Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

Engineering an Healing Environment for a High Rise Hospital

Architects for Health A Tower for Health January 2014

David Leversha CEng MIStructE Mst(Cantab) MEng(Hons)

Project Director

Simon Bourke Director of Healthcare

Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

Introduction

• What is the challenge? • What is tall? •  Laws of Physics • Wind & Seismic •  Servicing and redundancy •  Fire •  Circulation •  Key Healthcare drivers •  Natural light & Ventilation •  Street Level Comfort

Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

•  Structure

•  Fire

•  Infection Control

•  Security

•  Energy reduction

•  Water reduction

•  Minimising waste

•  Materials

•  Flexibility

•  Daylight

•  Thermal Comfort

•  Acoustics

•  People Flow

• Traffic

Patient Experience Safety Sustainability

Patient focussed design

Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

How do you get one of these…. ….to !t into one of these?

Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

What is Tall?

•  Perhaps tall when lateral loads dominate the structural form due to strength and serviceability (de"ection criteria).

•  No speci!c height that de!nes a tall building.

Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

Impact of physics on the building

Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

Impact of physics on the building

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Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

Impact of physics on the building

Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

Impact of physics on the building

Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

Standard framing options

•  Lateral loads must !nd their way to the ground

•  Explore different options for transferring lateral and gravity loads

•  Standard Height to breadth ratios =

•  Space HAS to be usable. Max distance to façade circa 12m.

Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

The art of the engineer…..

•  Combine different materials and utilise their relative strengths for maximum gain, whilst combining stability zones for plant

North Lake

Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

Design Constraints

Public

Ward

Office

Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

Wind Comfort

•  Comfort of building occupiers

•  Tall buildings cause strong winds at the base due to downwash and corner acceleration which cause comfort and safety concerns in strong winds

• Massing, façade design and canopies should be developed to reduce downwash or to provide mitigation and shelter in key locations

Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

Tall Buildings – Integration

Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

Lift Strategy • Waiting times •  Helipad location •  Size •  Separation of "ows •  Impact on Core

Goods and Fire Lift

Passenger Lifts

Bed Passenger Lifts

Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

Impact of core on area

Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

Economics

Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

Plant

Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

Water

High Rise Booster Pumps

Water Storage Low Rise Booster Pumps

Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

Drainage

Foul Drainage Headers At Interim Floors

Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

Ventilation

• Wind pressure is a primary consideration

• Natural ventilation is achievable for rooms on the external façade – using a perforated ventilation façade system

• Full mechanical ventilation provides best control against wind pressure.

Centralised plant

Centralised plant

Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

Maximising Natural Light

•  Buttressed structural "oor plate of Burj Khalifa naturally lends itself to maximising external façade and thus enhancing usable space.

Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

Fire Fighting

Required on all buildings over 60 metres high

• Position adjacent to lift cores

• Provide a high and low pressure systems to supply the upper and lower half of the tower

Buro Happold the engineering of excellence

Conclusions

•  Skill of the architect is to incorporate the constraints imposed by mother nature and express them in the facade

•  Traditional adjacencies need to be challenged and new methods of working explored

•  Success of any project is dependent on selecting the right team

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The engineering of excellence