Protein Synthesis Alexis VITE

Nucleus

cytoplasm

Nucleus

Protein Synthesis

AT G

TA

GC

AT

CG

TA

GC

AT

CTA

AT

CG

G

C

GC

AT

TRANSCRIPTION The process by which genetic information is copied from DNA to mRNA.

Occurs in the nucleus

Nucl

eus

Nucl

ear

mem

bra

ne

Rib

oso

me

RN

A

Poly

mera

se

Am

ino a

cid

A

A

C TC

T

AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A.

A

A

C TC

T

AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

.

A

A

C

TC

T

AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

.

A

A

C

TC

T

AG

A

TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

.

A

A

C

TC

T

AG

A

T

G

G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A.

A

A

C

TC

T

AG

A

T

G G

CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

.

A

A

C

TC

T

AG

A

T

G G

C

A

G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

.

A

A

C

TC

T

AG

A

T

G G

C

A G

A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

.

A

A

C

TC

T

AG

A TG G

C

A G

A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

.

A

A

C

TC

T

AG

A TG G CA G

A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

.

A

A

C

TC

T

AG

A TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

.

A

A

C

TC

T

A

GA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

.

A

A

C

TC

T AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

.

A

A

C

T

CT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

.

DNA unzips RNA polymerase binds to DNA

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

u

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

u A

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

u A

C

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

u A

C

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

u A

C

A

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

u u

u

A

G

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

u u

u

u

u

u

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

u u

u

u

u

u

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

u u

u

u

u

u

u

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

u u

u

A

G

G

A

G

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

u u

u

u

u

u

u

u

u

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

u u

u

u

u

u

u

u

u

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

Tu

u

u

u

u

u

u

u

u

u

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

u u

u

u

u

u

u

u

u

u

u

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

uT u

u

u

u

u

u

u

u

u

u

u

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

u u

u

u

u

u

u

u

u

C

A

u

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

U A

C

A

G

G

A

G

U

C

A

G

A

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

U A

C

A

G

G

A

G

U

C

A

G

A

C

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

U A

C

A

G

G

A

G

U

C

A

G

A

C

U

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

U A C

A

G

G

A

G

U

C

A

G

A

C

U

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

U A C A

G

G

A

G

U

C

A

G

A

C

U

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

U A C A

G

G

A

G

U

C

A

G

A

C

U

A

A

C TCT AA TG G CA G A

T G T C C CT A G T C T G A

U

G

A C A G G

A

G

U

C

A

G

A

C

U

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C G T C T G A

U A C A G G A

A

G

U

C

A

G

A

C

U

AT A C TCAGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

U A C A G G A G

U

C

A

G

A

C

U

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

U A C A G G A G U

C

A

G

A

C

U

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

U A C A G G A G U C A

G

A

C

U

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

U A C A G G A G U C A

G

A

C

U

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

U A C A G G A G U C A G A

C

U

AA

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T GA

U A C A G G A G U C A G A

C

U

Po re

mR

NA

DN

A

DN

AR

iboso

me

Complementary base connect between DNA and RNA with help of RNA polymerase.

A TG T C C T

C A G T C T G A

U A C A G G A G U C A G A C U

Pore

DN

AA C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

AA

C

TC

T

AG

A

T

G G

CA G A

TG T C C T

C A G T C T G A

U A C A G G A G U C A G A C U

Pore

RNA polymerases releases both of the DNA molecule and the newly formed mRNA molecule leaves the nucleus.

TRANSLATIONProcess that translates mRNA code into a protein made from amino acid.

Occurs at ribosomes

A

A

C TCT AGA TG G CA G A

T G T C C T C A G T C T G A

Nucl

eus

DN

A

AU

GG

AC

GG

AU

UA

GC

UAm

ino a

cid

MR

NA

Rib

oso

me

mRNA and tRNA travel to the ribosome

U A C

TRNA

Nuclear Membrane

C C G

Amino Acid

Cytoplasm

A U G G ACG G AUU AG CU

Ribosome RNA

U C A

C

A G

mRNA

Start codon (AUG) is the 1st codon on the mRNA that pairs up with the anti codon on the tRNA

Nuclear Membrane

A U G G ACG G AUU AG C

Ribosome RNA U C A

C

A G

mRNA

U

C C G

U A C

tRNA

tRNA attaches to the amino acids and carries it to the mRNA .

Nuclear Membrane

A U G G ACG G AUU AG C

Ribosome RNA U C A

C A GmRNA

U

C C G

U A C

Peptide bind

Nuclear Membrane

A U G G ACG G AUU AG C

Ribosome RNA U C A

C A GmRNA

U

C C G

U A C

Peptide bond

Amino acids link up by peptide bonds.

Nuclear Membrane

A U G G ACG G AUU AG C

Ribosome RNA U C A

C A GmRNA

U

C C G

Peptide bond

U A C

Nuclear Membrane

A U G G ACG G AUU AG C

U C A

C A

G

mRNA

U

C C G

Peptide bond

U A C

Nuclear Membrane

A U G G ACG G AUU AG C

U C A

C A

G

mRNA

U

C C G

Peptide bond

U A C

Nuclear Membrane

A U G G ACG G AUU AG C

C A GmRNA

U

U C A

Peptide bond

C C G

C A

G

AU

G GAC

GG AUU AG CU

C C G C A

G

U C A

C A

G

protein

Proteins form when many amino acids are linked together the tRNA releases