Post on 15-Sep-2018
Africa Rice TrendsAfrica Rice Center (AfricaRice)
2001–2010
Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice)
Rice science at the service of AfricaLa science rizicole au service de I’Afrique
Africa Rice Trends2001–2010
About Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice)
AfricaRice is one of the 15 international agricultural research Centers that are members of the CGIAR Consortium. It is also an intergovernmental association of African member countries.
The Center was created in 1971 by 11 African countries. Today its membership comprises 25 countries, covering West, Central, East and North African regions, namely Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, Egypt, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Republic of Congo, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo and Uganda.
AfricaRice temporary headquarters is based in Cotonou, Benin; research staff are also based in Côte d’Ivoire, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Tanzania.
For more information visit: www.AfricaRice.org
Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice) 01 BP 2031, Cotonou, Benin Tel.: (229) 64 18 13 13 Fax: (229) 64 22 78 09E-mail: AfricaRice@cgiar.org www.AfricaRice.org
Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice)
Africa Rice Trends2001–2010
Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010ii
© Copyright Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice) 2014
AfricaRice encourages fair use of this material. Proper citation is requested. The designations used in the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
CitationAfrica Rice Center (AfricaRice). 2014. Africa Rice Trends 2001–2010. Cotonou, Benin: 108 pp.
ISBN978-92-9113-362-8 (print)978-92-9113-363-5 (PDF)
ContributorsAli A. Touré, Aliou Diagne, Jeanne Coulibaly, Eyram Amovin-Assagba, Rose Edwige Fiamohe
EditingGreen Ink (www.greenink.co.uk)
Design and layoutOnasanya Emmanuel Oludayo
PrintingPragati Offset Pvt Ltd, Hyderabad, India
Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010 iii
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to all those who contributed to Africa Rice Trends 2001–2010, particularly Olupomi Ajayi for editing, and Sander Zwart and Justin Djaba Fagnombo of the AfricaRice Geographic Information System (GIS) Unit for designing all the maps.
The authors would like to thank the donors and technical partners for their continuous support and commitment.
We acknowledge the strong support of the directors general of the national agricultural research systems (NARS) and national agricultural statistics services (NASS) in all aspects of rice data and information compilation. In this regard, special thanks and appreciation are due to the focal persons and team members in the NARS and NASS of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Mali, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Togo, and Uganda. The following persons were directly involved in compiling rice data and information and establishing country databases during the national rice surveys conducted under the data-system component of the Japan-funded Emergency Rice Project (April 2009 to June 2010).
Benin: Focal points: Patrice Y. Adegbola (Institute national des recherches agricoles du Bénin, INRAB/PAPA), Soul-Kifouly Gnonna Midingoyi (INTAB/PAPA), Laurent Oloukoï (INTAB/PAPA) and Gilbert Ahouassou (Direction de la programmation et de la prospective, Ministère de l’Agriculture, de l’Élevage et de la Pêche, DPP); Team members: Marcelin Allagbe (INTAB/PAPA), Edgard Y. Didavi (DPP), Abdoulaye Abbas (DPP), Delphin Kouande (INTAB/PAPA) and Assogba Hodonou (DPP)
Burkina Faso: Focal points: Mathieu Ouédraogo (Institut de l’environnement et de recherches agricoles, INERA) and Richard S. Guissou (Direction Générale de la Promotion de l’Economie Rurale, DGPER); Team members: Dona Dakouo (INERA), Souleymane Ouédraogo (DGPER), Moussa Kaboré (DGPER), Youssouf Dembélé (INERA), Silamana Barry (INERA), Ibrahim Ouédraogo (INERA),
Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010iv
Julienne Traoré Gue (INERA), Drissa Hema (INERA), Blaise Kaboré (INERA), Bakary Belemou (DGPER), Sibiri Yameogo (DGPER), Besolbié Bationo (DGPER), Ouambi Yaméogo (DGPER) and Bila Koumtoubre (DGPER)
Cameroon: Focal points: Dorothy Malaa Kenyi (Institute of Agricultural Research for Development, IRAD) and Pierre Nzodjo (Services des enquêtes et recensement agricoles, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, MINADER); Team members: François Meppe (IRAD), Serge Kamgaing (MINADER), Thimothy Ayissi (MINADER), Pascal Ngninbeyie (IRAD) and Jean Mfouandou (IRAD)
Central African Republic: Focal points: M. Hervé Mbedane (Institut centrafricain de la recherche agronomique, ICRA) and Reginald Bida-Kette (Direction de la Statistique Agricole, de la Documentation et de l’Information, DSDI); Team members: Théodore Oumarou (DSDI), Alguesh Atim (DSDI), Rigobert Ngouandji (DSDI), Arnaud Bertrand Noudjeo (DSDI), Serge Nzengoyu (DSDI), Samson Ngarassem (DSDI) and Géneviève Yatangbando (DSDI)
Côte d’Ivoire: Focal points: Sekou Doumbia (Centre national de recherche agronomique, CNRA) and Youssouf Traoré (Programme national riz, PNR); Team members: Alphonse Bouet (CNRA), Ernest Depieu (CNRA), Karidioula Gabéhonry (CNRA), Kouamé Kouassi (CNRA), Pierre Koffi (CNRA), Arsène Aye N’cho (PNR) and Marie Luise Koffi née Tanoe (PNR)
Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC): Focal points: Abang Olivier Kinzamba (Institut national pour étude et la recherche agronomique, INERA) and Robert Ngonde Nsakala (Service National des Statistiques Agricoles, Ministère de l’Agriculture, SNS); Team members: Daniel Dibwe (INERA), Francis Nkayilu (SNS), Nono Katay Munkwese (SNS), Floribert Tshiakatumba (SNS), André Mampaka (SNS) and Henriette Dina (SNS)
The Gambia: Focal points: Lamin Dibba (National Agricultural Research Institute, NARI), Mary Mendy (NARI), Famara Kolly (Planning Services Unit, PSU) and Faye Manneh (NARI); Team members: Ebram Cham (PSU) and Bakary Sanyang
Ghana: Focal points: Alexander Nimo Wiredu (Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research) and
Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010 v
John Nortey (Statistics Research and Information Directorate, Ministry of Food and Agriculture)
Guinea: Focal points: Sékou Diawara (Institut de recherche agronomique de Guinée, IRAG) and Aly Condé (Service National des Statistiques Agricoles, SNSA); Team members: Mamadou Billo Barry (IRAG), Sékou Keita (SNSA) and Thierno Saïdou Diallo (SNSA)
Kenya: Focal points: Winfred Kore (Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, KARI), Thuranira Elias Gitonga (KARI) and Joseph Newton Okech (KARI); Team members: Researchers from KARI stations Kibos, Mwea, Matuga, National Agricultural Research Laboratories and Kissii — Teresa Okiyo, George Onyanyo, K. Otieno, F. Makini, Martha Opondo, Paul Tana, Paul Omollo, George Omuga, Maurice Ogutu, Ann Kimani, Rindano Maingu, Nelson Kidula, Boaz Andetto and Dorcas Onyiso; representatives of the Ministry of Agriculture — Elizabeth Ogolla, Aurther Hongo, Silas Deya, Jacob Ongere, Muchiri Rutere, Wilson Nabakwa, James Daudi, Robert Kiraini, Moses Nyabuto, Jacinta Osiemo, Otieno, Jesca Were, Mary Toya, Ambuko Penina, Elizabeth Shikuku, Nicholas Langat, Shem Nandie, Protus Mahokha, C.K. Wanyonyi, Clement Waswa, Mary Wainaina, Martin Munyao, Amos Okoth, Isaac Munguret, M. Mwakuphunza, Charles Omondi, M. Mwachizi, Josephine Mwamu, W.N. Mwakio, G.M. Mbogholi and Charity Mwanyala
Liberia: Focal points: Jobson A. Momo and Reginald W. Fannoh; Team members: Nathaniel S. Ketter, Oliver Gayflor R. Subah, Daniel S. Gbigbi, Kolubah Kortee, Joseph K.F. Jorkeah, Abibatou T. Kroumah, James S. Dolo and Joseph Jockeh
Madagascar: Focal points: Jean Nirisson Randriamora (Service de la statistique agricole, Ministère de l’Agriculture, de l’Elevage et de la Pêche, MAEP) and H.L. Abel-Rotovo (Centre national de la recherche appliquée au développement, FOFIFA); Team members: Raymond Rabeson (FOFIFA), Justin Rakotomampionona (MAEP), Maminirina Rakotoariliva (MAEP), Claire Albine Ravaonindrina (MAEP), Jaonarisoa Andriantseheno (MAEP) and Marie Agnès Lala Harinirina (MAEP)
Mali: Focal points: Boubacar Maïga (Institut de l’économie rurale, IER) and Kotié Diakité (Cellule de Planification et de Statistique du secteur
Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010vi
du développement rural, CPS/SDR); Team members: Mbaré Coulibaly (IER) and Bocar Dit Sire Bâ (CPS/SDR)
Mozambique: Focal points: Marcos Langa (Instituto de Investigação Agraria de Mozambique, IIAM), Domingos F.R. Diogo (Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture, DES) and Anina Manganhele (DES); Team members: David J. Megill (IIAM) and Fidélio Salamandane (IIAM)
Nigeria: Focal points: Vivian Ojehomon (National Cereals Research Institute), Olorunfemi Ogundele (Nigerian Institute for Social and Economic Research) and Samuel B. Adebayo (National Bureau of Statistics, NBS); Team members: Victor Okoruwa (University of Ibadan), Olupomi Ajayi (AfricaRice) and Bandele Ogunlana (NBS)
Rwanda: Focal points: Chantal Ingabire (Rwanda Agriculture Board, RAB) and Justine Mukayiranga (RAB); Team members: Innocent Ndikumana (RAB), E. René Gasoré (RAB) and Joseph Mutware (RAB)
Senegal: Focal points: Alioune B. Dieng (Institut Sénégalais de recherches agricoles, ISRA) and Mamadou Sagna (Directrice de l’Analyse, de la Prévision et des Statistiques, DAPS); Team member: Amadou Abdoulaye Fall (ISRA)
Sierra Leone: Focal points: Mahmood Ahmed Nazir (Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute) and Mohamed Ajuba Sheriff (Planning, Evaluation, Monitoring and Statistics Division)
Tanzania: Focal points: Elisha Martine Mkandya (Ilonga Agricultural Research Institute) and Malemi Nyanda (Policy and Planning, Statistics Unit, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Cooperatives)
Togo: Focal points: Tsatsu K. Domenyo (Institut togolais de recherche agronomique) and Ezi Tsogli (Direction des Statistiques Agricoles, de l’Information et de la Documentation); Team members: Egnonto M. Koffi-Tessio (Laboratoire pour la Réduction de la Pauvreté et la Sécurité Alimentaire Durable, Université de Lomé, LARPSAD), Lébéné Kougnenya (LARPSAD), Kodjo Dokodjo (LARPSAD) and Kodjo Labare (LARPSAD)
Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010 vii
Uganda: Focal points: Stella Adur (National Crops Resources Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Organisation, NaCRRI), Benard Odur (NaCRRI) and Mary Frances Nakakawa (NaCRRI); Team member: Godfrey Asea (NaCRRI).
We are very grateful to Guy Manners (formerly freelance and now with Green Ink) for editorial assistance and most of all for his patience and perseverance.
Special thanks to the SARD-SC project which provided funding for additional desktop publishing and layout work.
Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010viii
Foreword
Many African countries have taken policy measures since the 2008 food crisis to palliate the negative effects of the food price hikes — rice is being treated as a priority staple commodity.
The various actions taken have now started to yield some results. Africa’s rice self-sufficiency ratio increased from 63.8% during 2001–2007 to 65.9% in 2007–2010. This improvement was expected in the light of the improvement in domestic rice production. Paddy production in Africa increased by an average of 4.80% per year over the period 2001–2010. These early results provide sufficient evidence that the African continent, with its great potential for rice production, can protect itself against further rice crises.
Moreover, projections for 2012 in the Rice Market Monitor (FAO, 2012d) indicate a modest growth rate for rice production in Asian countries, while African countries are expected to record substantial upward shifts in their domestic paddy production. Thus, with the predicted global increase in rice consumption to 496 Mt by 2020 (Rejesus et al., 2012), there are still huge opportunities for African countries to boost their production in order to respond to this market signal. Countries are therefore urged to continue to pursue positive actions for their rice value chains, including increased investment in production, mechanization, enhanced postharvest operations, improved marketing, support to collaborative research, and capacity-building.
I hope that this edition of Africa Rice Trends will play a major role in diffusing information and data that are crucial for food-security planning and management, as well as in stimulating collaborative efforts among the principal actors of the rice value chain and decision-makers for greater development and sustainability of the rice sector.
Adama Traoré Interim Director General Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice)
Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010 ix
Preface
Africa Rice Trends 2001–2010 is published by Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice) to update various statistics and indicators relating to the African rice sector. The main sources of the data used for this purpose are FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c, 2012b,c) and the country databases collected during the national rice surveys conducted under the data-system component of the Japan-funded Emergency Rice Project (April 2009 to June 2010). Additional data were also obtained from a number of NARS technical documents. For some statistics (such as production, harvested rice area and yield) the data series on FAOSTAT were available up to 2010, while for other statistics (such as import quantities and values) the data series were available only to 2008. For paddy production, harvested area and yield, FAOSTAT actual (non-projected) data were not available until a later date (FAO, 2012b). For rice consumption (per capita and total) and rice calorie intake, data were available only to 2007. For such statistics, we first calculated the growth rates by country for the period available (e.g. 2001–2007) and used these growth rates to estimate the statistics for subsequent years. Total rice imports data from 2001 to 2010 are downloaded from FAOSTAT accessed October 2012 and from the FAO Rice Market Monitor of July 2012 (FAO, 2012d). Data are presented for both individual countries and regions. The regions are: Central Africa, East Africa, North Africa, Southern Africa and West Africa.
The main indicators involved in the statistical calculations are:paddy rice harvested areayield of paddy ricepaddy rice productiontotal rice imports (quantity and value)total rice consumptionper-capita rice consumptionrice self-sufficiencyrice calorie intaketotal calorie intakerice share in terms of calorie intake.
Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010x
Three periods are considered in the analyses of the data: 2001–2007, 2007–2010 and 2001–2010. The data analyses enable the generation of two main indicators: average figures, by period and by indicator. These statistics were calculated in order to compare rice production patterns prior to the 2008 food-price crisis with those after the crisis. These comparisons can help in assessing countries’ potential for rice production following the rice crisis. Furthermore, the 2001–2010 average figures were calculated to evaluate the decennial trend.
It is important to note that all of the trends reported are the annual growth rates calculated as average rates that are representative of the available data over the entire period — they do not necessarily match the actual growth rates over any given period (see ‘Least-squares growth rate’ at World Bank, 2012).
We have tried our best to cross check the various data and the trends reported for correctness and accuracy. However, we acknowledge that any errors are ours and that we are not responsible for the consequences of the misuse of the data.
1Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Africa Rice Trends
Over the period of 2001–2010, paddy production in Africa increased by 4.80% per year. Even though the periods analyzed are not of the same length, it is worth indicating the average annual growth rates of 6.75% for the period 2007–2010 and 4.19% for 2001–2007. The relatively faster production increase in 2007–2010 is explained by increases in the harvested area (4.31%). The growth in paddy rice production during the post-crisis period demonstrates the efficacy of the policy-advocacy endeavors undertaken throughout the 2008 crisis period. However, despite the price hikes in 2008, rice consumption in Africa grew even more during the period 2007–2010 — at a rate of 4.41% per year — reaching 21.5 million tonnes (Mt) in 2009 and an estimated 22.57 Mt in 2010 (Table 37). Average annual rice production was 19.22 Mt during the period 2001–2007, and 23.63 Mt during 2007–2010; the longer-term average was 20.86 Mt (2001–2010). Even though total rice consumption has been increasing at more than 4% per year, actual per-capita rice consumption has increased only by 1.1% per year, indicating that the trend in rice consumption mainly comes from population growth. With an increasing population, growth in rice consumption will follow, resulting from increasing demand from all sectors of a growing population requiring a diet richer in carbohydrates, of which rice is one of the principal suppliers.
Production
In 2009, total paddy rice production in Africa was 24.5 Mt (FAO, 2012a). The 2010 production figure given by FAO (2012a) is 25.6 Mt. According to FAOSTAT, West Africa produced more than 10 Mt in 2009 and about 11 Mt in 2010, compared to 6.7 Mt in East Africa and 4.4 Mt in North Africa in 2010 (see Fig.1). Central Africa harvested over 0.664 Mt and Southern Africa 69,351 tonnes (Table 34).
2 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Figure 1. Paddy rice production in 2009
Table 1. Average annual paddy production during selected periods (Mt)Region 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Central Africa 0.53 0.59 0.55East Africa 4.63 5.90 5.11North Africa 6.28 6.55 6.33Southern Africa 0.03 0.05 0.03West Africa 7.75 9.92 8.60Africa 19.22 23.63 20.86
The statistics for paddy production were calculated for 2001–2007 and 2007–2010 to compare rice production patterns prior to and after the 2008 food-price crisis (Table 1, Fig. 2). The 2001–2010 average production was calculated in order to evaluate the decennial trend. Over the whole period, the major rice-producing region remained West Africa with more than 7.75 Mt per year; the average annual production for 2007–2010 was 9.92 Mt. In second place was
3Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
North Africa, with average annual paddy production ranging between 6.28 and 6.55 Mt/year. North African paddy production is driven mostly by the biggest rice-producing country of the region, Egypt (99% of the rice produced in the region). The third-ranking region was East Africa with annual averages of 4.63 and 5.90 Mt/year for 2001–2007 and 2007–2010, respectively.
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Figure 2. Average annual paddy production for selected periods (Mt)
The average figures for 2007–2010 are higher than those for the earlier period and the decade as a whole, indicating an increase in the growth rate of paddy production in all regions (Fig. 2), explained by the positive policy interventions in response to the 2008 rice crisis. Consequently 2007–2010 can be seen as a post-crisis adjustment period. Over this period, countries implemented various policy interventions that have generated positive outcomes in terms of increased production and productivity.
Over the decade, paddy production in Africa increased by 4.80% annually. The growth rate was of the same magnitude (4.19%) for the period 2001–2007, and 6.75% for the period 2007–2010 (Table 34). The growth rates for West and East Africa follow the same pattern as the growth rates for Africa as a whole (Fig. 3). During the 2007–2010 period, the average production in Southern Africa increased by a spectacular 40% as a result of big increases in paddy production in Angola (47.84%) and Zambia (44.30%), while South Africa had a negative growth rate (–4.30%) and Swaziland only 4.21% (Table 58).
4 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
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Figure 3. Production growth rates (%)
Overall, the growth rates for the period 2001–2010 are positive in all regions (Fig. 3). The periods 2001–2007 and 2007–2010 show mainly positive growth rates, with the exception of North Africa. The negative growth rate of the North Africa region over the period 2007–2010 (–12.47%) is due to the negative growth in Egypt (–12.67%), Algeria (–18.13%) and Sudan (–2.39%) (Table 57). During 2001–2007, the lowest growth rates were observed for Southern Africa (1.86%) and Central Africa (0.48%) (Table 34). In the period 2001–2007, most countries in Southern Africa showed negative growth rates (Angola, South Africa, Swaziland and Zimbabwe; Table 58), while in Central Africa the low growth rate during 2001–2007 was a result of negative growth rates in Chad, Congo and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), but there were positive growth rates for Cameroon (4.54%), Central African Republic (8.90%) and Gabon (3.61%) (Table 55).
