3D Printer Workshop (Bitraf, April 2015)

Jens Chr Brynildsen / @jenschr

bitraf.no

Wednesday, April 15, 15

3D PRINTER WORKSHOPBitraf, September 24 2014

Jens Chr Brynildsen @jenschr / jenschr på gmail

OVERVIEW• How does our printers work?

• What software should you download?

• Printing workflow

• Finding 3D models online

• How to solve common problems

• ABS printing

• How to make your own 3D models

HOW DOES OUR PRINTERS WORK?

ULTIMAKER ORIGINAL

ULTIMAKER 2

ON / OFF

WHEN THE LAST PERSON LEAVES -ALL 3D PRINTERS ARE TURNED OFF.

LONG PRINT? STAY AND READ A BOOK...

4 AXIS

X & Y AXIS

Z-AXIS

ENDSTOPS

BUILD PLATFORM

PLASTIC FEEDING

HOTEND

EXTRUDER

BOWDEN TUBE

ULTICONTROLLER

OTHER PRINTERS?

• All printers will have similar features/equipment

• All you learn today will apply to other machines, but the physical layout may be different

• Open Source printers encourage you to learn & print

• Closed Source printers encourage you to print

• Bitraf encourages Open Source

WHAT SOFTWARE SHOULD YOU DOWNLOAD?

FOR ALL USERS

Download Curahttp://software.ultimaker.com

(Windows, Mac, Linux)

PLASTICS

• melts at 50-70C

• brittle / will snap

• fully renewable

• very easy to use

• needs a fan

PLA ABS

• melts at >110C

• rugged / LEGO plastic

• made from oil

• requires special care

• needs a heated bed

• melts at 50-70C

• fully renewable

• needs a fan

PLA ABS

• melts at >110C

• rugged / LEGO plastic

• made from oil

• requires special care

• needs a heated bed

• melts at 50-70C

• fully renewable

• needs a fan

OTHER PLASTICS

• PLA/ABS with additives

• PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) / XT

• Nylon / PC (Polycarbonate) / HIPS (High Impact Polystyrene)

• NinjaFlex, EcoFlex, FlexiFil, Rubber-like

• Woodfill/Copperfill, Laywood/Laybrick/BendLay

• Poro-Lay (porous, fibrous, foam, felt, jelly consistency)

• PVA (AquaSolve), thermocromatic

Image by George Roberts, http://gr5.orgWednesday, April 15, 15

FILAMENT TIPS• We have some donated plastic here to play with. YMMV

• The “cheap plastic” is often expensive if time is a cost

• Buy your own plastic to learn what you are printing with

• Buying from a renowned vendor will save you time and grief (use Ultimaker, Faberdashery, DiamondAge, Ultimachine, GRFF or Protoparadigm)

• Colorfabb’s PLA/PHA mixture can be difficult to work with unless you only print with that one plastic. It’s more sticky...

Ball Bearing in filament? Image by RichRap, http://richrap.blogspot.no/2012/06/jammed-frggn-nozzle-30doc-days-1518.htmlWednesday, April 15, 15

ALTERNATE SOFTWARE

• Check out Slicer http://slic3r.org/(for Windows, Mac & Linux)

• Repetier Host for direct control of the printerhttp://www.repetier.com/download/

• Kisslicer & Netfabb may be interesting too

PRINTING WORKFLOW

WORKFLOW

1. Find / make model

2. Slice model & save to SD

3. Prepare the printer

4. Start printing!

1. FIND A MODEL

• Thingiverse.com

• Youmagine.com

• Cubehero.com

• Bld3r.com

• Github

Read more at http://richrap.blogspot.no/2014/05/makerbot-patents-twist-knife-on-open.htmlWednesday, April 15, 15

