first aid-ambulance-police

Initial reconnaissance or rescue. Trained WA 44

3 Professional responder

Directing initial operations

Trained in sophisticated equipment

4 Emergency services

Prolonged time at scene

No mitigation suitable PPE and training required

5 Victim and potential victim

Visitor to building or venue occupant

Protect themselves by reducing further exposure

www.hazmathood.com24

Time at scene

Category Time at scene and duties

1 5-15 minutes warm zone

2 5-15 minutes warm zone arrives at onset of event probable contact with casualties

3 30 minutes Hot Zone 1 -2 hours warm zone arrives 15 minutes +after incident

4 3 hours warm zone arrives +15 minutes after incident

5 15 minutes or site specific requirements assessed by duty holders

www.hazmathood.com25

Standards of protectionPersonnel category

Minimum NPF*

PPE type application

Duty holder 500 PAPR BS8486 EN397 PM750**

5-15 minutes warm zone

Professional responder

10,000 SCBA or closed circuit breathing apparatus

30 minutes Hot Zone . 1-2 hours warm zone

Emergency services

1000 Full face mask EN 14387 filterPM750**

3 hour warm zone

Clean up work

Depends on assessments

SCBA -PAPR -Full face-CCBA

Risk assessments required

Victim 50 Mask Escape Hood BS 8468 PM750**

15 minutes protection in warm zone depending on hazard

www.hazmathood.com

* Nominal Protection Factor ** Hazmat Hood specification26

Hazard assessments

www.hazmathood.com

Hazard Assessments Typical Response

Fire & smoke Planned response Evacuation

Explosion Planned response Shelter in Place

CBRN CEN WA 44 Victim or potential victim

Industrial accident CEN WA 44 Victim or potential victim

27

CEN WA 44 Training

• Selection & use of PPE in CBRNe incidents• CBRN threats and hazards• Decontamination of personnel• Evacuation considerations• Interaction with Emergency Services• Shelter in Place issues• Resilience

www.hazmathood.com28

www.hazmathood.comhood@999team.org

www.hazmathood.com29