Harvested rice area
In 2009, total harvested paddy area was estimated at 9.38 million hectares (Mha) (Table 32). Based on a calculated growth rate of 2.68% for the period of 2001–2007, the estimated area for 2010 was 9.63 Mha. FAOSTAT (FAO, 2012c) provided an actual figure of 9.05 Mha — which may include official, semi-official and estimated data (Fig. 4).
5Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Figure 4. Harvested rice area in 2009
Table 2. Average harvested paddy area for selected periods (Mha)Region 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Central Africa 0.58 0.64 0.60East Africa 2.15 2.43 2.26North Africa 0.65 0.68 0.66Southern Africa 0.02 0.04 0.03West Africa 4.88 5.20 5.00Africa 8.29 9.13 8.61
The total harvested paddy areas in Africa increased slightly from 8.29 Mha in 2001–2007 to 9.13 Mha in 2007–2010; the average for 2001–2010 was 8.61 Mha (Table 2, Fig. 5).
6 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
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Figure 5. Average harvested area for selected periods (Mha)
Overall, the average annual harvested rice area in West Africa was about 5.20 Mha during the period 2007–2010 and 5.00 Mha over the entire decade (Table 2). Over the period 2001–2007, West Africa harvested an average of 4.88 Mha of paddy rice annually. Over the period 2007–2010, an average of 2.43 Mha of rice was cultivated in East Africa. During 2001–2007 (and overall for the decade), the region’s average annual paddy production area was slightly over 2 Mha. Cultivated areas in Central and North Africa were in the range of 0.60 Mha throughout the entire period. For Africa as a whole, the annual growth rate of the average harvested paddy area was higher in 2007–2010 (4.31%) than in 2001–2007 (2.68%) and 2001–2010 (2.56%). (Table 3, Fig. 6).
Table 3. Average annual growth rates for harvested area for selected periods (%)Region 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Central Africa 0.78 4.96 2.02East Africa 1.65 6.75 2.71North Africa 2.44 –11.61 0.21Southern Africa 9.00 29.64 14.11West Africa 3.36 1.63 2.15Africa 2.68 4.31 2.56
7Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
For the individual regions, all the growth rates were positive (Table 3, Fig. 6), with North Africa in 2007–2010 as the sole exception (–11.61%). For example, due to the boost in harvested area in Angola, Zambia and Zimbabwe, Southern Africa showed increases of 9–29.64%. However, the growth rates for South Africa and Swaziland were negative (Table 46).
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Figure 6. Growth rates of harvested area for selected periods (%)
Yield
Average yield across Africa was 2.61 t/ha in 2009 and 2.63 t/ha in 2010. The average yields for the periods 2001–2007, 2007–2010 and 2001–2010 were 2.31, 2.58 and 2.41 t/ha, respectively (Table 4, Fig. 7). The only region with average yields still less than 1 t/ha is Central Africa, while North Africa has average yields close to 10 t/ha. The average yields in East and Southern Africa range between 2.09 and 2.39 t/ha.
8 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Table 4. Average rice yield for selected periods (t/ha)Region 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Central Africa 0.92 0.95 0.93East Africa 2.09 2.15 2.11North Africa 9.63 9.83 9.70Southern Africa 2.33 2.39 2.35West Africa 1.56 1.74 1.63Africa 2.31 2.58 2.41
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Figure 7. Average paddy yields (t/ha)
Despite its long tradition in rice cultivation, average yields in West Africa remain below 2 t/ha. The long-term growth rate in rice yield in West Africa was 2% over the whole decade, indicating a gradual improvement in rice productivity.
In general, the growth rates of rice yields for the continent as a whole were positive — 1.48 to 2.34% over the selected periods (Table 33). All regions except Central Africa had positive yield growth rates over all the periods considered (Fig. 8).
9Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
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Figure 8. Rice paddy yield growth rates for selected periods (%)
From a critical look at the yield trends during the period of 2001–2010, it is clear that North Africa is far ahead in terms of rice productivity with yields between 9 and 10 t/ha (Fig. 9). In this part of the continent, Egypt is the dominant rice-producing country and most of its rice is irrigated (99.3%). On average, the other regions have yields between 1 t/ha and slightly less than 3 t/ha. Rice produced in these regions comes from diverse rice-growing environments with large proportions of rainfed upland and lowland production systems, which give yields lower than those obtained in irrigated rice systems. In addition, the levels of adoption of improved rice technologies and crop management systems differ.
10 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
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Figure 9. Evolution of rice yields in Africa, 2001–2010 (t/ha)
Rice consumption
The estimated total rice consumption in Africa was 21.49 Mt in 2009 and 22.57 Mt in 2010 (Table 37). The total rice consumption data series analyzed covers the period 1961 to 2007. We estimated the growth rate (by country) of the period 2001–2007, which we then used to calculate the consumption figure for the years 2008 to 2010 — i.e. the data for the period 2008–2010 are based on estimates and thus the calculated estimates for the period 2001–2010 include the estimates for the years 2008, 2009 and 2010. On average, annual rice consumption was 17.04 Mt during the period 2001–2007 compared to 21.12 Mt over the period 2007–2010. The average for the decade was 18.40 Mt (Table 5, Fig. 10).
Table 5. Average annual rice consumption for selected periods (Mt)Region 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Central Africa 0.91 1.25 1.03East Africa 3.59 5.49 4.21North Africa 3.13 3.27 3.17Southern Africa 0.93 1.32 1.06West Africa 8.49 9.80 8.93Africa 17.04 21.12 18.40Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.
11Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
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Africa
Figure 10. Annual average rice consumption for selected periods (Mt)Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.
These figures are much more than the total quantity of rice produced on the continent. In 2009, paddy production was 24.5 Mt, equivalent to about 16 Mt of milled rice (using 65% milling conversion rate). However, despite the price hikes in 2008, rice consumption in Africa increased faster during the period 2007–2010 (4.41% per year) (Table 6).
Table 6. Total rice consumption growth rates for selected periods (%)Region 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Central Africa 7.55 7.78 7.46East Africa 7.94 6.72 9.09North Africa 0.62 0.86 0.88Southern Africa 7.28 7.39 7.83West Africa 2.99 3.52 3.20Africa 4.06 4.41 4.59Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.
The growth rates of total rice consumption show an increasing trend during all periods for all regions (Table 6), with Central, East and Southern Africa having growth rates of more than 5%, while in West Africa the growth rates were in the range of 3% (the growth for 2007–2010 was 3.52%). In North Africa, the
12 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
growth rate was less than 1%. Although Africa’s total rice consumption has been increasing at over 4% per year, the per-capita rice consumption has increased at a rate of only 1.1% per year, indicating that total rice consumption increase is being driven mainly by population growth. For Africa as a whole, per-capita rice consumption was about 20 kg/year over the period 2007–2010 (Table 7). West Africa is the biggest rice-consuming region, with an average of 33 kg/person per year during the same period. In Southern Africa, rice consumption tended to increase with the average value ranging between 15 and 20 kg/person per year, while Central and East Africa had average figures between 9 and 14 kg/person per year. North Africa was an exception to the continental trend, with per-capita rice consumption decreasing.
Table 7. Per-capita rice consumption and growth rates for selected periods Region 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Average consumption (kg/person per year)Central Africa 9.02 10.75 9.60East Africa 12.80 14.11 13.24North Africa 16.31 15.75 16.12Southern Africa 14.67 20.11 16.48West Africa 32.18 32.96 32.44Africa 18.94 19.97 19.28Growth rate (%)Central Africa 4.29 4.29 4.14East Africa 2.55 2.55 2.36North Africa –1.07 –1.07 –0.88Southern Africa 6.13 6.13 6.86West Africa 0.41 0.41 0.48Africa 1.06 1.06 1.13Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.
Self-sufficiency
Africa’s rice self-sufficiency indicates how much Africa’s own production covers total consumption needs, i.e. it gives the ratio of domestic production to total consumption. The decade 2001–2010 witnessed a rice self-sufficiency ratio of approximately 64.7% which is slightly better than the ratio for the period 2001–2007 (Table 8, Fig. 11).
13Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Table 8. Self-sufficiency ratio for selected periods (%)Region 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Central Africa 36.5 37.4 37.2East Africa 74.6 75.8 75.5North Africa 114.0 107.7 110.9 Southern Africa 1.7 2.8 2.2West Africa 50.5 54.9 52.4Africa 63.8 65.9 64.7Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.
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Figure 11. Average self-sufficiency ratios for selected periods (%)Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.
This slight improvement in self-sufficiency is expected given the improvement in domestic rice production. In North Africa, the rice self-sufficiency ratio dropped from 110.1% in 2009 to 101.2% in 2010 (Table 38) mainly due to variation in production by the major rice-producing country (Egypt). The self-sufficiency ratio in Egypt dropped from 114.4% in 2009 to 109.3% in 2010 (Table 87). The FAO Rice Market Monitor for January 2012 (FAO, 2012a) gives paddy production in Egypt as 5.5 Mt in 2009 and 5.2 Mt in 2010. East Africa had a self-sufficiency ratio of over 70% during 2001–2007 and 2001–2010, compared to 1.7-2.2% for Southern Africa. There are few rice-producing countries in Southern Africa (Angola, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia and Zimbabwe) — Botswana, Namibia and Lesotho do not produce rice. In West Africa, more than 50% of the total consumption was covered by domestic rice supply over the decade; during the period of 2007–2010, the ratio reached over 54.9%
14 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Central Africa covered about 36.5% of its needs through its own production during the period of 2001–2007 and about 37% over the whole decade. The latter figure reflects a stagnation in the region’s self-sufficiency because the ratio was about 37.4% during the period 2007–2010.
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Figure 12. Evolution of self-sufficiency ratio in the regionsSource of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.
Outlook for 2011 and beyond
One important question is whether Africa’s potential can protect the continent from future food crises, which seem to be becoming periodic. As stated by FAO (2011d), “the food prices will likely remain volatile and efforts need to be scaled up at all levels to strengthen the resilience of small farmers to future shocks and to improve food and nutrition security over the long term.” Many countries have taken policy measures to counteract the negative effects of the food-price hikes and rice is receiving priority attention. These countries have taken cognizance of the real challenges for achieving food security for their populations. The measures taken incorporate policy and technical priorities, but further measures are needed that take into account commodity price movements on the international markets. The July 2011 FAO Global Food Price Monitor (FAO, 2011b) states that the “Export prices of rice, which have been declining since February [2011], rebounded in June (2011). The benchmark Thai rice price (Thai white rice 100% B) averaged USD 524 per tonne, 5 percent higher than in May [2011] and 10 percent above its level in June 2010.” This
15Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
is a signal of the commodity’s price volatility, which calls for short-, medium- and long-term actions for rice self-sufficiency in Africa. It is expected that the various positive measures since the rice crisis will yield substantial gains by ensuring higher productivity. However, among the measures needed to provide shelter against price volatility in agricultural markets, FAO is advising countries to “improve market functioning and equip countries to better cope with the adverse effects of extreme volatility” (FAO, 2010).
FAO’s first forecast of world paddy production in 2011 portends a 3% increase from the 2010 season to 720 million tonnes (480 million tonnes, milled basis). It relies on expectations of improved weather conditions. The bulk of the increase is again expected to stem from good performances in Asia, with output also anticipated to increase in Europe, Oceania and Latin America and the Caribbean. By contrast, little change is foreseen in Africa, while prospects are negative in North America (FAO, 2011a).
For countries that rely on international markets to fill the gap between domestic rice production and demand, measures to boost domestic production are required.
These Africa Rice Trends indicate positive growth rates for total rice consumption over the selected periods. These growth rates are in the range of 4.06–4.59%. For instance, given the 2001–2010 growth rate of 4.59%, and all other things being equal, rice consumption can be projected to 43.45 Mt in 2020 — some 202% of the 2009 total consumption level (21.49 Mt). By using the estimated growth rates for the period 2001–2010 for the various countries, the projections of total consumption were made for all countries up to 2020: an estimated average total consumption of 32.3 Mt over the period 2011–2020 with a growth rate of 6.89% (Fig. 13). West Africa would have an estimated average of 13.2 Mt with a growth rate of 4.8%. This indicates an upward trend in total rice consumption, which is likely to continue in the medium term and will thus require an increase in domestic rice production or rice imports. The same projections made for paddy production have show that paddy production in Africa would reach an estimated 41.34 Mt (equivalent to 26.87 Mt of milled rice, using a conversion rate of 0.65 of paddy rice into milled rice). For the entire period 2011–2020, average paddy production would reach 31.7 Mt (20.6 Mt milled basis) with a growth rate of 6.20%. This would require cultivating an area of 12.13 Mha at the 2009 average yield level of 2.61 t/ha. However, by making the same projections for the harvested areas using the estimated growth rates for the period 2001–2010, Africa’s total harvested area would reach 13.25 Mha by 2020 and an average of 11.00 Mha for the period 2011–2020, with a growth
16 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
rate of 3.97%. With the expected productivity increase, the rate of expansion of harvested area may decrease slightly. In relation to the quantity of rice imports, this needs to be viewed in conjunction with the consumption patterns of the other major cereals which may serve as substitutes for rice.
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Figure 13. Projections of rice production and total consumption in Africa (Mt milled equivalent).Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice projection estimates for 2011–2020.
Overview of recent developments in West Africa
Production
Since 2008, paddy production in West Africa has exceeded 10 Mt per year. According to FAO (2012a), paddy production in West Africa was 11.5 Mt (7.475 Mt milled rice basis) in 2009 and more than 12.5 Mt (8.13 Mt milled rice basis) in 2010, indicating a slight increase in production. The annual growth rate of paddy production for the decade was 5.78%, compared to a rate of 4.61% during the period 2001–2007. However, for 2007–2010, the growth rate was 10.13% (Table 54). The average annual paddy production in the period 2007–2010 was 9.92 Mt (6.45 Mt milled rice basis) compared to 7.75 Mt (5.04 Mt milled rice basis) over the period 2001–2007 and 8.60 Mt (5.59 Mt milled rice basis) average for the whole decade (Table 9).
17Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Table 9. Average milled rice production† (tonnes) for selected periods in West AfricaCountry‡ 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010
Benin 42,478 79,687 57,176Burkina Faso 59,902 115,450 83,632Côte d’Ivoire 431,657 425,747 433,048The Gambia 15,461 37,145 24,940Ghana 163,201 222,674 191,264Guinea 788,471 983,057 854,049Guinea-Bissau 63,336 97,992 75,261Liberia 94,306 181,354 123,488Mali 592,692 1,131,921 797,298Mauritania 48,785 64,687 54,684Niger 46,401 24,718 37,818Nigeria 2,128,750 2,272,782 2,192,148Senegal 137,046 277,509 194,366Sierra Leone 380,531 481,337 420,686Togo 45,114 52,798 47,834West Africa 5,038,132 6,448,858 5,587,693† A conversion rate of 0.65 of paddy into milled rice is used.‡ No data for Cape Verde in FAOSTAT.
The largest rice producers in West Africa are Nigeria (over 2 Mt milled rice), Guinea (0.79–0.98 Mt milled rice), Mali (0.59–1.13 Mt milled rice), Côte d’Ivoire (less than 0.45 Mt milled rice), Sierra Leone (about 0.38–0.48 Mt milled rice), Senegal (0.14–0.28 Mt milled rice), and Ghana (0.16–0.22 Mt milled rice). All the remaining countries in West Africa produce less than 0.2 Mt milled rice per year.
The largest producers registered positive production growth rates during the period 2001–2010: Côte d’Ivoire (0.25%), Ghana (4.86%), Guinea (5.10%), Mali (12.38%), Nigeria (2.40%), Senegal (12.51%) and Sierra Leone (10.88%). Other countries that registered substantial growth rates were Benin (12.26%), Burkina Faso (10.46%), The Gambia (12.93%), Liberia (13.56%) and Guinea-Bissau (8.91%) (Table 10).
18 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Harvested rice area and yield
The area harvested in West Africa was 5.23 Mha in 2009 and 5.29 Mha in 2010 (Table 42). On average, harvested area in West Africa increased at a rate of 2.15% over the decade (Table 10). The positive growth over the decade was due to major increases within some countries. For instance, The Gambia showed a growth rate of 24.16%, while Mali, Burkina Faso, Senegal and Liberia registered growth rates between 5% and 10%. The remaining countries had growth rates of less than 5%. Nigeria and Niger had negative growth rates (Tables 10 and 54).
Table 10. Average annual growth rates (%) of yield, harvested area and production in West Africa, 2001–2010Country† Area Yield ProductionBenin 4.83 7.08 12.26Burkina Faso 8.80 1.53 10.46Côte d’Ivoire 1.54 –1.27 0.25The Gambia 24.16 –5.33 12.93Ghana 3.04 2.29 4.86Guinea 4.28 0.79 5.10Guinea-Bissau 3.19 5.55 8.91Liberia 7.60 5.54 13.56Mali 6.16 4.95 12.38Mauritania 4.31 1.76 5.76Niger –3.96 –5.21 –11.96 Nigeria –1.40 3.86 2.40Senegal 6.60 5.54 12.51Sierra Leone 4.19 7.20 10.88Togo 2.39 2.80 3.79West Africa 2.15 2.00 5.78† No data for Cape Verde in FAOSTAT.
The 2009 and 2010 yields for West Africa were the same — averaging 1.8 t/ha (Table 48). Over the whole decade, however, yield increased positively at an annual rate of 2% (Table 10). Countries in West Africa with positive yield growth rates of more than 5% were Benin, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Senegal, and Sierra Leone. A second group of countries recorded positive growth rates of 2–5%: Ghana, Mali, Nigeria, and Togo. A third group recorded less than 2% growth rate: Burkina Faso, Guinea, and Mauritania. A final group recorded
19Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
negative growth rates: Côte d’Ivoire, The Gambia, and Niger (Tables 10 and 48).The growth rates in harvested area coupled with the increases in yield explain the increases in total paddy production, which overall increased by 5.78% over the decade (Tables 10 and 54).
Over the decade, paddy rice yield in Africa stood at 1.63 t/ha, while the period 2007–2010 witnessed an average of 1.74 t/ha (Table 11). All these periods showed yields higher than the average yield of the period 2001 2007 of 1.56 t/ha. The relatively higher average yield of the period 2007 2010 can be explained by the improvement in the yields of the individual countries. In fact, apart from a few exceptions (Côte d’Ivoire, The Gambia and Niger), all the remaining countries showed yields during the period 2007–2010 that were higher than those for the decade. For each period, the yields can be grouped into four categories: (1) over 3 t/ha, (2) 3–2 t/ha, (3) less than 2 t/ha and over 1.5 t/ha, and (4) below 1.5 t/ha. For the period 2001–2007, the countries with yields of over 3 t/ha were Mauritania and Niger. Benin, Ghana, Mali, Senegal and Togo had yields between 3 and 2 t/ha. Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, Guinea and The Gambia obtained yields over 1.5 t/ha but less than 2 t/ha. Guinea-Bissau, Nigeria, Sierra Leone and Liberia had yields less than 1.5 t/ha.
For the period 2007–2010, Benin, Mauritania and Senegal obtained yields over 3 t/ha, while Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, Niger and Togo were the countries with yield between 3 and 2 t/ha. The remaining countries showed yields below 2 t/ha but over 1.5 t/ha (Côte d’Ivoire, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Nigeria and Sierra Leone), and yields below 1.5 t/ha (The Gambia and Liberia).
Over the decade (2001–2010), only Mauritania showed a yield figure over 4 t/ha, while all other countries had yields below 3 t/ha, with Benin, Niger and Senegal closer to 3 t/ha; Ghana, Mali and Togo over 2 t/ha; Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, The Gambia and Guinea closer to 2 t/ha; and Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Nigeria and Sierra Leone were below the average yield of the region (1.63 t/ha).
