5.1 Byzantine Empire.notebook

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November 05, 2014

Nov 15­6:33 PM

The Byzantine Empire­ The Byzantine Empire was the Eastern half of the Roman empire­ It is called the Byzantine Empire after it's capital Byzantium­ Byzantium became the Roman capital in 326, when Emperor Constantine declared it as the new capital and renamed the city after himself; Constantinople

Why move the capital?­ Rome was under constant attack by invading Germanic Tribes­ Byzantium (Constantinople) was an important trading city because of its location­ Constantinople was at the crossroads of Europe & Asia and the Black Sea & Mediterranean Sea

Bosporus Straight = narrow waterway that connected the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea

Nov 15­6:41 PM

Building the New Rome­ Gradually the Byzantine Empire developed a seperate identity from the Roman Empire

Ex: Spoke Greek instead of Latin, Practiced Eastern Orthodox Christianity instead of Roman Catholicism

Emperor Justinian­ Became the Emperor of the Byzantine Empire in 527 AD ­ Viewed himself as a Roman Emperor and ruled with absolute power like the previous Roman Emperors did­ To regulate the Eastern half of the Roman Empire (Byzantine) Justinian revised the Roman code of laws and created his own

Justinian's Code­ He created a panel to review and revise all of the Roman Laws­ He created a new law code, based on the old Roman laws­ The code contained 5,000 revised Roman Laws that dealth with; marriage, property, slavery, rights of women, and criminal law

Jan 10­11:45 AM

Empress Theodora

- "Co-emperor" with her husband, Justinian

- Often met with foreign rulers, passed laws, and had churches built

- Known for being her husband's closest advisor

Nov 15­6:58 PM

Glorifying ConstantinopleEmperor Justinian also focused a lot of attention and time to creatinga city that would be worthy of becoming the "New Rome"

Fortifications of Constantinople: ­ Two walls were built to protect the Capital from invasions ­ Another wall was built along the coast

Churches of Constantinople ­ Constantine also focused on building churches throughout the city ­ The greatest church built by Emperor Justinian was the Hagia Sophia

­ The Hagia Sophia utilized Roman and Arabic architecture

Dome = Roman influenceSpires = Arabic influence

Nov 15­7:11 PM Nov 15­7:12 PM

Byzantium Preserves Learning** One of Byzantine Empire's lasting impacts it has had was that the cultures of Greece and Rome were preserved by the Empire **

­ The "classics" produced by Greece and Rome were used as textbooks in classrooms­ Greek and Latin were taught to Byzantine youth ­ Math, Science, & History were all subjects studied by the Byzantines; their learning revolved around the advancements made by Greek and Roman thinkers

5.1 Byzantine Empire.notebook

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November 05, 2014

Nov 15­7:20 PM

The Christian Church divides

The Great Schism (1054) resulted in Christianity being divided into two seperate branches of Christianity: Roman Catholic & Eastern Orthodox

Schism = split or division

Reasons for the Schism (split):1) While the western Roman empire was falling apart; the Pope became the most important political and religious figure2) In the East (Byzantium) the empire was stable and had a powerful emperor; the emperor was the most important political AND religious figure3) The two sides began to debate over Religious Icons

Icons = symbols that represent religious ideas

Today, the Orthodox Church and Roman Catholicism are still divided

They have many similar beliefs, but still disagree on some ideas:­ Eastern Orthodox priests can marry, Catholic priests can not­ Pope = leader of the Catholic church, Eastern Orthodox does not

recognize the Pope as the leader of the church­ Divorce is not permitted in Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodox allows

divorce in some circumstances

Jan 23­12:18 PM

Dec 30­11:30 AM

January 7, 2014

DO NOW: Hand in your homework assignment

I can . . .

Read documents about Emperor Justinian's rule over the Byzantine Empire

Analyze the documents and answer questions that pertain to the document

Write a paragraph using the information from the documents in which I discuss whether Justinian was a positive emperor or negative emperor