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7/29/2019 A Parts of Speech - Week 1
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7/29/2019 A Parts of Speech - Week 1
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In the English language . . .
There are eight parts of speech . . .
Nouns
Verbs
Pronouns
Adjectives
Adverbs
Conjunctions
Prepositions Interjections
I t is important to
understand that every word
in a sentence has a job to
do, a role in the sentence.
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Noun:person, place,thing or
quality Person: Mr. Ameer likes to eat curry.
Place: Dungun is an old town.
Thing: To serve you need a couple of plates.
Quality: Kindness is a great attitude to possess.
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Proper and Common Nouns
A proper noun names a specif ic person,
place, or thing. Always capitalize the
f irst letter of a proper noun.
For example:
I went to Kuala Selangor .
Mr. Badrul was kind.
My new kitten, Chibi , is playful.
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Proper and Common Nouns
A common noun names a general
person, place or thing.
For example:
I went to the mall .
The man was deaf.
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Countable and Uncountable
NounsCountable nouns are nouns that can be
counted such as car, boy, table, fan.
Uncountable nouns are nouns that cannot
be counted such as air, water, sand, flour .
Other nouns that are uncountable are
luggage, furniture, equipment, money, garbage, information, knowledge.
Some nouns can be both based on the
context: hair, jam, wood, work . 6
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Concrete and Abstract Nouns
Nouns that can be seen or recognized
through any of the five senses are called
concrete nouns.
Nouns that cannot be seen or recognized
through any of the five senses are called
abstract nouns such as kindness, anger,neighborhood, childhood .
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Verb: shows action or state of
being Action: He jumped up and down.
State of being: He was happy that
particular morning.
was is a “be” verb
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Action verbs can be transitive
and intransitive A transitive verb is one which must have
an object to complete its meaning, and to
receive the action expressed.
For example:
I bake a cake.
My cat found a dead bird.
Mr. Bell invented the telephone.
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Action verbs can be transitive
or intransitive or both An intransitive verb is one which is
complete in itself, or which is completed
by other words without requiring anobject
For example:
She cried.
My husband snores every night.
Mrs. Bond sleeps soundly.
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Action verbs can be transitive
or intransitive or bothSometimes, a verb can be both transitive
and intransitive
For example:
She ate a banana. (T)
She ate greedily.(I)
The boy flew the kite.(T)
The bird flew high.(I)
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Regular and Irregular Verbs
• Verbs that carry d, ed, ied when theyare formed in the past and perfecttenses.
• For example: smiled , walked,carried.
Regular
Verbs
• Verbs that change and do not
change in their spelling whenthey are formed in the past and
perfect tenses.
• For example: brought, felt, set,cut
Irregular Verbs
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Pronoun: takes the place of a
nounSahari was studying for the mid-term exam
when he realized that it was four o’clock in themorning.
(There are actually many types of pronouns: subject, object, adjective, possessive, reflexive,relative )
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Types of Pronouns
Subject Object Adjective Possessive Reflexive
I me my mine myself
You you your yours yourself/
yourselvesWe us our ours ourselves
They them their theirs themselves
He him his his himself
She her her hers herself
It it its - itself
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Adjective: describes a noun
The beautiful woman only wanted a piece
of knitted handkerchief.
The rainy season made us even sadder.
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Article: There are only three articles--the, a , an (Actually, articles are adjectives and not a
different part of speech)
The car was not only red but shiny.
A full moon always appears in June.
An umbrella was left near the gate.
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Adverb: describes a verb
The little boy walked happily through the
field.
The orphan hungrily ate the hot soup.
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Adverb: describes an adjective
Aminah was too scared to enter the dark
room.
The cat is very sick.
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Adverb: describes other
adverbs
The kitten jumped incredibly high.
The boy performed extremely well in his
final exam.
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Conjunctions: words that join
words, phrases or sentences Manisa and Marisa loved to cook.
You will sit for the test, or you will fail.
I am happy because I just passed my exam.
It has been cloudy since yesterday.
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Preposition: A word or phrase that shows the
relationship between the noun that it takes as an object
and some other word in the sentence.
The cat was on the table.
The dog was under the table.
These are some common prepositions:
for on to up
at under above toward
with between in behind
from upon into off
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Interjections: expressive words
Wow , you look stunning in that red dress.
Oh , you really need to go and see a
doctor.
Huh , what did you say?
Ah, now I know how to solve the problem.
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Identify each word in the
following sentenceThe beautiful girl was walking slowly on
the cool lawn, and she was reading an
interesting book about princes and princesses which she enjoyed.
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The beautiful girl was walking slowly
article adjective noun verb verb adverb
on the cool lawn, and she was reading an preposition article adjective noun conjunction pronoun verb verb article
Interesting book about princes and princesses adjective noun preposition noun conjunction noun
which she enjoyed. pronoun pronoun verb
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Assignment: Identify parts of speech1. The rich girl knew that she would be the only pretty
woman at the party.
2. Mother did not know if she was going to make the
cake, and she was very tired to buy the ingredients.
3. The worried doctor told the patients that they
desperately needed to go on a diet.
4. I ran many miles every day, and I couldn’t even
lose a kilogram.
5. This quiz was a piece of cake.