20 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Table 11. Average rice yields in West Africa for selected periods (t/ha)Country† 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Benin 2.44 3.40 2.82Burkina Faso 1.91 2.05 1.98Côte d’Ivoire 1.90 1.74 1.86The Gambia 1.65 1.44 1.66Ghana 2.07 2.35 2.22Guinea 1.75 1.82 1.78Guinea-Bissau 1.46 1.85 1.58Liberia 1.11 1.45 1.21Mali 2.21 2.81 2.42Mauritania 4.37 4.85 4.53Niger 3.33 2.39 2.97Nigeria 1.38 1.69 1.51Senegal 2.47 3.34 2.82Sierra Leone 1.14 1.56 1.28Togo 2.19 2.50 2.31West Africa 1.56 1.74 1.63† No data for Cape Verde in FAOSTAT.
Consumption
Rice consumption has been increasing rapidly in West Africa, from a level of 9.3 Mt in 2007 to an estimated 9.96 Mt in 2009 and 10.32 Mt in 2010 (Table 37). The average quantities were 8.49 Mt, 9.80 Mt and 8.93 Mt for the three selected periods (2001–2007, 2007–2010, and 2001–2010, respectively). Despite the sharp increase in rice prices on the international market, rice consumption increased significantly by a rate of 3.52% over the period 2007–2010, from 2.99% per year in 2001–2007; overall annual growth over the decade was 3.20%. At the same time, the quantities of rice imported into the region increased at a rate of 2.21% over the decade. However, during the rice-crisis period 2007–2010, imports grew by only 1.4% in comparison with 2.1% for the period 2001–2007 (Table 35). For the majority of countries, the trends in rice consumption are positive for all periods with some variation between periods. The countries with the highest growth rates over the whole decade were Benin (17.41%), The Gambia (10.20%) and Liberia (8.77%). Other countries with substantial growth rates were Ghana (6.36%), Côte d’Ivoire (6.07%), Togo (5.81%), and Mauritania (5.71%). A third group of countries had positive growth rates less
21Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
than 5%: Sierra Leone (4.59%), Cape Verde (4.48%), Mali (4.26%), Senegal (4.01%), Guinea (2.49%), Niger (0.68%) and Nigeria (0.40%). Only Guinea-Bissau (–0.11%) and Burkina Faso (–4.80%) recorded negative growth rates for consumption (Table 12).
Highest per-capita rice consumption for the decade was in Guinea, followed by Sierra Leone; lowest per-capita consumption was in Burkina Faso and Niger (Fig. 14; see also Table 78).
Table 12. Growth rates of rice consumption in West Africa for selected periods (%)Country 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Benin 19.71 19.71 17.41Burkina Faso –3.04 –3.04 –4.80Cape Verde 5.89 5.89 4.48Côte d’Ivoire 5.31 5.31 6.07The Gambia 7. 55 7.55 10.20Ghana 5.02 5.02 6.36Guinea 2.12 2.12 2.49Guinea-Bissau –1.17 –1.17 –0.11Liberia 7.60 7.60 8.77Mali 4.48 4.48 4.26Mauritania 6.96 6.96 5.71Niger 3.50 3.50 0.68Nigeria 0.57 0.57 0.40Senegal 3.63 3.63 4.01Sierra Leone 4.00 4.00 4.59Togo 7.45 7.45 5.81West Africa 2.99 3.52 3.20Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.
22 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
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Figure 14. Average per-capita rice consumption (kg/year) in West Africa during 2001–2010
Self-sufficiency ratio
With its increase in production, West Africa improved its self-sufficiency level during the period 2007–2010 (Table 13): the average self-sufficiency ratio for 2007–2010 was 54.9%, indicating a level of reliance on rice imports of about 45%. However, over the whole decade, the self-sufficiency ratio was 52.4%, suggesting a greater dependence on imports prior to 2008 (the self-sufficiency ratio was just 50.5% during the period 2001–2007). The relative improvement in the region’s self-sufficiency during the period 2007–2010 was brought about by the improvements in the individual countries’ self-sufficiency ratios. Based on the annual growth rates of the self-sufficiency ratios over the period 2007–2010 (Table 84), countries which made great improvement were Benin (113.5%), The Gambia (74.2%), Senegal (49.8%), Ghana (30.9%), Togo (15.9%) and Burkina Faso (12.9%). Over the period 2001–2010, the countries with notable improvements in annual growth rates of their self-sufficiency ratios were: Senegal (9.4%), Guinea-Bissau (6.7%), Burkina Faso (5.7%), Ghana (5.2%), Sierra Leone (4.4%) and Mali (2.1%). Countries with more than 50% average self-sufficiency ratios across all three periods were: Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Nigeria and Sierra Leone. These countries showed self-sufficiency ratios higher than the region’s average. With the exception of Mauritania, most of the remaining countries showed ratios below the average of the region for all periods.
23Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Table 13. Average national self-sufficiency ratios in West Africa for selected periods (%)Country† 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Benin 16.7 25.6 21.2Burkina Faso 25.5 36.7 30.2Côte d’Ivoire 37.2 34.0 36.3The Gambia 19.6 21.4 21.7Ghana 26.6 36.8 31.1Guinea 77.0 77.9 77.7Guinea-Bissau 50.9 69.3 56.2Liberia 43.1 47.3 43.9Mali 78.8 89.5 82.6Mauritania 55.4 40.5 50.0Niger 20.7 15.5 18.4Nigeria 62.3 64.4 63.0Senegal 15.3 26.1 20.0Sierra Leone 74.1 79.1 75.7Togo 40.3 35.2 38.4West Africa 50.5 54.9 52.4Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010 total consumption data.† No data for Cape Verde in FAOSTAT.
Overview of recent developments in Central Africa
Production
Paddy production in Central Africa has been fluctuating around half a million tonnes (Table 34). The most recent figures show 562,859 tonnes of paddy rice produced in 2009 and 664,781 tonnes in 2010. In general, the growth rate of production in Central Africa has been modest; it has moved from a low rate of 0.48% to 6.32% for the periods 2001–2007 and 2007–2010, respectively. For the entire decade, the growth rate was estimated at 2.11%. Central Africa harvested an annual average of 0.53, 0.59 and 0.55 Mt over the periods 2001–2007, 2007–2010, and 2001–2010, respectively. These quantities translate into 0.34, 0.38, and 0.36 Mt milled rice equivalent, respectively (Table 14). The biggest rice-producing countries in the region were: the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), which produces more than 50% of the domestic rice supply of the
24 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
region; Chad, with more than 20% of the region’s production; and Cameroon, which contributes approximately 13% of the region’s paddy production (Tables 14 and 55).
Table 14. Average milled rice production† for selected periods in Central Africa (tonnes)Country‡ 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Cameroon 36,665 62,575 46,258Central African Republic 22,109 24,972 23,021Chad 76,682 87,367 81,710Congo 853 969 900DRC 205,944 206,365 206,155Gabon 729 826 769Central Africa 342,981 383,075 358,813† A conversion rate of 0.67 of paddy into milled rice is used.‡ No data for Equatorial Guinea and São Tomé and Príncipe in FAOSTAT.
Harvested rice area and yield
Overall, the growth rates in harvested area, yield and production were moderate in the period 2001–2010 (Table 15). Despite this, a few countries succeeded in registering growth rates that have helped maintain the positive growth for the region as a whole. Specifically, Cameroon and Central African Republic had positive growth rates above the regional averages. Chad and Gabon also registered good progress in terms of area and production. But, DRC did not perform very well in the period.
Table 15. Growth rates (%) of harvested area, yield and production in Central Africa, 2001–2010Country† Area Yield ProductionCameroon 16.97 0.21 9.94Central African Republic 4.02 4.76 4.94Chad 2.38 –0.66 1.70Congo 1.01 1.18 2.21DRC –0.09 0.04 –0.05Gabon 1.17 2.34 3.53Central Africa 2.02 0.45 2.11† No data for Equatorial Guinea and São Tome and Príncipe in FAOSTAT.
25Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
In 2009, rice area harvested in Central Africa was 652,053 ha. The area was estimated at 690,374 ha in 2010. Annual average harvested areas in the region were 0.58, 0.64 and 0.60 Mha for the periods 2001–2007, 2007–2010 and 2001–2010, respectively (Table 32). The countries with largest harvested areas were DRC, Cameroon and Chad (Table 43). The growth in harvested area was greater than the growth in yield (Tables 15 and 16), indicating that much of the increase in the region’s production is the result of area expansion. For all the selected periods, Cameroon had the highest growth rates of harvested area, with 16% for 2001–2007 and about 17% for the decade as a whole (Table 16). Even though its contribution to total harvested area of the region is very small, Central African Republic’s rice area increased from an average of 19,852 ha (2001–2007) to 23,288 ha (2007–2010). Congo registered a growth rate of 11.5% in 2007–2010. Chad, Congo and Gabon registered positive growth rates in area over the whole decade.
Table 16. Average harvested areas and growth rates in Central AfricaCountry† 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Average harvested area (ha)Cameroon 43,393 87,570 58,576Central African Republic 19,852 23,288 20,705Chad 92,926 108,662 100,513Congo 1,904 2,045 1,981DRC 419,651 419,550 419,698Gabon 482 520 498Central Africa 578,208 641,635 601,971Growth rate (%)Cameroon 16.10 23.69 16.97Central African Republic 8.32 –11.21 4.02Chad –2.16 12.27 2.38Congo –2.35 11.51 1.01DRC –0.29 0.12 –0.09Gabon –0.41 3.75 1.17Central Africa 0.78 4.96 2.02† No data for Equatorial Guinea and São Tomé and Príncipe in FAOSTAT.
26 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
The aggregate yield in Central Africa is low — about 1 t/ha. The aggregate yields did not improve much over the decade (Table 17). Despite this, a few countries in the region performed well with yields in the range of 2 t/ha: Cameroon (1.6 t/ha), Central African Republic (2.0 t/ha) and Gabon (2.4 t/ha) (Table 49). On average for all the selected periods, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad and Gabon had yields higher than the region’s average.
Table 17. Average yields and growth rates in Central AfricaCountry† 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Average yields (t/ha)Cameroon 1.45 1.76 1.62Central African Republic 1.73 2.24 1.96Chad 1.27 1.26 1.26Congo 0.69 0.73 0.70DRC 0.75 0.76 0.76Gabon 2.33 2.45 2.37Central Africa 0.92 0.95 0.93Growth rates (%)Cameroon –9.96 7.79 0.21Central African Republic 0.53 12.25 4.76Chad 0.53 –7.68 –0.66 Congo 1.95 –2.31 1.18DRC 0.00 0.09 0.04Gabon 4.04 2.78 2.34Central Africa –0.36 1.49 0.45† No data for Equatorial Guinea and São Tomé and Príncipe in FAOSTAT.
Consumption
Rice consumption was estimated to have reached 1.29 Mt in 2009 and 1.39 Mt in 2010 (Table 37). Average annual consumption over the period 2007–2010 was 1.25 Mt, which is an increase over the average amount (0.91 Mt) consumed during the period 2001–2007. Overall, for the decade, rice consumption in the region was about 1.025 Mt. The growth in rice consumption in Central Africa increased more than 7% over each of the three selected periods (Table 18). Specifically, the growth rates were 7.55%, 7.78% and 7.46% for 2001–2007, 2007–2010 and 2001–2010, respectively. The countries with the highest growth
27Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
rates in the region were Cameroon, Central African Republic, and DRC. For all the periods, the growth rates for these countries were higher than the average for the region, because Chad and São Tomé and Príncipe had negative growth rates, while Congo and Gabon had low growth rates. The growth rate in Congo was, however, 8.31% over the decade.
Table 18. Growth rates of rice consumption in Central Africa for selected periods (%)Country† 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Cameroon 8.99 8.99 7.82Central African Republic 10.88 10.88 12.89Chad –1.83 –1.83 –2.28Congo 1.97 1.97 8.31DRC 9.34 9.34 9.20Gabon 2.19 2.19 2.14São Tomé and Príncipe –2.20 –2.20 –3.17Central Africa 7.55 7.78 7.46Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.† No data for Equatorial Guinea in FAOSTAT.
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Figure 15. Per-capita rice consumption (kg/year), Central Africa, 2001–2010Note: No data for Equatorial Guinea in FAOSTAT.
28 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Self-sufficiency ratio
Central Africa’s rice self-sufficiency was 34.4% in 2009 and 45.2% in 2010 (Table 34), reflecting very low self-sufficiency ratios for some countries in 2009 (Cameroon, Congo and Gabon), while Chad (99.1%), Central African Republic (80.7%) and DRC (74.6%) all had high self-sufficiency ratios (Table 85). In 2009, Cameroon, Congo and Gabon were the most import-dependent among the rice-producing countries in the region (or, rather, those for which FAOSTAT has rice-production data), according to their very low rice self-sufficiency ratios: less than 10% (Cameroon) and less than 2% (Congo and Gabon) (Table 85). In Central Africa as a whole, production growth was relatively slow (2.11% over 2001–2010), while consumption grew at more than 7%, resulting in consequent negative growth in self-sufficiency ratio (Tables 19 and 85).
Table 19. Central African average self-sufficiency ratios for selected periods (%)Country† 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Cameroon 10.01 13.13 11.37Central African Republic 88.43 86.52 87.42Chad 97.43 96.66 96.94Congo 1.74 1.66 1.79DRC 59.49 72.59 64.10Gabon 2.01 1.40 1.80Central Africa 36.48 37.44 37.23Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.† No data for Equatorial Guinea in FAOSTAT.
Overview of recent developments in East Africa
Production
East Africa is the third largest rice-producing region in Africa, with more than 6 Mt of paddy produced in 2009 and over 6.5 Mt in 2010 (Table 34). During the period 2007–2010, East Africa produced an average of 5.9 Mt of paddy rice per year, which is the equivalent to 3.83 Mt of milled rice. The largest rice-producing countries in the region are Madagascar and Tanzania, followed by Uganda (Table 20). The volume of paddy production in the region has been increasing with growth rates of 4.57%, 9.63% and 5.61% for the periods 2001–2007, 2007–2010 and 2001–2010, respectively (Table 34). The largest rice-producing countries have contributed to these performances, but
29Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
a few of the relatively small producers have also registered increases in paddy production. For instance, Mozambique registered a growth rate of 17.94% in 2007–2010 (Table 56).
Table 20. Average milled rice production† (tonnes) for selected periods and countries in East AfricaCountry‡ 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Burundi 42,392 49,864 45,010Comoros 12,520 12,491 12,655Ethiopia 8,255 13,955 10,630Kenya 32,924 37,008 34,779Madagascar 1,947,627 2,544,331 2,186,071Malawi 52,833 82,589 62,663Mozambique 68,516 79,764 73,064Réunion 88 109 94Rwanda 27,652 52,378 36,278Somalia 9,549 10,349 9,784Tanzania 717,171 833,151 748,059Uganda 88,771 118,968 99,197East Africa 3,008,297 3,834,956 3,318,284† A conversion rate of 0.67 of paddy into milled rice is used.‡ No data for Djibouti, Eritrea, Mauritius and Seychelles in FAOSTAT.
Harvested rice area and yield
As with paddy production, harvested rice area has been increasing in East Africa. The growth rate in area was estimated at 2.71% for 2001–2010 — less than the growth rate in production (5.61%), but considerably more than the growth in yield (1.18%) (Table 21). The growth rates in area were positive for all countries, ranging from a low of 1.14% in Madagascar to highs of 13.86% in Somalia, 12.31% in Rwanda and 7.64% in Uganda. Kenya, Tanzania and Ethiopia also registered high growth rates in harvested area. Improvements in yields have not been of the same magnitude as those for area and production.
30 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Table 21. Growth rates (%) of harvested area, yield and production for East African countries, 2001–2010Country† Area Yield ProductionBurundi 2.26 1.19 3.47Comoros 1.37 –1.34 0.01Ethiopia 6.70 0.49 7.22Kenya 6.68 1.14 3.69Madagascar 1.14 5.68 6.17Malawi 2.49 4.46 7.06Mozambique 2.18 –2.48 0.96Réunion 4.86 0.15 5.02Rwanda 12.31 6.08 20.74 Somalia 13.86 –3.70 9.64Tanzania 5.22 –1.40 3.75Uganda 7.64 –0.76 6.82East Africa 2.71 1.18 5.61† No data for Djibouti, Eritrea, Mauritius and Seychelles in FAOSTAT.
Consumption
Rice consumption in East Africa is high (Table 37) — estimated at 5.60 Mt and 6.08 Mt in 2009 and 2010, respectively. On average, the region’s rice consumption figures evolved from 3.59 Mt for 2001–2007 to 5.49 Mt for 2007–2010; the figure for the whole decade was 4.21 Mt. The respective growth rates during these periods were 7.94%, 6.72% and 9.09% (Table 22). The countries with high growth rates in rice consumption — i.e. more than or close to 10% — were Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique and Rwanda. The largest rice-producing countries in the region (Tanzania and Uganda) had relatively low consumption growth rates.
Per-capita consumption was highest in Madagascar and lowest in Eritrea (Fig. 16 and Table 80).
31Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Table 22. Growth rates (%) of rice consumption for selected countries in East AfricaCountry 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Burundi 6.68 6.68 6.87Comoros 2.43 2.43 3.36Djibouti 1.69 1.69 1.54Eritrea –20.12 –20.12 –18.38Ethiopia 20.61 20.61 22.08Kenya 11.00 11.00 9.48Madagascar 7.74 4.78 10.04Malawi 5.73 5.73 6.09Mauritius –0.48 –0.48 –0.30Mozambique 18.51 18.51 18.73Rwanda 13.50 13.50 13.48Seychelles 8.99 8.99 6.96Tanzania 4.34 4.34 3.57Uganda 6.68 6.68 6.35East Africa 7.94 6.72 9.09Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Madagascar
Comoros
Mauritius
Djibouti
Seychelles
Tanzania
Mozambique
Kenya
Burundi
Rwanda
Uganda
Malawi
Ethiopia
Eritrea
Figure 16. Per-capita rice consumption (kg/year) in East Africa, 2001–2010Note: No data for Réunion and Somalia in FAOSTAT.
32 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Self-sufficiency ratio
The self-sufficiency ratio of East Africa as a whole was around 75% over the three periods (Table 23). Madagascar, the largest rice-producing country of the region, was more than 90% self-sufficient during the three selected periods, while Tanzania, another important rice-producing country, was between 87 and 96% self-sufficient. Burundi and Malawi were also close to self-sufficiency over the three periods, but these two countries have very low per-capita rice consumption. Uganda had between 68 and 74% of self-sufficiency, while Rwanda was between 64 and 68%. The high self-sufficiency ratios in the region explain the relatively low growth rates of rice imports in East Africa over the period of 2001–2010 (7.54%). However, the growth rate of rice imports for the period 2001–2007 and 2007–2010 was 15.32% and –0.97% (Table 35).
Table 23. Self-sufficiency ratios for selected periods (%) in East AfricaCountry† 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Burundi 91.78 85.96 89.93Comoros 29.56 24.38 28.16Ethiopia 34.98 20.04 31.07Kenya 14.60 12.15 13.99Madagascar 91.72 94.36 92.81Malawi 96.20 99.67 97.05Mozambique 30.12 17.26 26.73Rwanda 63.95 67.60 64.91Somalia 9.29 11.16 10.15Tanzania 87.20 95.81 89.67Uganda 68.09 74.37 70.57East Africa 74.60 75.77 75.46Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.† No data for Djibouti, Eritrea, Mauritius, Réunion and Seychelles in FAOSTAT.