2. SLICE THE MODEL

• Cura

• Slicer

• Kisslicer

• Netfabb

• Skeinforge / RepG

3. PREPARE THE PRINTER(All steps may not be required)

3. PREPARE THE PRINTERPrepare the build surface

Image by Ultimaker

PREPARE THE PRINTERLevel the print bed

Image by Ultimaker

PREPARE THE PRINTERInserting filament & priming

PREPARE THE PRINTERUse Ulticontroller to heat the nozzle

1. Push Encoder2. Select “Control”3. Select “Nozzle”4. Set to 210C

Image by Ultimaker

PREPARE THE PRINTERWhen heated, open extruder latch

PREPARE THE PRINTEROpen extruder drive

PREPARE THE PRINTERInsert the filament

Insert filament all the waythrough the bowden tube. Push until it reachesthe extruder.

PREPARE THE PRINTERClose and prime the extruder

Lock the extruder & thenturn the big extruder gearuntil you see plastic coming out of the nozzle.

4. START PRINTING

1. Insert SD card2. Push Encoder3. Select “Print from SD”4. Scroll to the file & select

WHEN THE LAST PERSON LEAVES - ALL 3D PRINTERS

ARE TURNED OFF.

NO EXCEPTIONS!

Image from http://forums.reprap.org/read.php?392,375707Wednesday, April 15, 15

Image from http://www.fabbaloo.com/blog/2014/7/13/near-disaster-while-3d-printingWednesday, April 15, 15

Image from https://groups.google.com/forum/#!msg/ultimaker/tOx2ED07F9A/YdNPOL8I8NwJWednesday, April 15, 15

PRINTING BREAK...

PRINTING RULES1. You break it, you fix it

2. Keep the space clean. Don’t leave a mess.

3. The printers are a membership advantage. Only Bitraf members may use the printers (as well as other machines).

4. For good prints - buy your own quality plastic. Keep it in a bin in the Lab.

5. No unattended printing. When the last person leaves - all 3D printers are turned off along with all other equipment.

HOW TO SOLVECOMMON PROBLEMS

SWITCHING PLASTICS

• Feed plastic manually until new color shows

• Keep extruding for a while or do a test print

• Old colors will keep contaminating your print until you got it all out

• Slightly hotter temp may help cleaning out the old

GREAT HELP-SITE!

HOTEND

Copper nozzle

Aluminium heater block

Peek tube

PTFE insert (White plastic)

CLOGGED HOTEND (A)1. Warm extruder to 200C

2. Hold aluminium block still with a wrench

3. Use another wrench to unscrewthe copper tip. Can’t be done when cold!

4. Heat copper using a burner

5. Insert a piece of ABS/PLA firmlyinto the warm tip. Wait a fewseconds and pull back. This removesplastic & impurities

6. Use the wire of a resistor to push any impurities into the nozzle tip & then do #4 + 5 until clean

7. Re-assemble while warm or it won’t fit

If you leave the extruderhot for a long time

you’ll create one of themost time-consumingproblems for yourself.

A plug forms here sincethe heat creeps up the

brown PEEK piece.

When you try topush warm plastic into

a tube, it expandsand creates a plug...

CLOGGED HOTEND (B)

To solve this, you need to:

1. Heat the extruder & retract the filament

2. unscrew the long screws

3. Lift out the hotend assembly so you can remove the plug

4. Screw the thing back together while you make sure the bowden tube is flush with the white plastic piece that goes into the brown peek. Any gap there will allow plugs to form again.

CLOGGED HOTEND (B)

COLD-PULL

OTHER ERRORS?jenschr [ på ) gmail { punktum ) com

ABS PRINTING

DIFFERENCES

• Heated build platform

• Kapton or PET tape

• UHU glue stick

• No print-fan

• Enclosure

WARPING

http://i.imgur.com/h3fyXCp.jpgWednesday, April 15, 15

WARPING

http://i.imgur.com/h3fyXCp.jpgWednesday, April 15, 15

PREVENTING WARPING

WARPING

POST-TREATMENT

QUESTIONS?

3D Printer Workshop (Bitraf, April 2015)

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