Post on 07-Jul-2018
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WATER TREATMENT INA POWER PLANT
•External Treatment–Pre Treatment
–Softening/Demineralization/Degassing
•Internal Treatment–
Condensate olis!ing–Ox"gen Treatment
–De aeration/ #"drazine Dozing
–P!os!ate Dozing
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MET#ODOLO$IES %OR WATERTREATMENT
• PRE TREATMENT– C!lorination
– Sedimentation
– %iltration
– Coag&lation and %lo''&lation– A'ti(ated 'ar)on *lter
+, SO%TENIN$+, Soda lime ro'ess
-, Lime.)ase ex'!ange softener
, 0lend softener
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-, E1OPORATION
, DEMINERALISATION
2, DE$ASSIN$3, MEM0RANE PROCESSES
-, RE1ERSE OSMOSIS
, 4LTRA %ILTRATION
2, ELECTRO DIAL5SIS
MET#ODOLO$IES %ORWATER TREATMENT
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OR$ANICS
- Deri(es from de'omosing(egeta)le matter
- Most imortant 'onstit&ent is a
gro& of large 6ee7l" a'idi'mole'&les 'alled as !&mi' a'ids
- Man" of t!em are
ol"ele'trol"tes- $i(e 6ater "ello6 to )ro6n
'olo&r
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OR$ANICS
8, %o&l anion resin in t!ree7inds,
8, S&rfa'e 'oating interfering
6it! rate of rea'tion+, Loss of 'aa'it" d&e to t!e
a'ti(e sites in t!e resin areeit!er ermanentl" o''&ied
)" organi's or t!e oresleading to t!em !a(e )een)lo'7ed
-, Arrests 'a&sti' soda d&ringregeneration,
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COPIN$ WIT#
OR$ANICS8, Lea(e t!em and s&9er t!e
'onse:&en'es
+, 4se oro&s resins eit!er as6or7ing resin or a)sor)ers
-, Remo(e !&mi' a'ids in a re.
treatment lant,
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COLLOIDS
- 4s&all" 'la" arti'les &to ;,+mi'ron size,
-0iggest !&mi' a'ids are also6it!in 'olloidal size,
- 0&ild & an inert 'oating on ionex'!ange resins )" s&rfa'e for'es
- Remo(ed )" 'oag&lation<=o''&lation< &sing 'oag&lationaids
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S4SPENDED MATTER
- Coarse &ndissol(ed arti'les
- A''&m&lates on ion ex'!angeresins
- Leads to !ig! ress&re loss<
red&'ed t!ro&g!&t me'!ani'aldamage to resin
- C!emi'al erforman'e of t!eresin is also a9e'ted
- Ma7ing )a'7 6as! more di>'<
- Remo(ed )" sedimentation<*ltration
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NON REACTI1E SILICA
- Also 'alled as 'olloidal sili'a- C!emi'all" inert< not remo(ed )"
ion ex'!ange
-
Di>'< to ded&'t )" anal"sis- In !ig! ress&re )oilers t!is
)rea7s do6n to li)erate normalsili'a
- So&r'e is from dead mi'ro.organisms< a'ti(ated sili'atreatment
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COM0INED IRON
- Aears as ordinar" s&sendedoxide
- Some times it 'an )e asso'iated
6it! organi' matter- Passes t!ro&g! 'ation ex'!anger
)&t ta7en & on anion resin
- Ca&sti' regenerant )rea7s t!e iron'omlex and lea(es a ferri'!"droxide sl&dge fo&ling t!e resin,
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C#LORINATION
- %or t!e remo(al of li(ing mi'roorganisms to sto t!em)reeding in t!e treatment lant
Cl+ ? #+ O #Cl ? #OCl
#OCL # ? ? OCL
@#"o'!lorite
Ion
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SEDIMENTATION
- Remo(al of =o'7 )"gra(itational for'es
TERMINAL 1ELOCIT5 B gd+@s.8
8&
g .$ra(itational 'onstant
d Parti'le diameter
@s.8. Parti'le Densit" Densit" of6ater
4 .inemati' 1is'osit"
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COA$4LATION
•A ro'ess in 6!i'! smallarti'les in s&sension Fointoget!er to form largeragglomerates
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WA5S TO PROMOTE
COA$4LATION• To ne&tralise or re(erse t!e
ele'tri'al re&lsion e9e't )"
8, Introd&'ing fres! arti'les 6it!a ositi(e '!arge
+, Adding tra'es of s&rfa'e a'ti(ematerials 'alled 'oag&lation
aids,
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COA$LATION AIDS
. Long '!ain mole'&les<'arr"ing ele'tri'all" a'ti(egro&s all along t!e lengt!of t!e '!ain
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POL5ACR5LAMIDE
- Carr" ositi(e '!arges setreg&larl" along a long t!read
li7e mole'&le- P&rose made to !a(e long
'!ains and are e9e'ti(e at
dozes )elo6 8 m- Toxi'< exensi(e
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SA%E NAT4RAL MATERIALS
- Potato star'!
- A'ti(ated sili'a @ol"sili'i'
a'id- Dozed 8; times more t!an
ol"a'r"lamide
-Possi)ilit" of lea(ing !ig!ol"mers of sili'a 6!i'! a't asnon rea'ti(e sili'a
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AD1ANTA$ES O% 4SIN$COA$4LATIN$ AIDS/
POL5ELECTROL5TES8, Red&'e (ol&me of sl&dges@2; to
G;H
+, Sl&dge 'ontain less 6ater and 'an)e easil" de6atered
-, # of t!e sol&tion is not a9e'ted
, Do not add to TDS2, Carr"o(er of sol&)le Iron
Al&mina are eliminated
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DISAD1ANTA$ES
8, Exensi(e
+, Resid&als 6ill fo&l t!e resinli7e !&mi' a'ids
-, Toxi'
, %ormation of non rea'ti(esili'a @ossi)ilit"
2, Side e9e'ts of resid&als ormore di>'< to redi't
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%LOCC4LATION
Al@SO- ? 3 #+ O +Al@O#- ? -#+ SO
%L4%%5 %LOC
WIT# LAR$ES4R% ACE AREA
CARR5IN$POSITI1E
C#AR$E
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D4AL P4RPOSE SER1ED 05
%LOCC4LATION- More e9e'ti(e t!an 'oag&lation
aids as it 'reates (er" large
Ele'tro ositi(e area in 6ater- $reatl" in'reases t!e
'on'entration of arti'les in
6ater and t!erefore in'reasest!e n&m)er of 'ollisions ta7ingla'e
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REJ4IREMENTS
- Pre'iitation 6ill ta7e la'e onl"6it!in 'ertain range of # (al&es
- $ood mixing and time at lo6'on'entrations
- %a(o&red )" n&'lei on 6!i'! t!ere'iitate 'an form
- Iron re'iitate at # 2.3
-
Al&mini&m re'iitate at # 3.K- Sodi&m al&minate re'iitate at #
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SAND %ILTERS
•$ra(it" %ilters–#ig! Initial Cost
–Lo6 Oerating Cost
–Lo6 %lo6 Rate
–Lo6 #ead Loss
–Con'rete Str&'t&re
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SAND %ILTERS
•Press&re %ilters–Lo6 Initial Cost
–#ig! Oerating Cost
–#ig! %lo6 Rate
–Steel Tan7
PRESS4RE SAND
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PRESS4RE SAND%ILTER
• 1essel !olding a )ed
of *ne gran&larmedi&m s&'! assand
• %orming man"'!annels )et6eengran&les
• Contains
–$raded $ra(el 8,;mmto+2mm
– $raded sand ;,2mmto 8,;mm
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