Overview of recent developments in North AfricaProductionNorth Africa is the second largest rice-producing region in Africa. In 2009, North African paddy production was 7.55 Mt, but this level dropped to 4.4 Mt of paddy in 2010 (Table 34). During the period 2007–2010, North Africa produced an average of 6.3 Mt of paddy rice per year, which is the equivalent to 4.21 Mt of milled rice. North Africa’s rice production is dominated by Egypt,
33Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
the major rice-producing country of the region (Table 24). The volume of paddy production in the region increased by 3.72% per year over the period 2001–2007, but a real decrease was observed during the period 2007–2010 with a growth rate estimated at –12.47% (Table 57). Since Egypt is the main driving force of the region’s paddy production, it was also observed that Egypt’s production witnessed a negative growth rate in 2007–2010 (–12.67%). Over the decade, the growth rate of production was only 0.59%. Morocco and Sudan, which contribute only a small amount of the region’s paddy production, obtained positive growth rates in both 2001–2007 and 2001–2010. Over the three periods, Morocco showed positive growth rates in the range of 3.25–9.55%, while Sudan’s production grew 18.74% in 2001–2007 and 10.29% over the decade, but –2.39 in 2007–2010.
Table 24. Average milled rice production† (tonnes) for selected periods and countries in North AfricaCountry‡ 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Algeria 228 213 219Egypt 4,174,859 4,348,250 4,200,954Morocco 21,296 26,715 23,372Sudan 13,376 16,557 14,445North Africa 4,209,759 4,391,735 4,238,990† A conversion rate of 0.67 of paddy into milled rice is used.‡ No data for Libya and Tunisia in FAOSTAT.
Harvested rice area and yield
Harvested rice area in North Africa decreased from 760,731 ha in 2009 to 473,465 ha in 2010 (Table 32). The pattern of harvested area growth has been fluctuating: from 2.44% in 2001–2007, it dropped to –11.61% in 2007–2010 due to an average –11.96% reduction in the area harvested in Egypt. However, over the decade, harvested rice area grew slowly (0.21%). At the regional level, yield growth rate was estimated over the decade at 0.80%, which was higher than the growth rates of both harvested area (0.21%) and production (0.59%) (Table 25). All the countries contributing to the region’s paddy production obtained positive yield growth rates with Sudan exhibiting the highest rate (9.58%) followed by Morocco (5.13%) (Table 45). Harvested area growth rates were relatively very low – even negative for Algeria (–1.48%). With the exception of Algeria, the combined result of these variations in yield and area translated into positive production growth rates over the decade for all countries and for the region as a whole.
34 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Table 25. Growth rates (%) of harvested area, yield and production for North Africa countries, 2001–2010Country† Area Yield ProductionAlgeria –1.48 0.14 –1.34Egypt 0.20 0.34 0.54Morocco 0.04 5.13 5.17Sudan 0.64 9.58 10.29North Africa 0.21 0.80 0.59† No data for Libya and Tunisia in FAOSTAT.
Consumption
Total rice consumption in North Africa is high, in at third place on the continent after West Africa and East Africa (Table 37), estimated at 3.3 Mt in both 2009 and 2010. On average, North Africa’s rice consumption figures evolved from 3.1 Mt in 2001–2007 to 3.3 Mt in 2007–2010; the figure for the whole decade was 3.2 Mt. The respective growth rates during these periods were 0.62%, 0.86% and 0.88% (Table 26). Across all periods, the countries with high growth rates in rice consumption — between 6 and 17% — were Algeria (7.7–8.4%), Morocco (6.1–8.3%), Sudan (12–17.5%) and Tunisia (9.3–12.3%) (Table 26).
In North Africa, per-capita rice consumption was highest in Egypt and Libya; the remaining countries consume about 2 kg/capita per year, with less than 1 kg/capita per year in Morocco (Fig. 17 and Table 81).
Table 26. Growth rates (%) of rice consumption for selected countries in North AfricaCountry 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Algeria 8.37 8.37 7.71Egypt 0.09 0.09 0.45Libya 0.01 0.01 –0.02Morocco 6.14 6.14 8.34Sudan 17.49 17.49 11.96Tunisia 12.34 12.34 9.25North Africa 0.62 0.86 0.88Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.
35Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0
Egypt
Libya
Algeria
Sudan
Tunisia
Morocco
Per-capita rice consumption (kg/year)
Figure 17. Per-capita rice consumption (kg/year) in North Africa, 2001–2010.
Self-sufficiency ratio
North Africa is the only African region that is self-sufficient in rice, with a ratio of 110.1% in 2009 and 101.2% in 2010 (Table 38). Over the three periods, North Africa showed self-sufficiency ratios in the range 107.7–114.0% with Egypt being the major contributing country to this performance (Table 27). Morocco followed with average self-sufficiency ratio in the range 75.3–86.2%, while for Algeria the ratio was below 0.5% over all periods. Sudan reached 32.5% self-sufficiency over the period 2007–2010, which was an improvement over its level of 19.2% in 2001–2007, but for the entire decade the ratio was just 24.3%. Overall, the annual growth rates of the national self-sufficiency ratios across all periods fluctuated, but Sudan’s self-sufficiency ratio showed positive growth rates over all periods, reaching 22.0% for period 2007–2010 and 10.5% for the entire decade (Table 87).
36 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Table 27. Self-sufficiency ratios for selected periods (%) in North AfricaCountry† 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Algeria 0.4 0.3 0.3Egypt 123.6 115.3 119.5Morocco 86.2 75.3 83.8Sudan 19.2 32.5 24.3North Africa 114.0 107.7 110.9Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.† No data in FAOSTAT for Libya or Tunisia.
Overview of recent developments in Southern Africa
Production
Southern Africa is the smallest rice-producing region on the continent with just 59,581 tonnes of paddy produced in 2009 (38,728 tonnes milled rice equivalent) (Table 34). Production is much lower than demand; consequently, the level of imports to the region grew at 3.41% during the period 2001–2010. The period 2007–2010 witnessed a reduction in rice imports of about 6.10% (Table 35) due to a boost in paddy production in the region (Table 28). Over the period 2007–2010, paddy production in Southern Africa registered a growth rate of 40.00% (Table 34), mainly due to the increase in paddy production in Angola (47.84%) and Zambia (44.30%). Over the whole decade, production growth grew at 11.26% (Table 58).
Table 28. Average annual milled rice production (tonnes) for selected periods and countries in Southern AfricaCountry† 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Angola 4,752 6,767 5,732South Africa 2,076 1,958 2,022Swaziland 68 64 68Zambia 9,606 22,088 14,369Zimbabwe 411 260 366Southern Africa 16,912 31,137 22,556† Botswana, Lesotho and Namibia do not produce any rice.
37Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Harvested rice area and yield
Total harvested rice area in Southern Africa was at 51,165 ha in 2009 (Table 32), compared to 35,396 ha in 2008, indicating a large increase. The growth of harvested area in 2001–2007 was 9.00% per year (Table 29). The region registered a greater increase in 2007–2010, with a growth rate of 29.64% per year, while for the entire decade the growth rate in harvested area was 14.11% (Tables 29 and 32). During all the periods, the increase in harvested area mostly resulted from increases in Angola and Zambia, which registered growth rates of 38.82% and 25.16%, respectively, in 2007–2010 (Table 46).
Table 29. Growth rates (%) of harvest area, yield and production for selected Southern Africa countries, 2001–2010Country† Area Yield ProductionAngola 21.39 –11.83 7.03South Africa –4.06 3.01 –1.17Swaziland –3.60 2.30 –1.39Zambia 11.84 3.27 15.49Zimbabwe 1.07 –7.63 –6.63Southern Africa 14.11 0.44 11.26† Botswana, Lesotho and Namibia do not produce any rice.
Consumption
Rice consumption increased in Southern Africa at an average rate of over 7% per year during the selected periods (Table 30). From an estimated quantity of 1.26 Mt in 2008, it reached estimated levels of about 1.36 Mt in 2009 and 1.46 Mt in 2010 (Table 37). Overall, average total rice consumption for the decade was estimated at 1.06 Mt/year, with a growth rate of 7.83%. Consumption was highest for the period 2007–2010 — estimated at 1.32 Mt/year, with a growth rate of 7.39%. Consumption levels during the period 2001–2007 were estimated at 0.93 Mt/year, with a growth rate of 7.28%. With its relatively very low production level, rice imports into the region have risen steeply to satisfy its food requirements especially over the period 2001–2007 (7.98%).
38 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Table 30. Growth rates (%) of rice consumption for selected countries in Southern AfricaCountry 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Angola 4.24 4.24 3.81Botswana 9.24 9.24 9.75Lesotho 2.88 2.88 2.86Namibia 3.86 3.86 4.01South Africa 7.42 7.42 8.17Swaziland 14.29 14.29 14.07 Zambia 6.88 6.88 5.96Zimbabwe 11.50 11.50 10.46 Southern Africa 7.28 7.39 7.83Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.
The trend in total rice consumption is also the result of the trend in the per-capita rice consumption, which increased at a rate of almost 7% (6.86%) over the decade; average per-capita rice consumption for the region stood at 16.48 kg/person per year (Table 39). Per-capita consumption was highest in Swaziland and lowest in Zimbabwe (Fig. 18).
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0
Swaziland
South Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Angola
Namibia
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Figure 18. Per-capita rice consumption (kg/year) in Southern Africa, 2001–2010
39Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Self-sufficiency ratio
The region’s rice production is not significant in comparison to its total consumption. Not only is the region’s production low, but its total consumption has been increasing, bringing the region’s total rice demand to high levels that require significant rice imports. Thus, the region remains dependent on rice imports, which have been increasing over time. This is shown by the quantities of rice imports of 1.06 Mt with a growth rate of 7.98% during the period of 2001–2007, and 1.08 Mt over the decade with a 3.41% growth rate (Table 35). In the region as a whole, self-sufficiency is less than 3% and the only country more than 30% self-sufficient is Zambia, which was 65% self-sufficient over the period 2007–2010 (Table 31).
Table 31. Average self-sufficiency ratios for selected periods (%) in Southern AfricaCountry 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Angola 3.63 2.69 3.51South Africa 0.28 0.27 0.28Swaziland 0.40 0.34 0.39Zambia 36.03 65.03 45.13Zimbabwe 1.96 0.70 1.56Southern Africa 1.67 2.79 2.15
40 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Africa Rice TrendsMain tables
41Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Introduction to the main Africa rice trends tables
The following tables contain data from the FAO data series and the countries’ rice statistics. Some of the presented data are rounded off to the nearest thousand units (production, total consumption and imports). Users should be aware that for countries with low values for a given variable, the rounding error might significantly bias growth rates and especially yield estimates. In some cases, the time-series data contain zero values due to rounding off. A major effort has been made to select a primary data source for consistency (FAOSTAT). For a few countries, rice imports have been taken from the country’s updated rice facts book on which AfricaRice and the country have been working.
Yield: all figures are for paddy (or ‘rough rice’) harvested per hectare and are calculated as paddy production divided by area harvested for each year.
Production: all figures are for paddy harvested during the calendar year.
Imports: all volume figures refer to total imports of paddy, cargo rice and milled rice, measured in terms of milled-rice equivalents, and include both commercial and non-commercial (food aid) imports.
Consumption: per-capita and total rice consumption refer only to rice used as human food, and so do not include losses and rice (paddy) used as seed or processed for other purposes. These quantities would have to be added to rice consumed as food to obtain total disappearance. Per-capita consumption is taken from the ‘Food supply–Crop Primary Equivalent’ section of FAOSTAT. All figures are for milled rice (also referred to as ‘husked rice’).
The self-sufficiency ratio is the share of locally produced rice in total rice supply. The locally produced paddy rice is converted into milled rice using the ratio 0.667. The self-reliance ratio was calculated by the formula:
Self-sufficiency ratio =Production
(Production + Imports – Exports)
Rice share in calorie intake: simply dividing the calorific intake from rice in the daily diet by the grand total calorific intake of the daily diet derives the rice share in terms of calorie intake.
42 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 32
. Har
vest
ed ri
ce p
addy
are
a (h
a)R
egio
n20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0
Cen
tral A
fric
a65
2,05
3 69
0,37
4 57
8,20
8 64
1,63
5
601,
971
0.78
4.96
2.02
East
Afr
ica
2,68
7,164
2,
545,
526
2,15
1,80
8 2,
428,
504
2,2
63,1
39
1.65
6.75
2.71
Nor
th A
fric
a76
0,73
1 47
3,46
5 65
2,12
9 67
6,98
5
655,
783
2.44
-11.
610.
21So
uthe
rn A
fric
a51
,165
5
1,12
5 21
,312
40
,505
2
8,68
7 9.
0029
.64
14.11
Wes
t Afr
ica
5,23
2,21
7 5,
289,
835
4,88
4,43
7 5,
199,
570
4,9
99,2
54
3.36
1.63
2.15
Afri
ca
9,38
3,33
0
9,63
4,62
0 8,
287,
893
9,13
3,27
2
8,6
07,2
64
2.68
4.31
2.56
Tabl
e 33
. Ric
e pa
ddy
yiel
d (t/
ha)
Reg
ion
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Cen
tral A
fric
a0.
960.
960.
920.
950.
93-0
.36
1.49
0.45
East
Afr
ica
2.13
2.18
2.09
2.15
2.11
2.27
0.35
1.18
Nor
th A
fric
a9.
9210
.04
9.63
9.83
9.70
1.25
1.33
0.80
Sout
hern
Afr
ica
2.39
2.40
2.33
2.39
2.35
0.31
0.09
0.44
Wes
t Afr
ica
1.80
1.80
1.56
1.74
1.63
0.21
5.22
2.00
Afri
ca (E
stim
ated
pr
oduc
tion/
area
)
2.61
2.
63
2.3
1 2.
58
2
.41
1.48
2.34
2.18
43Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 34
. Ric
e pa
ddy
prod
uctio
n (to
nnes
)R
egio
n20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0
Cen
tral A
fric
a
562,
859
66
4,78
1
527,
664
589,
346
55
2,02
1 0.
486.
322.
11Ea
st A
fric
a6,
049,
368
6,67
4,84
5 4,
628,
149
5,89
9,93
3
5
,105,
053
4.57
9.63
5.61
Nor
th A
fric
a7,
554,
079
4,40
3,59
0 6,
283,
223
6,55
4,82
9
6
,326
,851
3.
72-1
2.47
0.59
Sout
hern
Afr
ica
59,5
81
69,3
51
26,0
19
47,9
03
34,
701
1.86
40.0
011
.26
Wes
t Afr
ica
10,2
85,9
90
11,0
39,3
54
7,750
,972
9,
921,
321
8,5
96,4
50
4.61
10.1
35.
78Af
rica
(sum
for
all c
ount
ries
) 2
4,51
1,87
7
25,3
00,0
00
19,
216,
026
23,6
25,3
50 2
0,85
9,88
4 4.
196.
754.
80
Tabl
e 35
. Ric
e im
port
s, vo
lum
e (to
nnes
)R
egio
n20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0C
entr
al A
fric
a71
7,97
4 54
0,81
7 63
9,33
9 66
6,29
464
1,14
2 10
.14-8
.04
3.47
East
Afr
ica
1,36
7,47
4 1,
299,
618
1,10
8,89
1 1,
309,
608
1,15
7,741
15
.32
-0.9
77.
54N
orth
Afr
ica
187,
089
226,
748
324,
186
300,
714
302,
230
9.77
-23.
28-0
.56
Sout
hern
Afr
ica
1,07
9,34
4 1,
116,
118
1,06
3,54
5 1,
174,
902
1,08
0,05
6 7.
98-6
.103.
41W
est A
fric
a5,
721,
361
5,83
5,74
4 5,
137,
851
5,70
5,44
35,
320,
031
2.10
1.40
2.21
Una
ccou
nted
for†
791,
758
373,
955
(129
,366
)58
8,29
0 92
,512
A
fric
a (s
um fo
r all
coun
trie
s)9,
073,
242
9,01
9,04
5 8,
273,
812
9,15
6,96
18,
501,
201
5.30
-1.5
72.
98To
tal A
fric
a (F
AOST
AT)
9,86
5,00
0 9,
393,
000
8,14
4,44
6 9,
745,
250
8,59
3,71
2 13
.16-2
7.00
† D
iffer
ence
bet
wee
n to
tal r
epor
ted
in R
ice
Mar
ket M
onito
r and
FA
OST
AT
44 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 36
. Val
ue o
f ric
e im
port
s (‘0
00 U
S$)
Reg
ion
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Cen
tral A
fric
a38
3,86
3 29
0,79
2 20
2,69
9 32
4,42
024
6,03
5 19
.25
4.34
14.3
0
East
Afr
ica
598,
323
581,
915
294,
400
531,
057
373,
616
21.9
410
.1717
.47
Nor
th A
fric
a12
4,90
0 15
2,75
3 11
2,14
2 17
0,69
812
8,83
0 13
.70
-10.
209.
82So
uthe
rn A
fric
a64
7,45
8 62
5,05
8 30
6,09
1 64
1,02
842
3,72
9 19
.60
6.40
18.5
2W
est A
fric
a2,
594,
582
2,43
2,67
3 1,
337,7
35
2,51
6,49
21,7
48,2
25
12.7
25.
0413
.95
Afri
ca (s
um fo
r all
coun
trie
s)
4,7
94,74
9
4,33
6,65
4 2,
253,
067
4,35
8,46
5
2,9
90,3
43
15.2
78.
0715
.66
Tabl
e 37
. Tot
al c
onsu
mpt
ion
of ri
ce a
nd ri
ce p
rodu
cts
(tonn
es, m
illed
equ
ival
ent)
Reg
ion
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Cen
tral A
fric
a1,
287,
804
1,38
9,32
5 91
1,45
4 1,
245,
394
1,02
5,21
2 7.
557.7
87.
46Ea
st A
fric
a5,
598,
794
6,08
2,08
4 3,
588,
584
5,48
6,92
74,
207,1
01
7.94
6.72
9.09
Nor
th A
fric
a3,
284,
527
3,31
5,94
7 3,
127,
013
3,27
2,17
13,
174,
614
0.62
0.86
0.88
Sout
hern
Afr
ica
1,35
9,15
2 1,
459,
872
928,
865
1,31
5,87
51,
058,
673
7.28
7.39
7.83
Wes
t Afr
ica
9,95
7,89
2 10
,322
,042
8,
486,
111
9,80
1,18
28,
930,
251
2.99
3.52
3.20
Afri
ca (s
um fo
r all
coun
trie
s) 2
1,48
8,16
8
22,5
69,2
69
17,0
42,0
27
21,12
1,54
9 1
8,39
5,85
0 4.
064.
414.
59
45Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 38
. Sel
f-su
ffici
ency
ratio
(%)
Reg
ion
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Cen
tral A
fric
a34
.445
.236
.537
.437
.2-5
.79.
3-0
.8
East
Afr
ica
75.5
78.8
74.6
75.8
75.5
-2.3
2.9
-0.3
Nor
th A
fric
a11
0.1
101.
211
4.0
107.7
110.
91.
8-4
.0-0
.6So
uthe
rn A
fric
a3.
74.
11.7
2.8
2.2
-5.7
48.5
7.4
Wes
t Afr
ica
56.1
58.8
50.5
54.9
52.4
1.3
5.5
2.0
Afri
ca67
.268
.063
.865
.964
.70.
02.
70.
7
Tabl
e 39
. Per
-cap
ita ri
ce c
onsu
mpt
ion
(kg/
pers
on p
er y
ear)
Reg
ion
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Cen
tral A
fric
a10
.96
11.4
39.
0210
.759.
604.
294.
294.
14Ea
st A
fric
a14
.28
14.6
412
.80
14.11
13.2
42.
552.
552.
36N
orth
Afr
ica
15.6
715
.50
16.3
115
.7516
.12
-1.0
7-1
.07
-0.8
8So
uthe
rn A
fric
a20
.67
21.9
414
.67
20.11
16.4
86.
136.
136.
86W
est A
fric
a33
.03
33.16
32.18
32.9
632
.44
0.41
0.41
0.48
Afri
ca20
.07
20.2
818
.94
19.9
719
.28
1.06
1.06
1.13
46 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 40
A. R
ice
calo
rie in
take
(kca
l/per
son
per d
ay)
Reg
ion
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Cen
tral A
fric
a11
011
490
107
964.
34.
34.
1Ea
st A
fric
a14
314
712
914
213
32.
42.
42.
2N
orth
Afr
ica
164
162
171
165
169
-1.1
-1.1
-0.9
Sout
hern
Afr
ica
203
216
144
198
162
6.1
6.1
6.8
Wes
t Afr
ica
327
329
317
326
320
0.5
0.5
0.6
Afri
ca20
120
319
020
019
31.
11.
11.
1
Tabl
e 40
B. T
otal
cal
orie
inta
ke (k
cal/p
erso
n pe
r day
)R
egio
n20
0920
10Ye
arly
Ave
rage
(kca
l/per
son
per
day)
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0C
entra
l Afr
ica
1,89
0 1,
905
1,81
5
1,8
82
1,83
7 0.
80.
80.
8Ea
st A
fric
a2,
083
2,09
8
2,
006
2
,076
2,
029
0.7
0.7
0.7
Nor
th A
fric
a3,
030
3,03
6
2,
977
3
,026
2,
992
0.2
0.2
0.3
Sout
hern
A
fric
a2,
950
2,96
6
2,
872
2
,942
2,
895
0.5
0.5
0.5
Wes
t Afr
ica
2,71
7 2,
752
2,54
8
2,7
00
2,59
9 1.
31.
31.
3A
fric
a2,
495
2,51
2
2,
405
2
,487
2,
432
0.7
0.7
0.7
47Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 41
. Ric
e sh
are
in te
rms o
f cal
orie
inta
ke (%
)R
egio
n20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0C
entra
l Afr
ica
5.8
6.0
5.0
5.7
5.2
3.5
3.5
3.3
East
Afr
ica
6.9
7.0
6.4
6.8
6.6
1.71.7
1.5
Nor
th A
fric
a3.
15.
33.
23.
73.
4-0
.617
.42.
3So
uthe
rn A
fric
a6.
97.
35.
06.
75.
65.
55.
56.
3W
est A
fric
a12
.011
.912
.412
.112
.3-0
.8-0
.8-0
.7Af
rica
8.1
8.1
7.98.
07.9
0.4
0.4
0.4
48 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 42
. Wes
t Afr
ica:
har
vest
ed ri
ce p
addy
are
a (h
a)C
ount
ry†
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Ben
in
40,2
77
39
,900
26
,794
35,1
9930
,103
0.36
14.18
4.83
Bur
kina
Fas
o
92,2
43
132
,497
48
,556
86,3
4564
,474
-3.9
244
.69
8.80
Côt
e d’
Ivoi
re
3
62,0
00
385
,000
34
8,80
937
5,84
935
8,86
61.
221.
331.
54Th
e G
ambi
a
73,0
00
86
,150
14
,946
52,4
4029
,777
7.95
76.8
724
.16G
hana
162
,400
1
81,2
28
121,
310
146,
340
132,
560
-2.14
18.8
73.
04G
uine
a
8
71,6
00
864
,300
69
3,24
782
9,80
273
8,31
64.
683.
744.
28G
uine
a-Bi
ssau
84
,000
89,0
00
66,71
581
,321
72,2
20-0
.147.
663.
19Li
beria
182
,000
2
51,2
30
128,
571
195,
808
152,
323
2.84
14.0
07.
60M
ali
845
,552
6
86,4
96
414,
810
601,
617
491,
827
-0.8
725
.146.
16M
aurit
ania
23
,000
25,7
02
17,2
7020
,838
18,6
842.
1415
.70
4.31
Nig
er
14,0
52
20
,055
21
,763
18,5
7220
,420
-3.8
2-5
.54
-3.9
6N
iger
ia
1,7
88,2
00
1
,788
,200
2,
361,
429
2,10
2,35
02,
248,
840
3.64
-11.
60-1
.40
Sene
gal
139
,388
1
47,2
08
85,0
9812
3,05
910
0,76
10.
3021
.22
6.60
Sier
ra L
eone
523
,151
5
45,4
66
503,
479
494,
141
506,
857
9.83
8.25
4.19
Togo
31
,354
47,4
03
31,6
4035
,890
33,2
260.
4411
.47
2.39
Wes
t Afr
ica
5,23
2,21
7 5
,289
,835
4,
884,
437
5,19
9,57
04,
999,
254
3.36
1.63
2.15
† N
o da
ta fo
r Cap
e Ve
rde
in F
AO
STA
T.
49Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 43
. Cen
tral A
fric
a: h
arve
sted
pad
dy ri
ce a
rea
(ha)
Cou
ntry
†20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0C
amer
oon
70,0
00
140,
000
43,3
9387
,570
58,5
7616
.1023
.69
16.9
7C
entra
l Afr
ican
Rep
ublic
26,0
73
16,7
00
19,8
5223
,288
20,7
058.
32-1
1.21
4.02
Cha
d13
3,09
4 11
0,70
0 92
,926
108,
662
100,
513
-2.16
12.2
72.
38C
ongo
2,28
1 2,
300
1,90
42,
045
1,98
1-2
.35
11.5
11.
01D
RC42
0,00
0 42
0,17
4 41
9,65
141
9,55
041
9,69
8-0
.29
0.12
-0.0
9G
abon
605
500
482
520
498
-0.4
13.
751.1
7C
entr
al A
fric
a65
2,05
369
0,37
4 57
8,20
864
1,63
560
1,97
10.
784.
962.
02†
No
data
for E
quat
oria
l Gui
nea
or S
ão T
omé
and
Prín
cipe
in F
AO
STA
T.
50 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 44
. Eas
t Afr
ica:
har
vest
ed ri
ce p
addy
are
a (h
a)C
ount
ry†
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Bur
undi
24
,000
21,9
00
19,8
1422
,225
20,6
601.
62.
152.
26C
omor
os
21,8
65
20
,000
16
,691
18,2
1617
,570
-2.6
14.1
31.
37Et
hiop
ia
13,1
31
13
,300
6,
932
11,3
838,
796
-5.1
26.4
76.
70K
enya
21
,829
20,18
1
18,8
0016
,445
9.1
76.
68M
adag
asca
r
1,3
40,0
00
1
,350
,000
1,
235,
296
1,29
7,50
01,
261,7
070.
583.
561.1
4M
alaw
i
63,9
67
58
,500
60,9
2154
,784
0.
342.
49M
ozam
biqu
e
1
41,4
82
185
,000
11
2,03
313
7,87
112
2,07
2-5
.54
18.2
72.
18R
éuni
on
62
70
5550
20
.45
4.86
Rwan
da
14,4
33
12
,975
10
,607
15,2
1712
,011
21.3
2-6
.59
12.3
1So
mal
ia
3,8
87
3
,600
2,
375
3,27
72,
714
21.5
213
.07
13.8
6Ta
nzan
ia
9
04,5
08
720
,000
58
5,59
071
1,789
638,
831
4.77
11.3
35.
22U
gand
a
1
38,0
00
140
,000
95
,571
131,
250
107,
500
8.20
5.79
7.64
East
Afr
ica
2,68
7,164
2,5
45,5
26
2,15
1,80
82,
428,
504
2,26
3,13
91.
656.
752.
71†
No
data
for D
jibou
ti, E
ritre
a, M
aurit
ius o
r Sey
chel
les i
n FA
OST
AT.
51Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 45
. Nor
th A
fric
a: h
arve
sted
rice
pad
dy a
rea
(ha)
Cou
ntry
†20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0A
lger
ia
1
44
140
191
178
184
3.01
-15.
41-1
.48
Egyp
t75
0,00
0 45
9,52
5 64
0,05
366
4,74
264
3,52
92.
53-1
1.96
0.20
Mor
occo
4,28
4 7,
400
5,35
75,
646
5,55
8-4
.91
11.5
30.
04Su
dan
6,30
3 6,
400
6,52
86,
419
6,51
21.
910.
070.
64No
rth
Afri
ca76
0,73
1
473
,465
65
2,12
967
6,98
565
5,78
32.
44-1
1.61
0.21
† N
o da
ta fo
r Lib
ya o
r Tun
isia
in F
AO
STA
T.
Tabl
e 46
. Sou
ther
n A
fric
a: h
arve
sted
rice
pad
dy a
rea
(ha)
Cou
ntry
†20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0A
ngol
a24
,191
23
,700
7,
977
18,3
6412
,028
17.2
138
.82
21.3
9So
uth
Afr
ica
1,04
6 1,
100
1,30
51,
106
1,24
8-6
.18-0
.73
-4.0
6Sw
azila
nd
32
35
3934
37-5
.96
1.81
-3.6
0Za
mbi
a25
,582
26
,000
11
,714
20,7
3715
,095
6.65
25.16
11.8
4Zi
mba
bwe
314
290
276
265
278
1.04
12.5
01.
07So
uthe
rn A
fric
a51
,165
51,
125
21,3
1240
,505
28,6
879.
0029
.64
14.11
† B
otsw
ana,
Les
otho
and
Nam
ibia
do
not p
rodu
ce a
ny ri
ce.
52 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 47
. Sub
-Sah
aran
Afr
ica,
Afr
ica
and
wor
ld h
arve
sted
rice
pad
dy (h
a)R
egio
n20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0Su
b-Sa
hara
n A
fric
a8,
628,
902
9,16
7,55
57,
642,
292
8,46
2,70
57,
957,
993
2.69
5.52
2.72
Afr
ica
9,38
3,33
09,
634,
620
8,28
7,89
39,
133,
272
8,60
7,26
42.
684.
312.
56
Wor
ld
15
8,37
7,65
4
15
3,65
0,58
2 15
1,97
3,10
115
6,16
7,27
215
3,34
9,48
20.
73-0
.21
0.60
53Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 48
. Wes
t Afr
ica:
rice
pad
dy y
ield
(t/h
a)C
ount
ry†
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Ben
in3.
744.
072.
443.
402.
823.
8617
.26
7.08
Bur
kina
Fas
o2.
321.7
61.
912.
051.
980.
670.
491.
53C
ôte
d’Iv
oire
1.88
1.69
1.90
1.74
1.86
-0.74
0.72
-1.2
7Th
e G
ambi
a2.
811.1
61.
651.
441.
66-1
5.14
28.4
4-5
.33
Gha
na2.
722.
712.
072.
352.
22-2
.1817
.102.
29G
uine
a1.7
21.
871.7
51.
821.7
80.
550.
350.
79G
uine
a-Bi
ssau
1.79
1.99
1.46
1.85
1.58
6.38
2.64
5.55
Libe
ria1.
611.1
81.1
11.
451.
216.
87-5
.67
5.54
Mal
i2.
563.
362.
212.
812.
423.
667.
584.
95M
aurit
ania
4.70
5.23
4.37
4.85
4.53
0.47
2.98
1.76
Nig
er3.
151.
493.
332.
392.
973.
04-1
5.23
-5.2
1N
iger
ia1.
901.
801.
381.
691.
510.
7811
.163.
86Se
nega
l3.
604.
102.
473.
342.
820.
3518
.53
5.54
Sier
ra L
eone
1.78
1.67
1.14
1.56
1.28
6.43
8.65
7.20
Togo
2.60
2.32
2.19
2.50
2.31
2.88
-0.2
32.
80W
est A
fric
a1.
801.
801.
561.
741.
630.
215.
222.
00†
No
data
for C
ape
Verd
e in
FA
OST
AT.
54 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 49
. Cen
tral A
fric
a: ri
ce p
addy
yie
ld (t
/ha)
Cou
ntry
†20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0C
amer
oon
2.50
1.25
1.45
1.76
1.62
-9.9
67.7
90.
21C
entra
l Afr
ican
Rep
ublic
2.34
2.34
1.73
2.24
1.96
0.53
12.2
54.
76C
had
0.98
1.18
1.27
1.26
1.26
0.53
-7.6
8-0
.66
Con
go0.
710.
720.
690.
730.
701.
95-2
.31
1.18
DRC
0.76
0.76
0.75
0.76
0.76
0.00
0.09
0.04
Gab
on2.
382.
602.
332.
452.
374.
042.
782.
34C
entr
al A
fric
a0.
960.
960.
920.
950.
93-0
.36
1.49
0.45
55Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 50
. Eas
t Afr
ica:
rice
pad
dy y
ield
(t/h
a)C
ount
ry†
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Bur
undi
3.27
3.79
3.29
3.46
3.35
1.01
3.16
1.19
Com
oros
0.94
0.97
1.16
1.07
1.12
1.34
-8.6
3-1
.34
Ethi
opia
1.90
1.89
1.83
1.88
1.85
0.19
0.96
0.49
Ken
ya4.
103.
973.
423.
763.
61-3
.13
10.18
1.14
Mad
agas
car
3.51
3.51
2.42
3.13
2.70
3.53
12.8
45.
68M
alaw
i2.
132.
471.
552.
091.7
2-1
.34
9.00
4.46
Moz
ambi
que
0.74
0.97
1.05
0.90
1.00
-1.0
1-1
.87
-2.4
8R
éuni
on2.
812.
292.
963.
162.
933.
26-1
7.40
0.15
Rwan
da5.
625.
183.
844.
844.
216.
369.
596.
08So
mal
ia4.
244.
066.
144.
995.
681.1
4-1
4.00
-3.7
0Ta
nzan
ia1.
471.
531.
911.
861.
841.7
0-1
5.34
-1.4
0U
gand
a1.
311.
561.
441.
391.
43-1
.79
3.94
-0.76
East
Afr
ica
2.13
2.18
2.09
2.15
2.11
2.27
0.35
1.18
† N
o da
ta fo
r Djib
outi,
Erit
rea,
Mau
ritiu
s or S
eych
elle
s in
FAO
STA
T.
56 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 51
. Nor
th A
fric
a: ri
ce p
addy
yie
ld (t
/ha)
Cou
ntry
†20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0A
lger
ia1.
921.
571.7
81.7
81.7
81.1
8-3
.21
0.14
Egyp
t10
.00
9.42
9.73
9.73
9.72
1.14
-0.8
00.
34Li
bya
Mor
occo
7.31
6.83
6.01
7.11
6.32
8.58
-1.7
75.
13Su
dan
3.57
3.65
2.99
3.84
3.26
16.5
1-2
.46
9.58
Tuni
sieNo
rth
Afri
ca9.
9210
.04
9.63
9.83
9.70
1.25
1.33
0.80
† N
o da
ta fo
r Lib
ya o
r Tun
isia
in F
AO
STA
T.
Tabl
e 52
. Sou
ther
n A
fric
a: ri
ce p
addy
yie
ld (t
/ha)
Cou
ntry
†20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0A
ngol
a0.
590.
600.
990.
550.
86-1
8.07
6.50
-11.
83So
uth
Afr
ica
2.72
2.64
2.49
2.73
2.53
6.42
-3.6
03.
01Sw
azila
nd3.
063.
002.
742.
952.
822.
952.
362.
30Za
mbi
a1.
641.
991.
271.
581.
39-1
.87
15.2
93.
27Zi
mba
bwe
1.32
1.34
2.31
1.54
2.05
-4.9
8-1
1.05
-7.6
3So
uthe
rn A
fric
a2.
392.
402.
332.
392.
350.
310.
090.
44†
Bot
swan
a, L
esot
ho a
nd N
amib
ia d
o no
t pro
duce
any
rice
.
57Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 53
. Sub
-Sah
aran
Afr
ica,
Afr
ica
and
wor
ld ri
ce p
addy
yie
ld (t
/ha)
Reg
ion
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Sub-
Saha
ran
1.97
2.28
1.69
2.01
1.81
1.69
8.06
3.50
Afr
ica
2.61
2.63
2.31
2.58
2.41
1.48
2.34
2.18
Wor
ld4.
324.
374.
044.
334.
131.
360.
831.
44
58 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 54
. Wes
t Afr
ica:
rice
pad
dy p
rodu
ctio
n (to
nnes
)C
ount
ry†
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Beni
n
150
,604
162,
200
65,3
5112
2,59
687
,963
4.23
33.8
912
.26
Burk
ina
Faso
2
13,5
84
23
2,86
1 92
,157
177,
616
128,
665
-3.2
845
.40
10.4
6C
ôte
d’Iv
oire
6
80,0
00
65
0,00
0 66
4,08
765
4,99
566
6,22
80.
472.
050.
25Th
e G
ambi
a
79,
000
9
9,89
0 23
,786
57,14
638
,370
-8.3
910
6.20
12.9
3G
hana
3
91,4
40
49
1,60
3 25
1,07
934
2,57
629
4,25
2-4
.27
37.5
24.
86G
uine
a
1
,499
,000
1
,614
,900
1,
213,
033
1,51
2,39
51,
313,
922
5.25
4.10
5.10
Gui
nea-
Biss
au
150
,000
177,
022
97,4
4015
0,75
711
5,78
66.
2210
.50
8.91
Libe
ria
292
,983
296,
090
145,
086
279,
006
189,
982
9.90
7.54
13.5
6M
ali
1,9
50,8
10
2,3
08,2
30
911,
834
1,741
,418
1,22
6,61
34.
4627
.83
12.3
8M
aurit
ania
9
9,30
0
134,
447
75,0
5499
,519
84,1
292.
6118
.145.7
6N
iger
2
0,11
7
29,
963
71,3
8738
,028
58,18
2-0
.90
-26.
00-1
1.96
Nig
eria
3,4
02,5
90
3,2
18,76
0 3,
275,
000
3,49
6,58
83,
372,
535
4.45
-1.7
32.
40Se
nega
l
502
,104
60
4,04
3 21
0,84
142
6,93
629
9,02
50.
6543
.68
12.5
1Si
erra
Leo
ne
784
,737
909,
236
585,
432
740,
519
647,
209
16.8
915
.61
10.8
8To
go
69,7
21
11
0,10
9 69
,405
81,2
2873
,591
3.33
12.2
03.7
9W
est A
fric
a10
,285
,990
11,0
39,3
547,7
50,9
729,
921,
321
8,59
6,45
04.
6110
.135.
78
59Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 55
. Cen
tral A
fric
a: ri
ce p
addy
pro
duct
ion
(tonn
es)
Cou
ntry
†20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0
Cam
eroo
n70
,000
174,
800
56,4
0896
,269
71,16
64.
5432
.21
9.94
Cen
tral A
fric
an R
epub
lic39
,110
39,0
00
34,0
1438
,419
35,4
188.
901.
414.
94C
had
130,
700
130,
800
117,
972
134,
411
125,
707
-1.6
53.
651.7
0C
ongo
1,61
2 1,
650
1,31
31,
491
1,38
5-0
.44
8.94
2.21
DRC
320,
000
317,
231
316,
836
317,
485
317,1
62-0
.29
0.21
-0.0
5G
abon
1,43
7 1,
300
1,12
11,
271
1,18
33.
616.
633.
53C
entr
al A
fric
a56
2,85
966
4,78
152
7,664
589,
346
552,
021
0.48
6.32
2.11
60 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tab
le 5
6. E
ast A
fric
a: r
ice
padd
y pr
oduc
tion
(ton
nes)
Cou
ntry
†20
0920
10Y
earl
y av
erag
eA
nnu
al g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0B
urun
di
78,
432
83,0
19
65,2
1876
,714
69,2
472.
655.
383.
47C
omor
os20
,465
19
,400
19
,261
19,2
1619
,469
-1.2
74.
280.
01E
thio
pia
2
5,00
0 25
,200
12
,700
21,4
7016
,353
-4.8
727
.68
7.22
Ken
ya
37,
198
80,0
42
50,6
5356
,936
53,5
064.
8011
.07
3.69
Mad
agas
car
4,00
5,25
0 4,
737,
970
2,99
6,34
93,
914,
355
3,36
3,18
64.
1314
.96
6.17
Mal
awi
135,
988
144,
200
81,2
8112
7,06
096
,404
-0.6
79.
377.
06M
ozam
biqu
e10
4,28
5 18
0,00
0 10
5,40
912
2,71
411
2,40
6-6
.47
17.9
40.
96R
éuni
on
174
16
0 13
516
714
56.
34-0
.51
5.02
Rw
anda
1
11,0
76
67,2
53
42,5
4280
,582
55,8
1229
.03
5.63
20.7
4S
omal
ia
16,
500
14,6
00
14,6
9115
,922
15,0
5322
.90
-2.7
69.
64T
anza
nia
1,33
4,00
0 1,
104,
890
1,10
3,34
01,
281,
770
1,15
0,86
16.
55-5
.75
3.75
Uga
nda
181,
000
218,
111
136,
571
183,
028
152,
611
6.26
9.96
6.82
Eas
t Afr
ica
6,04
9,36
86,
674,
845
4,62
8,14
95,
899,
933
5,10
5,05
34.
579.
635.
61†
No
data
for
Dji
bout
i, E
ritr
ea, M
auri
tius
or
Sey
chel
les
in F
AO
STA
T.
Tab
le 5
7. N
orth
Afr
ica:
ric
e pa
ddy
prod
ucti
on (t
onne
s)C
oun
try†
2009
2010
Yea
rly
aver
age
An
nu
al g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0A
lger
ia27
7 22
0 34
031
832
74.
23-1
8.13
-1.3
4E
gypt
7,50
0,00
0 4,
329,
500
6,23
1,13
36,
489,
925
6,27
0,08
03.
70-1
2.67
0.54
Mor
occo
31,3
02
50,5
20
31,7
8639
,873
34,8
843.
259.
555.
17S
udan
22,5
00
23,3
50
19,9
6424
,713
21,5
6018
.74
-2.3
910
.29
Nor
th A
fric
a7,
554,
079
4,40
3,59
06,
283,
223
6,55
4,82
96,
326,
851
3.72
-12.
470.
59†
No
data
for
Lib
ya o
r Tu
nisi
a in
FA
OS
TA
T.
61Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 58
. Sou
ther
n A
fric
a: ri
ce p
addy
pro
duct
ion
(tonn
es)
Cou
ntry
†20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0A
ngol
a14
,291
14,
300
7,31
010
,410
8,81
8-3
.97
47.8
47.
03So
uth
Afr
ica
2,84
8
2
,900
3,
193
3,01
23,
110
-0.16
-4.3
0-1
.17Sw
azila
nd98
105
105
9910
4-3
.194.
21-1
.39
Zam
bia
41,9
29
5
1,65
6 14
,779
33,9
8122
,106
4.66
44.3
015
.49
Zim
babw
e41
5
390
632
401
563
-4.0
00.
07-6
.63
Sout
hern
Afr
ica
59,5
8169
,351
26,0
1947
,903
34,7
011.
8640
.00
11.2
6†
Bot
swan
a, L
esot
ho a
nd N
amib
ia d
o no
t pro
duce
any
rice
.
Tabl
e 59
. Sub
-Sah
aran
Afr
ica,
Afr
ica
and
wor
ld ri
ce p
addy
pro
duct
ion
(tonn
es)
Reg
ion
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Sub-
Saha
ran
Afr
ica
16,9
80,2
98
20,9
19,7
60
12,9
52,7
6717
,095
,234
14,5
54,5
924.
4314
.03
6.31
Afr
ica
24,5
11,8
7725
,300
,000
19,2
16,0
2623
,625
,350
20,8
59,8
844.
196.
754.
80W
orld
684,
779,
898
672,
021,
180
614,
146,
183
675,
748,
551
634,
486,
767
2.10
0.61
2.04
62 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 60
. Wes
t Afr
ica:
rice
impo
rts (
mill
ed e
quiv
alen
t, to
nnes
)C
ount
ry20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0B
enin
674,
520
599,
399
342,
426
658
,701
4
36,8
04
47.0
0-3
.33
28.14
Bur
kina
Fas
o26
4,46
2 24
0,27
9 18
1,22
2
1
97,9
09
191
,060
-2
.31
23.0
91.
62C
ape
Verd
e93
,149
40,0
31
31,7
06
53
,924
40,
211
4.90
10.9
99.
36C
ôte
d’Iv
oire
1,12
1,08
4 83
7,92
0 76
1,98
3
8
82,4
99
805
,509
4.
515.
043.
79Th
e G
ambi
a13
6,99
2 13
1,04
1 78
,954
1
25,6
72
9
3,96
2 11
.98
5.27
11.9
1G
hana
383,
946
320,
143
506,
849
385
,288
4
64,7
03
1.92
-9.4
8-3
.03
Gui
nea
237,
601
240,
856
247,7
33
287
,727
2
55,2
39
-1.2
8-1
2.42
1.15
Gui
nea-
Biss
au85
,088
57
,059
65
,988
48,7
32
6
2,36
7 -1
2.97
36.2
7-6
.97
Libe
ria24
8,60
7 29
4,50
9 13
1,05
5
2
15,5
67
163
,095
13
.03
27.4
813
.49
Mal
i10
9,53
4 57
,671
16
6,84
7
1
21,7
30
150
,741
7.18
-27.
88-4
.15M
aurit
ania
133,
488
97,4
62
41,7
78
102
,237
64,
539
12.9
019
.1519
.07
Nig
er10
6,05
3 14
9,07
4 19
4,66
0
1
74,2
62
188
,709
2.
28-1
2.81
-2.0
1N
iger
ia1,
164,
335
1,88
5,33
4 1,
340,
877
1
,309
,612
1,
340,
762
-6.5
516
.11-1
.78
Sene
gal
770,
912
706,
700
831,
624
890
,682
8
31,1
39
3.96
-14.
140.
84Si
erra
Leo
ne10
6,27
3 10
3,49
8 13
6,75
8
1
29,5
45
136
,323
-1
0.97
-8.2
1-1
.75To
go85
,317
74
,768
77
,392
1
21,3
58
9
4,86
7 6.
48-1
1.38
6.61
Wes
t Afr
ica
5,7
21,3
61
5,
835,
744
5,
137,
851
5,7
05,4
43
5,
320,
031
2.10
1.40
2.21
63Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 61
. Cen
tral A
fric
a: ri
ce im
port
s (m
illed
equ
ival
ent,
tonn
es)
Cou
ntry
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Cam
eroo
n46
9,45
5
363,
825
353,
917
432,
878
373,
801
11.5
7-6
.57
6.24
Cen
tral A
fric
an
Rep
ublic
6,24
7
3,
311
2,81
44,
082
3,35
1-8
.64
12.8
42.
81C
had
761
10,9
36
2,04
23,
243
2,67
435
.24
148.
7327
.23
Con
go85
,828
48
,382
64
,031
67,4
9862
,414
7.18
-11.
952.
27D
RC72
,978
47
,480
15
8,52
382
,364
132,
888
16.2
9-2
4.64
-4.6
3Eq
uato
rial G
uine
a4,
906
8,15
4 4,
243
7,07
55,
274
31.8
26.
2222
.43
Gab
on67
,302
55
,220
49
,936
63,1
9855
,999
-5.3
45.
433.
26Sã
o To
mé
and
Prín
cipe
10,4
97
3,50
9 3,
833
5,95
74,
741
-7.8
27.
212.
99C
entr
al A
fric
a71
7,974
540,
817
639,
339
666,
294
641,
142
10.14
-8.0
43.
47
64 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 62
. Eas
t Afr
ica:
rice
impo
rts (
mill
ed e
quiv
alen
t, to
nnes
)C
ount
ry†
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Bur
undi
9
,802
15
,556
4,
268
9,00
15,
878
41.9
940
.08
33.2
1C
omor
os
33,5
27
53,9
25
34,0
4440
,908
36,3
402.
819.
334.
67D
jibou
ti
19,71
1 28
,020
34
,227
33,0
5231
,029
26.7
9-2
2.21
5.00
Eritr
ea
6
59
600
505
503
534
-15.
3339
.67
7.59
Ethi
opia
30
,271
45
,190
20
,743
35,5
6924
,306
36.0
43.
5920
.95
Ken
ya29
6,20
7 28
2,31
5 20
5,21
127
5,61
122
7,98
412
.65
3.77
8.87
Mad
agas
car
109,
450
132,
510
185,
547
150,
297
170,
943
8.78
-14.
12-0
.25
Mal
awi
6
,710
751
4,00
54,
140
4,08
1-7
.11-3
6.99
-2.3
1M
aurit
ius
80,0
02
82,0
38
64,0
8173
,306
67,9
22-0
.33
10.15
2.45
Moz
ambi
que
495,
422
303,
646
259,
852
413,
569
298,
594
56.0
3-1
0.61
27.0
3Rw
anda
32
,291
44
,639
14
,829
27,0
9019
,345
-1.0
142
.47
10.9
6Se
yche
lles
5
,285
6,
203
5,62
46,
025
5,80
3-0
.180.
931.
02So
mal
ia12
8,40
7 15
2,14
6 10
6,46
110
9,89
710
6,39
826
.49
20.9
79.
96Ta
nzan
ia
39,6
07
74,8
77
116,
893
56,7
8999
,693
-12.
298.
56-1
1.17
Uga
nda
80
,123
77
,202
52
,602
73,8
5258
,891
16.5
23.
3810
.95
East
Afr
ica
1,36
7,474
1,29
9,61
81,
108,
891
1,30
9,60
81,
157,7
4115
.32
-0.9
77.
54†
No
data
for R
éuni
on in
FA
OST
AT.
65Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 63
. Nor
th A
fric
a: ri
ce im
port
s (m
illed
equ
ival
ent,
tonn
es)
Cou
ntry
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Alg
eria
75,5
52
104,
869
6
5,90
8
87,8
26
7
3,92
8 4.
028.
506.
25Eg
ypt
15,8
89
13,9
40
4
7,60
9
47,8
38
4
0,66
0 43
.19-5
2.36
19.3
3Li
bya
35,9
02
66,7
24
132
,340
1
02,74
5
1
16,3
54
7.65
-34.
25-6
.21
Mor
occo
11,7
73
11,8
92
3,55
3
10,4
35
5,58
9 14
.30
8.13
23.4
7Su
dan
38,4
69
19,0
85
5
8,55
3
37,6
00
5
0,40
5 14
.37
-27.
33-3
.56
Tuni
sia
9,50
4 10
,238
16,
223
14
,270
15,
293
12.3
2-2
1.09
0.27
Nort
h Af
rica
1
87,0
89
226,
748
324,
186
3
00,71
4
30
2,23
0 9.
77-2
3.28
-0.5
6
Tabl
e 64
. Sou
ther
n A
fric
a: ri
ce im
port
s (m
illed
equ
ival
ent,
tonn
es)
Cou
ntry
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Ang
ola
230,
284
213,
267
177,
549
281
,434
2
08,7
04
27.8
3-1
2.95
16.0
7B
otsw
ana
19,8
88
22,2
20
21,3
50
24
,025
21,7
27
8.07
-9.3
33.
41Le
soth
o11
,500
11
,500
10
,974
9,6
38
1
1,08
2 -0
.68
32.6
61.
98N
amib
ia6,
653
4,92
2 8,
419
6
,186
7,67
6 -1
.01
-9.14
-3.7
3So
uth
Afr
ica
744,
715
733,
477
779,
506
771
,898
7
58,4
92
4.67
-6.4
70.
55Sw
azila
nd20
,062
20
,062
20
,064
20,1
91
2
0,06
4 10
.54
-0.76
3.93
Zam
bia
10,4
91
11,4
44
20,2
01
12
,612
17,
955
1.34
-6.3
2-5
.40
Zim
babw
e35
,751
99,2
26
25,4
81
48
,920
34,
357
12.4
444
.91
15.18
Sout
hern
Afr
ica
1,07
9,34
4 1,
116,
118
1,
063,
545
1,17
4,90
2
1,08
0,05
6 7.9
8-6
.10
3.41
66 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 65
. Sub
-Sah
aran
Afr
ica,
Afr
ica
and
wor
ld ri
ce im
port
s (m
illed
equ
ival
ent,
tonn
es)
Reg
ion
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Sub
Saha
ran
8,92
4,62
2
8,
811,
382
8,00
8,17
9
8,8
93,8
47
8,24
9,37
6 5.
20-0
.84
3.07
Afr
ica
9,07
3,24
2
9,
019,
045
8,27
3,81
2
9,1
56,9
61
8,50
1,20
1 5.
30-1
.57
2.98
Wor
ld29
,643
,000
31,
497,
000
28,2
62,14
3
30,7
74,2
50
28,8
89,7
00
3.43
-0.6
02.
17
67Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 66
. Wes
t Afr
ica:
val
ue o
f ric
e im
port
s (‘0
00 U
S$)
Cou
ntry
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Ben
in91
,583
78,
484
96,4
7713
9,751
103,
057
60.8
0-3
0.00
24.8
6B
urki
na F
aso
69,2
12
6
3,66
4 45
,625
62,3
0450
,859
13.2
83.
919.
42C
ape
Verd
e29
,909
25,
215
10,74
722
,570
14,8
1119
.50
17.76
19.10
Côt
e d’
Ivoi
re63
8,44
0
4
59,5
91
215,
502
473,
939
307,
815
18.5
114
.25
19.2
7Th
e G
ambi
a34
,959
39,
310
16,5
6432
,744
21,8
3922
.03
12.5
019
.64
Gha
na22
5,39
3
2
01,4
86
128,
708
200,
322
154,
399
8.98
7.97
10.2
8G
uine
a91
,431
96,
061
50,2
4110
9,20
069
,237
15.4
0-5
.05
16.6
2G
uine
a-Bi
ssau
43,2
00
2
4,92
8 19
,718
22,2
3321
,585
-10.
4947
.98
-0.6
1Li
beria
113,
945
133
,843
32
,073
90,71
754
,766
21.9
550
.05
26.8
8M
ali
49,6
26
2
6,48
5 36
,447
46,16
739
,733
16.9
8-1
5.66
8.21
Mau
ritan
ia59
,493
37,7
48
14,6
9347
,541
27,6
888.
8925
.80
21.2
3N
iger
46,0
45
7
1,20
8 56
,488
74,7
8463
,871
9.43
-2.74
6.65
Nig
eria
730,
591
825
,411
33
4,13
370
2,12
046
6,66
76.
4316
.96
14.0
9Se
nega
l31
3,39
5
2
94,5
63
228,
139
405,
549
284,
999
13.3
0-1
3.06
11.2
5Si
erra
Leo
ne45
,169
4
3,95
0 43
,905
52,0
7248
,175
-16.
361.
46-0
.28
Togo
12,1
91
1
0,72
6 8,
275
34,4
8018
,722
16.9
8-1
4.03
19.2
8W
est A
fric
a2,
594,
582
2,
432,
673
1,33
7,735
2,51
6,49
21,
748,
225
12.7
25.
0413
.95
68 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 67
. Cen
tral A
fric
a: v
alue
of r
ice
impo
rts (
‘000
US$
)C
ount
ry20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0C
amer
oon
251,
234
195,
166
102,
746
220,
458
141,7
8525
.38
1.88
21.0
4C
entra
l Afr
ican
Rep
ublic
1,729
1,
033
740
1,32
81,
002
-2.3
324
.56
8.67
Cha
d40
0 3,
500
635
1,22
090
454
.7410
1.73
41.2
4C
ongo
43,0
68
23,6
68
18,0
2831
,647
22,11
724
.92
-4.3
617
.91
DRC
32,2
75
17,7
81
57,0
0621
,415
46,6
874.
826.
06-8
.07
Equa
toria
l Gui
nea
2,44
8 4,
516
1,20
03,
555
2,07
144
.88
19.7
338
.18G
abon
46,1
53
41,7
20
19,9
0541
,244
28,4
357.9
222
.1115
.23
São
Tom
é an
d Pr
ínci
pe6,
556
3,40
8 2,
438
3,55
43,
033
-17.
3657
.07
1.53
Cen
tral
Afr
ica
383,
863
290,
792
202,
699
324,
420
246,
035
19.2
54.
3414
.30
69Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 68
. Eas
t Afr
ica:
val
ue o
f ric
e im
port
s (‘0
00 U
S$)
Cou
ntry
†20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0B
urun
di
9,
543
9,94
4 1,7
825,
857
3,31
232
.68
80.9
637
.32
Com
oros
1
8,13
6 24
,268
9,
013
16,8
6511
,826
13.0
327
.01
15.6
6D
jibou
ti
14,
218
14,9
53
10,5
2517
,454
11,74
934
.51
-15.
5418
.16Er
itrea
43
9 40
0 18
437
326
7-1
0.26
44.2
018
.04
Ethi
opia
1
6,41
2 25
,765
7,
075
16,9
8510
,383
44.0
824
.7432
.02
Ken
ya
96,
142
100,
512
47,0
2088
,464
61,2
8716
.23
12.5
215
.97
Mad
agas
car
4
7,09
7 57
,676
44
,596
60,5
7749
,676
20.3
4-5
.1613
.13
Mal
awi
5,02
6 65
1 95
32,
476
1,53
3-0
.76-1
3.30
15.0
3
Mau
ritiu
s
55,
085
53,7
77
28,4
4652
,905
37,2
0011
.51
8.69
13.6
2M
ozam
biqu
e
231,
316
141,
440
67,4
9016
7,84
699
,859
62.8
33.
3739
.79
Rwan
da
11,
816
16,3
84
5,46
810
,176
7,149
-1.0
337
.80
12.5
5Se
yche
lles
5,68
4 5,
852
4,41
96,
191
5,05
02.
080.
115.
54So
mal
ia
43,
000
66,7
83
28,4
0141
,271
32,18
938
.00
29.2
419
.69
Tanz
ania
1
1,16
1 33
,612
24
,353
16,8
1123
,160
-14.
2560
.49
-5.3
3U
gand
a
33,
248
29,8
98
14,6
7726
,807
18,9
7817
.61
16.2
816
.37
East
Afr
ica
598,
323
581,
915
294,
400
531,
057
373,
616
21.9
410
.1717
.47
† N
o da
ta fo
r Réu
nion
in F
AO
STA
T.
70 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 69
. Nor
th A
fric
a: v
alue
of r
ice
impo
rts (
‘000
US$
)C
ount
ry20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0A
lger
ia44
,925
54
,920
23
,673
48,2
8632
,842
10.6
215
.43
15.2
6Eg
ypt
9,32
8 9,
189
17,3
3714
,931
14,7
8330
.10-3
0.92
16.3
6Li
bya
3
1,89
9 59
,553
47
,151
73,6
2753
,943
17.19
-21.1
89.
04M
oroc
co
11,
117
9,69
9 1,
958
7,95
43,
976
23.71
26.0
333
.40
Suda
n
21,
927
13,1
24
16,8
8017
,323
16,9
8317
.89
-5.8
97.
09Tu
nisi
a
5,
704
6,26
8 5,
143
8,57
86,
303
22.4
0-1
3.25
13.5
8No
rth
Afri
ca
12
4,90
0
15
2,75
3 11
2,14
217
0,69
812
8,83
013
.70
-10.
209.
82
Tabl
e 70
. Sou
ther
n A
fric
a: v
alue
of r
ice
impo
rts (
‘000
US$
)C
ount
ry20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0A
ngol
a11
7,95
5 10
3,76
7 55
,124
146,
419
86,7
9339
.80
-7.5
729
.77
Bot
swan
a26
,462
27
,931
16
,944
27,9
4720
,755
5.81
3.42
9.49
Leso
tho
3,25
0 3,
250
2,72
52,
738
2,86
71.1
330
.77
4.15
Nam
ibia
4,85
3 3,
547
3,77
04,
307
3,95
911
.39
-3.6
17.
04So
uth
Afr
ica
452,
802
414,
314
198,
934
410,
084
273,
376
16.6
99.7
617
.33
Swaz
iland
9,62
9 9,
629
7,770
9,68
18,
328
15.7
3-0
.63
8.74
Zam
bia
5,95
0 5,
537
7,89
27,
360
7,799
5.87
-11.
360.
36Zi
mba
bwe
26,5
57
57,0
83
12,9
3332
,494
19,8
5238
.89
34.2
933
.73
Sout
hern
Afr
ica
647,4
58
625,
058
306,
091
641,
028
423,
729
19.6
06.
4018
.52
71Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 71
. Sub
-Sah
aran
Afr
ica,
Afr
ica
and
wor
ld v
alue
of r
ice
impo
rts (
‘000
US$
)R
egio
n20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0
Sub-
Saha
ran
Afr
ica
4,69
1,776
4,
197,
025
2,15
7,80
44,
205,
091
2,87
8,49
615
.43
8.87
15.8
9
Afr
ica
4,79
4,74
9
4,
336,
654
2,25
3,06
74,
358,
465
2,99
0,34
315
.27
8.07
15.6
6
Wor
ld
15,76
5,28
6
13
,311
,635
6,
566,
337
13,2
34,7
798,
919,7
1713
.31
11.1
315
.66
72 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 72
. Wes
t Afr
ica:
tota
l ric
e co
nsum
ptio
n (m
illed
equ
ival
ent,
tonn
es)
Cou
ntry
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Ben
in39
2,37
546
9,728
198,
296
365,
912
257,7
9319
.7119
.7117
.41
Bur
kina
Fas
o18
0,25
417
4,78
124
4,99
318
3,16
422
5,58
9-3
.04
-3.0
4-4
.80
Cap
e Ve
rde
25,4
8326
,984
21,4
7624
,814
22,6
865.
895.
894.
48C
ôte
d’Iv
oire
1,36
1,21
71,
433,
494
999,
133
1,32
8,67
61,
108,
123
5.31
5.31
6.07
The
Gam
bia
107,
659
115,
791
63,6
5610
4,15
476
,914
7.55
7.55
10.2
0G
hana
711,
034
746,
706
510,
860
694,
882
571,
083
5.02
5.02
6.36
Gui
nea
947,7
4796
7,82
383
0,08
693
8,12
386
5,42
62.
122.
122.
49G
uine
a-Bi
ssau
127,
554
126,
062
124,
615
128,
318
125,
498
-1.17
-1.17
-0.11
Libe
ria30
6,60
532
9,89
219
8,97
629
6,57
623
1,42
97.
607.
608.
77M
ali
736,
930
769,
950
604,
193
721,
820
644,
156
4.48
4.48
4.26
Mau
ritan
ia11
0,47
311
8,16
087
,474
107,1
2294
,423
6.96
6.96
5.71
Nig
er21
5,68
422
3,23
023
0,03
821
2,16
522
5,75
83.
503.
500.
68N
iger
ia3,
103,
379
3,12
1,10
73,
057,7
003,
094,
616
3,07
1,41
40.
570.
570.
40Se
nega
l94
2,46
297
6,65
076
8,70
892
6,55
582
0,95
43.
633.
634.
01Si
erra
Leo
ne54
1,719
563,
394
427,
466
531,7
0746
1,82
64.
004.
004.
59To
go14
7,31
815
8,29
011
8,44
014
2,57
912
7,179
7.45
7.45
5.81
Wes
t Afr
ica
9,95
7,89
210
,322
,042
8,48
6,11
19,
801,
182
8,93
0,25
12.
993.
523.
20
73Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 73
. Cen
tral A
fric
a: to
tal r
ice
cons
umpt
ion
(mill
ed e
quiv
alen
t, to
nnes
)C
ount
ry†
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Cam
eroo
n49
5,80
954
0,38
935
7,60
047
7,120
399,
430
8.99
8.99
7.82
Cen
tral A
fric
an R
epub
lic43
,380
48,0
9823
,491
41,4
7229
,504
10.8
810
.88
12.8
9C
had
61,1
5360
,037
69,8
0261
,732
67,2
10-1
.83
-1.8
3-2
.28
Con
go88
,355
90,0
9151
,700
87,5
2062
,700
1.97
1.97
8.31
DRC
540,
401
590,
851
354,
994
519,
392
411,
047
9.34
9.34
9.20
Gab
on55
,690
56,9
0950
,199
55,10
751
,849
2.19
2.19
2.14
São
Tom
é an
d Pr
ínci
pe3,
016
2,95
03,
669
3,05
13,
473
-2.2
0-2
.20
-3.17
Cen
tral
Afr
ica
1,28
7,80
41,
389,
325
911,
454
1,24
5,39
41,
025,
212
7.55
7.78
7.46
† N
o da
ta fo
r Equ
ator
ial G
uine
a in
FA
OST
AT.
74 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 74
. Eas
t Afr
ica:
tota
l ric
e co
nsum
ptio
n (m
illed
equ
ival
ent,
tonn
es)
Cou
ntry
†20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0B
urun
di55
,246
58,9
3639
,870
53,6
2844
,506
6.68
6.68
6.87
Com
oros
51,8
1553
,075
42,9
7951
,215
45,6
332.
432.
433.
36D
jibou
ti33
,798
34,3
7031
,456
33,5
2132
,160
1.69
1.69
1.54
Eritr
ea78
6249
290
368
-20.
12-2
0.12
-18.
38Et
hiop
ia76
,673
92,4
7429
,571
71,3
5743
,972
20.6
120
.61
22.0
8K
enya
351,
257
389,
894
237,
957
335,
673
272,
330
11.0
011
.00
9.48
Mad
agas
car
3,18
3,41
23,
429,
891
1,91
3,54
33,
162,
515
2,30
7,116
7.74
4.78
10.0
4M
alaw
i72
,762
76,9
3353
,996
70,9
0059
,649
5.73
5.73
6.09
Mau
ritiu
s62
,882
62,5
8363
,585
63,0
3363
,374
-0.4
8-0
.48
-0.3
0M
ozam
biqu
e62
2,43
973
7,64
227
8,06
758
2,12
738
3,17
818
.51
18.5
118
.73
Rwan
da71
,600
81,2
6639
,898
67,8
8349
,524
13.5
013
.50
13.4
8Se
yche
lles
2,93
53,
199
2,25
92,
824
2,46
48.
998.
996.
96Ta
nzan
ia84
9,752
886,
651
731,
803
832,
822
767,
341
4.34
4.34
3.57
Uga
nda
164,
145
175,
107
123,
107
159,
339
135,
487
6.68
6.68
6.35
East
Afr
ica
5,59
8,79
46,
082,
084
3,58
8,58
45,
486,
927
4,20
7,101
7.94
6.72
9.09
† N
o da
ta fo
r Réu
nion
or S
eych
elle
s in
FAO
STA
T.
75Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 75
. Nor
th A
fric
a: to
tal r
ice
cons
umpt
ion
(mill
ed e
quiv
alen
t, to
nnes
)C
ount
ry20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0A
lger
ia82
,513
89,4
2161
,839
79,5
8368
,095
8.37
8.37
7.71
Egyp
t2,
965,
832
2,96
8,64
42,
874,
319
2,96
4,42
82,
901,7
730.
090.
090.
45Li
bya
83,3
7583
,380
83,5
0483
,372
83,4
650.
010.
01-0
.02
Mor
occo
34,3
9736
,510
22,6
0633
,462
26,1
566.
146.
148.
34Su
dan
96,4
7811
3,35
368
,842
90,4
5977
,384
17.4
917
.49
11.9
6Tu
nisi
a21
,932
24,6
3815
,902
20,8
6717
,741
12.3
412
.34
9.25
Nor
th A
fric
a3,
284,
527
3,31
5,94
73,
127,
013
3,27
2,17
13,
174,
614
0.62
0.86
0.88
Tabl
e 76
. Sou
ther
n A
fric
a: to
tal r
ice
cons
umpt
ion
(mill
ed e
quiv
alen
t, to
nnes
)C
ount
ry20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0A
ngol
a95
,336
99,3
8280
,324
93,4
7684
,844
4.24
4.24
3.81
Bot
swan
a32
,785
35,8
1320
,739
31,5
2124
,378
9.24
9.24
9.75
Leso
tho
11,9
8112
,326
10,4
3011
,818
10,8
962.
882.
882.
86N
amib
ia8,
138
8,45
26,
693
7,99
27,1
283.
863.
864.
01So
uth
Afr
ica
1,11
1,60
71,
194,
069
744,
520
1,07
5,97
285
5,21
67.
427.
428.
17Sw
azila
nd31
,052
35,4
9016
,915
29,3
7121
,212
14.2
914
.29
14.0
7Za
mbi
a38
,089
40,7
0829
,718
36,9
4532
,246
6.88
6.88
5.96
Zim
babw
e30
,165
33,6
3319
,525
28,7
8022
,753
11.5
011
.50
10.4
6So
uthe
rn A
fric
a1,
359,
152
1,45
9,87
292
8,86
51,
315,
875
1,05
8,67
37.
287.
397.
83
76 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 77
. Sub
-Sah
aran
Afr
ica,
Afr
ica
and
wor
ld to
tal r
ice
cons
umpt
ion
(mill
ed e
quiv
alen
t, to
nnes
)R
egio
n20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0Su
b-Sa
hara
n A
fric
a18
,300
,119
19,3
66,6
7613
,983
,856
17,9
39,8
3715
,298
,620
4.91
5.13
5.42
Afr
ica
21,4
88,16
822
,569
,269
17,0
42,0
2721
,121
,549
18,3
95,8
504.
064.
414.
59W
orld
348,
570,
702
348,
570,
702
336,
771,7
5934
8,57
0,70
234
0,31
1,44
21.
210.
000.
85
77Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 78
. Wes
t Afr
ica:
per
-cap
ita ri
ce c
onsu
mpt
ion
(mill
ed e
quiv
alen
t, kg
/yea
r)C
ount
ry20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0B
enin
30.0
034
.7425
.55
30.8
026
.95
15.8
03.
448.
26B
urki
na F
aso
11.4
510
.73
18.5
311
.85
16.4
1-6
.23
-6.2
3-7
.95
Cap
e Ve
rde
50.16
52.2
845
.61
49.19
46.9
84.
214.
212.
83C
ôte
d’Iv
oire
64.8
266
.82
52.8
063
.88
56.4
23.
083.
083.
82Th
e G
ambi
a17
7.00
184.
6742
.73
149.
0783
.78
4.33
41.8
522
.19G
hana
29.7
330
.53
23.7
729
.35
25.5
62.
702.
704.
03G
uine
a10
0.0
92.0
91.6
294
.13
92.3
40.
140.
240.
39G
uine
a-Bi
ssau
78.9
176
.1486
.96
80.3
984
.55
-3.5
1-3
.51
-2.4
5Li
beria
79.1
282
.36
60.6
777
.63
66.2
24.
094.
095.
10M
ali
56.6
257
.7652
.1456
.07
53.4
92.
022.
021.
81M
aurit
ania
33.3
734
.7629
.95
32.7
330
.98
4.15
4.15
2.96
Nig
er14
.20
14.18
18.14
14.2
116
.96
-0.1
3-0
.13
-2.8
9N
iger
ia20
.02
19.6
622
.25
20.2
121
.58
-1.8
1-1
.81
-1.9
7Se
nega
l75
.20
75.9
269
.77
74.8
571
.40
0.95
0.95
1.32
Sier
ra L
eone
104.
0010
4.29
87.0
410
1.17
92.16
0.27
3.69
2.41
Togo
15.0
015
.7120
.1716
.49
18.6
94.
74-7
.33
-1.74
Wes
t Afr
ica
33.0
333
.1632
.1832
.96
32.4
40.
410.
410.
48
78 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 79
. Cen
tral A
fric
a: p
er-c
apita
rice
con
sum
ptio
n (m
illed
equ
ival
ent,
kg/y
ear)
Cou
ntry
†20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0C
amer
oon
27.3
729
.1520
.39
26.15
22.5
06.
508.
956.
38C
entra
l Afr
ican
Rep
ublic
4.50
4.90
5.79
5.56
5.45
8.89
-14.
710.
67C
had
5.38
5.11
7.26
5.53
6.70
-5.0
5-5
.05
-5.4
4C
ongo
23.7
723
.70
15.4
923
.81
17.9
8-0
.32
-0.3
25.
93D
RC13
.1413
.94
6.15
10.5
07.7
86.
0928
.50
11.0
3G
abon
37.6
237
.68
37.3
937
.59
37.4
60.
160.
160.
14Sã
o To
mé
and
Prín
cipe
18.4
717
.7624
.47
18.8
522
.67
-3.8
2-3
.82
-4.7
8C
entr
al A
fric
a10
.96
11.4
39.
0210
.759.
604.
294.
294.
14†
No
data
for E
quat
oria
l Gui
nea
in F
AO
STA
T.
79Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 80
. Eas
t Afr
ica:
per
-cap
ita ri
ce c
onsu
mpt
ion
(mill
ed e
quiv
alen
t, kg
/yea
r)C
ount
ry†
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Bur
undi
6.65
6.89
5.52
6.54
5.86
3.65
3.65
3.80
Com
oros
59.4
959
.49
55.6
059
.50
56.7
7-0
.01
-0.0
10.
90D
jibou
ti39
.08
39.0
239
.77
39.11
39.5
6-0
.14-0
.14-0
.27
Eritr
ea0.
020.
010.
120.
020.
09-2
1.64
-21.
64-1
9.43
Ethi
opia
0.92
1.08
0.40
0.87
0.56
17.4
117
.41
18.8
4K
enya
8.83
9.54
6.76
8.52
7.38
8.13
8.13
6.65
Mad
agas
car
138.
0013
7.80
102.
6512
3.96
111.
24-0
.1511
.153.
29M
alaw
i4.
774.
904.
054.
704.
272.
802.
803.
15M
aurit
ius
48.6
347
.99
51.2
848
.96
50.4
9-1
.33
-1.3
3-1
.13
Moz
ambi
que
27.0
431
.23
13.4
925
.49
17.6
115
.50
15.5
015
.75Rw
anda
7.27
8.09
4.46
6.94
5.31
11.2
111
.21
11.14
Seyc
helle
s35
.1838
.24
27.3
833
.89
29.75
8.71
8.71
6.69
Tanz
ania
19.4
919
.79
19.2
119
.35
19.2
91.
531.
530.
76U
gand
a5.
025.
194.
414.
954.
593.
273.
272.
95Ea
st A
fric
a14
.28
14.6
412
.80
14.11
13.2
42.
552.
552.
36†
No
data
for R
éuni
on o
r Som
alia
in F
AO
STA
T.
80 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 81
. Nor
th A
fric
a: p
er-c
apita
rice
con
sum
ptio
n (m
illed
equ
ival
ent,
kg/y
ear)
Cou
ntry
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Alg
eria
2.37
2.53
1.91
2.30
2.05
6.70
6.70
6.09
Egyp
t35
.67
35.0
438
.00
36.0
037
.30
-1.7
7-1
.77
-1.4
2Li
bya
12.9
712
.70
14.4
013
.1013
.97
-2.0
3-2
.03
-2.0
5M
oroc
co1.
081.1
30.
751.
060.
855.
015.
017.1
7Su
dan
2.29
2.63
1.79
2.16
1.95
15.0
315
.03
9.61
Tuni
sia
2.15
2.39
1.62
2.05
1.78
11.3
511
.35
8.30
Nort
h Af
rica
15.6
715
.50
16.3
115
.7516
.12-1
.07
-1.0
7-0
.88
Tabl
e 82
. Sou
ther
n A
fric
a: p
er-c
apita
rice
con
sum
ptio
n (m
illed
equ
ival
ent,
kg/y
ear)
Cou
ntry
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Ang
ola
5.12
5.18
4.97
5.09
5.02
1.21
1.21
0.82
Bot
swan
a16
.88
18.2
011
.36
16.3
113
.03
7.82
7.82
8.31
Leso
tho
5.78
5.89
5.28
5.73
5.43
1.87
1.87
1.86
Nam
ibia
3.75
3.82
3.39
3.71
3.50
1.88
1.88
2.02
Sout
h A
fric
a22
.03
23.3
615
.65
21.4
417
.57
6.04
6.04
6.81
Swaz
iland
26.5
230
.06
15.0
625
.1618
.54
13.3
313
.33
13.0
6Za
mbi
a2.
963.
092.
582.
902.
694.
474.
473.
56Zi
mba
bwe
2.43
2.71
1.56
2.32
1.83
11.5
811
.58
10.5
7So
uthe
rn A
fric
a20
.67
21.9
414
.67
20.11
16.4
86.
136.
136.
86
81Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 83
. Sub
-Sah
aran
Afr
ica,
Afr
ica
and
wor
ld p
er-c
apita
rice
con
sum
ptio
n (m
illed
equ
ival
ent,
kg/y
ear)
Reg
ion
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Sub-
Saha
ran
Afr
ica
21.2
21.5
19.6
621
.08
20.1
31.
531.
431.
54A
fric
a20
.120
.318
.94
19.9
719
.28
1.06
1.06
1.13
Wor
ld52
.952
.953
.03
52.9
553
.00
-0.0
2-0
.02
-0.0
3
82 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 84
. Wes
t Afr
ica:
rice
self-
suffi
cien
cy (%
)C
ount
ry†
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Ben
in15
.970
.116
.725
.621
.2-2
4.9
113.
5-1
.5B
urki
na F
aso
35.2
39.4
25.5
36.7
30.2
-0.8
12.9
5.7
Côt
e d’
Ivoi
re29
.934
.637
.234
.036
.3-2
.5-1
.5-2
.0Th
e G
ambi
a28
.033
.819
.621
.421
.7-1
5.8
74.2
0.5
Gha
na40
.650
.726
.636
.831
.1-4
.230
.95.
2G
uine
a80
.981
.877
.077
.977
.71.
63.
91.1
Gui
nea-
Biss
au54
.267
.550
.969
.356
.28.
8-6
.16.
7Li
beria
44.1
40.2
43.1
47.3
43.9
-1.8
-8.7
-0.1
Mal
i92
.396
.478
.889
.582
.6-0
.15.
32.
1M
aurit
ania
33.3
48.0
55.4
40.5
50.0
-4.1
-0.3
-5.8
Nig
er15
.115
.520
.715
.518
.4-1
.3-5
.7-5
.7N
iger
ia66
.253
.462
.364
.463
.04.
2-6
.31.
4Se
nega
l33
.238
.315
.326
.120
.0-1
.349
.89.
4Si
erra
Leo
ne83
.285
.574
.179
.175
.78.
64.
74.
4To
go35
.549
.740
.335
.238
.4-3
.715
.9-3
.2W
est A
fric
a56
.158
.850
.554
.952
.41.
35.
52.
0†
No
data
for C
ape
Verd
e in
FA
OST
AT.
83Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 85
. Cen
tral A
fric
a: ri
ce se
lf-su
ffici
ency
(%)
Cou
ntry
†20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0C
amer
oon
9.124
.410
.01
13.1
311
.37
-5.6
34.1
2.8
Cen
tral A
fric
an R
epub
lic80
.788
.888
.43
86.5
287
.42
2.2
-1.3
0.3
Cha
d99
.188
.997
.43
96.6
696
.94
-0.2
-3.3
-0.4
Con
go1.
22.
21.7
41.
661.7
9-6
.723
.30.
0D
RC74
.681
.759
.49
72.5
964
.10-5
.87.7
1.3
Gab
on1.
41.
62.
011.
401.
809.
21.1
0.2
Cen
tral
Afr
ica
34.4
45.2
36.4
837
.44
37.2
3-5
.79.
3-0
.8†
No
data
for E
quat
oria
l Gui
nea
or S
ão T
omé
and
Prín
cipe
in F
AO
STA
T.
84 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 86
. Eas
t Afr
ica:
rice
self-
suffi
cien
cy (%
)C
ount
ry†
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Bur
undi
84.7
78.8
91.7
885
.96
89.9
3-2
.3-3
.9-1
.8C
omor
os29
.019
.429
.56
24.3
828
.16-2
.5-3
.8-3
.0Et
hiop
ia21
.818
.334
.98
20.0
431
.07
-21.1
5.9
-12.
2K
enya
7.8
16.0
14.6
012
.1513
.99
-5.9
6.0
-4.1
Mad
agas
car
96.1
96.0
91.7
294
.36
92.8
1-0
.21.7
0.5
Mal
awi
101.
310
0.6
96.2
099
.67
97.0
50.
60.
30.
7M
ozam
biqu
e12
.428
.430
.12
17.2
626
.73
-27.
624
.7-1
2.9
Rwan
da69
.850
.463
.95
67.6
064
.91
13.2
-10.
44.
8So
mal
ia7.9
6.0
9.29
11.16
10.15
-2.3
-17.7
-0.3
Tanz
ania
95.8
96.5
87.2
095
.81
89.6
72.
30.
12.
0U
gand
a74
.379
.768
.09
74.3
770
.57
-0.5
4.6
1.4
East
Afr
ica
75.5
78.8
74.6
075
.77
75.4
6-2
.32.
9-0
.3†
No
data
for D
jibou
ti, E
ritre
a, M
aurit
ius,
Réu
nion
or S
eych
elle
s in
FAO
STA
T.
85Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 87
. Nor
th A
fric
a: ri
ce se
lf-su
ffici
ency
(%)
Cou
ntry
†20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0A
lger
ia0.
20.
10.
40.
30.
30.
2-2
4.5
-7.1
Egyp
t11
4.4
109.
312
3.6
115.
311
9.5
2.4
-4.7
-0.6
Mor
occo
73.5
75.4
86.2
75.3
83.8
-2.5
1.9
-2.2
Suda
n28
.245
.019
.232
.524
.33.
222
.010
.5No
rth
Afri
ca11
0.1
101.
211
4.0
107.7
110.
91.
8-4
.0-0
.6†
No
data
for L
ibya
or T
unis
ia in
FA
OST
AT.
Tabl
e 88
. Sou
ther
n A
fric
a: ri
ce se
lf-su
ffici
ency
(%)
Cou
ntry
†20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0A
ngol
a4.
04.
33.
632.
693.
51-2
4.3
67.7
-7.5
Sout
h A
fric
a0.
30.
30.
280.
270.
28-4
.63.
3-1
.5Sw
azila
nd0.
30.
40.
400.
340.
39-1
2.7
5.0
-5.4
Zam
bia
73.8
75.2
36.0
365
.03
45.1
33.
710
.710
.2Zi
mba
bwe
0.8
0.3
1.96
0.70
1.56
-15.
9-3
0.7
-19.
6So
uthe
rn A
fric
a3.
74.
11.
672.
792.
15-5
.748
.57.4
† B
otsw
ana,
Les
otho
and
Nam
ibia
do
not g
row
rice
.
86 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 89
. Sub
-Sah
aran
Afr
ica,
Afr
ica
and
wor
ld ri
ce se
lf-su
ffici
ency
(%)
Reg
ion
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Sub-
Saha
ran
Afr
ica
57.2
63.6
52.4
57.0
54.5
-0.3
7.3
1.6
Afr
ica
67.2
68.0
63.8
65.9
64.7
0.0
2.7
0.7
Wor
ld10
0.0
100.
310
0.2
100.
210
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
87Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 90
. Wes
t Afr
ica:
rice
cal
orie
inta
ke (k
cal/p
erso
n pe
r day
)C
ount
ry20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0B
enin
436.
950
5.9
255.
641
1.5
310.
915
.815
.813
.6B
urki
na F
aso
114.
610
8.3
177.
211
8.2
158.
5-5
.5-5
.5-7
.2C
ape
Verd
e50
1.8
523.
145
5.9
492.
146
9.8
4.2
4.2
2.9
Côt
e d’
Ivoi
re58
5.8
603.
248
0.8
577.
651
2.3
3.0
3.0
3.7
The
Gam
bia
636.
166
5.9
418.
162
2.5
483.
64.
74.
77.
6G
hana
293.
730
4.4
224.
728
8.8
245.
43.
63.
65.
0G
uine
a96
9.4
973.
792
1.8
967.
293
6.1
0.4
0.4
0.8
Gui
nea-
Biss
au79
0.3
762.
886
9.4
805.
184
5.8
-3.5
-3.5
-2.4
Libe
ria79
2.4
823.
560
9.777
8.1
664.
63.
93.
95.
0M
ali
561.
057
1.9
517.7
555.
753
0.7
2.0
2.0
1.8
Mau
ritan
ia32
8.7
343.
029
2.6
322.
230
3.5
4.3
4.3
3.1
Nig
er13
6.2
136.
017
3.2
136.
216
2.1
-0.1
-0.1
-2.8
Nig
eria
204.
020
0.5
225.
220
5.8
218.
9-1
.7-1
.7-1
.9Se
nega
l74
3.4
750.
569
0.2
740.
070
6.2
0.9
0.9
1.3
Sier
ra L
eone
903.
390
6.1
845.
090
1.9
862.
50.
30.
31.
0To
go21
5.6
225.
019
7.8
211.
320
3.2
4.4
4.4
2.9
Wes
t Afr
ica
326.
932
8.5
317.1
326.
132
0.0
0.5
0.5
0.6
88 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 91
. Cen
tral A
fric
a: ri
ce c
alor
ie in
take
(kca
l/per
son
per d
ay)
Cou
ntry
†20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0C
amer
oon
251.7
267.
620
4.5
244.
621
8.8
6.3
6.3
5.1
Cen
tral A
fric
an R
epub
lic10
2.6
111.
860
.398
.873
.18.
98.
910
.9C
had
53.8
51.1
72.5
55.3
66.9
-5.0
-5.0
-5.4
Con
go23
6.3
235.
415
4.8
236.
817
9.2
-0.4
-0.4
5.8
DRC
81.8
87.0
61.2
79.5
67.4
6.4
6.4
6.2
Equa
toria
l Gui
nea
Gab
on37
6.2
376.
837
3.6
375.
837
4.4
0.2
0.2
0.1
São
Tom
é an
d Pr
ínci
pe18
2.7
175.
224
6.2
186.
722
7.2
-4.1
-4.1
-5.1
Cen
tral
Afr
ica
109.
611
4.3
90.2
107.4
96.1
4.3
4.3
4.1
† N
o da
ta fo
r Equ
ator
ial G
uine
a in
FA
OST
AT.
89Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 92
. Eas
t Afr
ica:
rice
cal
orie
inta
ke (k
cal/p
erso
n pe
r day
)C
ount
ry†
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Bur
undi
61.5
63.9
49.9
60.3
53.3
4.0
4.0
4.2
Com
oros
587.1
583.
456
7.0
589.
057
3.0
-0.6
-0.6
0.3
Djib
outi
385.
438
4.8
392.
338
5.7
390.
2-0
.1-0
.1-0
.3Er
itrea
0.1
0.1
1.2
0.2
0.9
-23.
4-2
3.4
-21.7
Ethi
opia
9.0
10.5
3.9
8.4
5.4
17.2
17.2
18.7
Ethi
opia
PD
R8.
28.
95.
78.
06.
57.
87.
87.
8K
enya
85.9
93.2
64.9
82.8
71.2
8.5
8.5
7.0
Mad
agas
car
1034
.910
33.4
1044
.110
35.7
1041
.4-0
.1-0
.1-0
.2M
alaw
i46
.948
.239
.946
.342
.02.
82.
83.
1M
aurit
ius
491.
048
5.1
512.
649
4.0
506.
1-1
.2-1
.2-1
.0M
ozam
biqu
e26
2.0
301.
513
2.4
247.
317
1.8
15.1
15.1
15.4
Rwan
da69
.076
.542
.865
.950
.710
.910
.910
.9Se
yche
lles
350.
138
0.7
272.
433
7.3
296.
08.
78.
76.
7Ta
nzan
ia19
9.9
202.
719
9.0
198.
519
9.2
1.4
1.4
0.6
Uga
nda
49.0
50.7
43.0
48.3
44.8
3.3
3.3
3.0
East
Afr
ica
143.
214
6.7
129.
114
1.6
133.
42.
42.
42.
2†
No
data
for R
éuni
on o
r Som
alia
in F
AO
STA
T.
90 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 93
. Nor
th A
fric
a: ri
ce c
alor
ie in
take
(kca
l/per
son
per d
ay)
Cou
ntry
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Alg
eria
23.9
25.6
19.2
23.2
20.6
6.9
6.9
6.3
Egyp
t37
5.0
368.
539
8.9
378.
439
1.7-1
.7-1
.7-1
.4Li
bya
131.
512
8.9
146.
013
2.9
141.7
-2.0
-2.0
-2.0
Mor
occo
10.9
11.5
7.5
10.6
8.5
5.3
5.3
7.5
Suda
n22
.525
.418
.721
.419
.813
.013
.08.
0Tu
nisi
a21
.323
.716
.120
.317
.711
.311
.38.
3No
rth
Afri
ca16
4.1
162.
317
0.8
165.
016
8.8
-1.1
-1.1
-0.9
Tabl
e 94
. Sou
ther
n A
fric
a: ri
ce c
alor
ie in
take
(kca
l/per
son
per d
ay)
Cou
ntry
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Ang
ola
51.3
51.9
49.8
51.0
50.3
1.2
1.2
0.8
Bot
swan
a16
4.6
177.
611
0.4
159.1
126.
87.9
7.9
8.4
Leso
tho
57.0
58.1
52.0
56.5
53.5
1.9
1.9
1.9
Nam
ibia
37.2
38.0
33.5
36.9
34.6
2.0
2.0
2.1
Sout
h A
fric
a21
6.8
229.
915
4.1
211.
017
3.0
6.0
6.0
6.8
Swaz
iland
261.
829
6.7
148.
524
8.3
182.
913
.413
.413
.1Za
mbi
a29
.230
.625
.428
.626
.64.
64.
63.
6Zi
mba
bwe
24.4
27.2
15.7
23.3
18.3
11.7
11.7
10.6
Sout
hern
Afr
ica
203.
321
5.7
144.
419
7.8
162.
16.
16.
16.
8
91Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 95
. Sub
-Sah
aran
Afr
ica,
Afr
ica
and
wor
ld ri
ce c
alor
ie in
take
(kca
l/per
son
per d
ay)
Reg
ion
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Sub-
Saha
ra A
fric
a29
4.8
300.
026
6.14
292.
2727
4.74
1.76
1.76
1.96
Afr
ica
201.
220
3.3
189.
8620
0.14
193.
261.
071.
071.1
3W
orld
532.
453
2.3
533.
3353
2.47
533.
05-0
.02
-0.0
2-0
.03
92 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 96
. Wes
t Afr
ica:
rice
shar
e in
cal
orie
inta
ke (%
)C
ount
ry20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0B
enin
16.9
19.4
10.3
16.0
12.3
14.7
14.7
12.5
Bur
kina
Fas
o4.
23.
96.
84.
46.
0-6
.3-6
.3-7
.9C
ape
Verd
e18
.919
.418
.418
.618
.62.
52.
51.
3C
ôte
d’Iv
oire
22.9
23.5
19.3
22.7
20.4
2.4
2.4
3.1
The
Gam
bia
26.3
27.3
18.1
25.8
20.5
3.9
3.9
6.6
Gha
na9.
89.
98.
19.7
8.6
1.9
1.9
3.2
Gui
nea
37.0
36.8
37.2
37.1
37.1
-0.5
-0.5
-0.2
Gui
nea-
Biss
au33
.732
.338
.734
.537
.3-4
.2-4
.2-3
.2Li
beria
35.2
36.2
28.9
34.7
30.8
2.8
2.8
3.7
Mal
i20
.820
.920
.720
.820
.70.
50.
50.
3M
aurit
ania
11.4
11.9
10.5
11.2
10.8
3.7
3.7
2.5
Nig
er5.
65.
57.7
5.6
7.1-1
.6-1
.6-4
.5N
iger
ia7.
27.
08.
67.
48.
2-3
.0-3
.0-3
.2Se
nega
l30
.630
.430
.830
.730
.8-0
.7-0
.7-0
.3Si
erra
Leo
ne40
.439
.940
.840
.640
.7-1
.2-1
.2-0
.5To
go9.
810
.19.
49.
69.
53.
33.
31.
8W
est A
fric
a12
.011
.912
.412
.112
.3-0
.8-0
.8-0
.7
93Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 97
. Cen
tral A
fric
a: ri
ce sh
are
in c
alor
ie in
take
(%)
Cou
ntry
†20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0C
amer
oon
10.9
11.5
9.2
10.6
9.75.
55.
54.
4C
entra
l Afr
ican
Rep
ublic
5.1
5.5
3.1
4.9
3.7
8.2
8.2
10.1
Cha
d2.
62.
43.
62.
73.
3-5
.9-5
.9-6
.3C
ongo
9.2
9.16.
39.
37.
2-1
.3-1
.35.
0D
RC5.
05.
33.
94.
94.
25.
85.
85.
6G
abon
13.5
13.4
13.9
13.5
13.8
-0.6
-0.6
-0.6
São
Tom
é an
d Pr
ínci
pe6.
66.
29.
56.
88.
7-5
.5-5
.5-6
.4C
entr
al A
fric
a5.
86.
05.
05.
75.
23.
53.
53.
3†
No
data
for E
quat
oria
l Gui
nea
in F
AO
STA
T.
94 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 98
. Eas
t Afr
ica:
rice
shar
e in
cal
orie
inta
ke (%
)C
ount
ry†
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Bur
undi
3.7
3.8
3.0
3.6
3.2
4.2
4.2
4.4
Com
oros
30.4
29.8
31.3
30.7
31.0
-1.9
-1.9
-1.0
Djib
outi
16.1
15.7
18.2
16.3
17.5
-2.3
-2.3
-2.4
Eritr
ea0.
00.
00.
10.
00.
1-2
4.3
-24.
3-2
2.6
Ethi
opia
0.4
0.5
0.2
0.4
0.3
15.8
15.8
17.2
Ethi
opia
PD
R0.
60.
60.
40.
50.
48.
28.
28.
2K
enya
4.1
4.4
3.2
3.9
3.5
8.1
8.1
6.4
Mad
agas
car
47.1
46.6
50.0
47.3
49.1
-1.0
-1.0
-1.1
Mal
awi
2.1
2.2
1.9
2.1
2.0
2.1
2.1
2.3
Mau
ritiu
s16
.516
.217
.516
.617
.2-1
.4-1
.4-1
.3M
ozam
biqu
e12
.414
.06.
511
.78.
313
.613
.614
.1Rw
anda
3.3
3.6
2.1
3.1
2.5
10.1
10.1
9.9
Seyc
helle
s14
.115
.211
.313
.612
.28.
28.
26.
0Ta
nzan
ia9.7
9.710
.19.7
10.0
0.6
0.6
-0.3
Uga
nda
2.2
2.3
1.9
2.2
2.0
3.8
3.8
3.7
East
Afr
ica
6.9
7.0
6.4
6.8
6.6
1.7
1.7
1.5
† N
o da
ta fo
r Réu
nion
or S
omal
ia in
FA
OST
AT.
95Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 99
. Nor
th A
fric
a: ri
ce sh
are
in c
alor
ie in
take
(%)
Cou
ntry
2009
2010
Year
ly a
vera
geA
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e (%
)
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
020
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
Alg
eria
0.7
0.8
0.6
0.7
0.7
6.2
6.2
5.5
Egyp
t11
.811
.712
.511
.912
.3-1
.3-1
.3-1
.2Li
bya
4.2
4.1
4.7
4.2
4.5
-2.3
-2.3
-2.3
Mor
occo
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.3
4.5
4.5
6.8
Suda
n1.
01.1
0.8
0.9
0.9
11.8
11.8
6.9
Tuni
sia
0.6
0.7
0.5
0.6
0.5
11.0
11.0
7.9
Nort
h Af
rica
3.1
5.3
3.2
3.7
3.4
-0.6
17.4
2.3
96 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
Tabl
e 10
0. S
outh
ern
Afr
ica:
rice
shar
e in
cal
orie
inta
ke (%
)C
ount
ry20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0A
ngol
a2.
52.
52.
62.
52.
6-0
.5-0
.5-0
.8B
otsw
ana
7.2
7.75.
07.
05.
77.
37.
37.7
Leso
tho
2.3
2.3
2.1
2.3
2.2
1.6
1.6
1.6
Nam
ibia
1.5
1.6
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.3
1.3
1.3
Sout
h A
fric
a7.
27.
55.
27.
05.
85.
45.
46.
2Sw
azila
nd11
.413
.06.
410
.88.
013
.413
.413
.2Za
mbi
a1.
61.
61.
41.
51.
44.
64.
63.
7Zi
mba
bwe
1.11.
20.
71.
00.
89.7
9.78.
8So
uthe
rn A
fric
a6.
97.
35.
06.
75.
65.
55.
56.
3
Tabl
e 10
1. S
ub-S
ahar
an A
fric
a, A
fric
a an
d w
orld
rice
shar
e in
cal
orie
inta
ke (%
)R
egio
n20
0920
10Ye
arly
ave
rage
Ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
(%)
20
01–2
007
2007
–201
020
01–2
010
2001
–200
720
07–2
010
2001
–201
0Su
b Sa
hara
n A
fric
a12
.512
.611
.812
.512
.10.
90.
91.
0 A
fric
a 8.
18.
17.9
8.0
7.90.
40.
40.
4 W
orld
18
.918
.819
.418
.919
.2-0
.4-0
.4-0
.5
97Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010
REFERENCES
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FAO. 2011a. Rice Market Monitor Vol. 14 No. 2 (April). FAO, Rome.
FAO. 2011b. Global Food Price Monitor (8 July). FAO, Rome.
FAO. 2011c. FAOSTAT. http://faostat.fao.org (accessed 3 August 2011).
FAO. 2011d. FAO initiative on soaring food prices. www.fao.org/isfp/isfp-home/en/ (accessed 10 August 2011).
FAO. 2012a. Rice Market Monitor Vol. 15 No. 1 (January). FAO, Rome.
FAO. 2012b. FAOSTAT. http://faostat.fao.org (accessed 26 January 2012).
FAO. 2012c. FAOSTAT. http://faostat.fao.org (accessed 28 February 2012).
FAO. 2012d. Rice Market Monitor Vol. 15 No. 3 (July). FAO, Rome.
Méndez del Villar, P. 2012. InterRice Monthly Report of the World Market of Rice No. 101 (July). CIRAD, Montpellier, France.
Rejesus, R.M., Mohanty, S. and Balagtas, J.V. 2012. Forecasting Global Rice Consumption. Working Paper. Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.
World Bank. 2012. Data: Methodologies. http://data.worldbank.org/about/data-overview/methodologies (accessed 2 April 2012).
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