Post on 27-Dec-2015
11.24.2010~WARM-UP
• PICK TWO WORDS OFF THE WORD WALL THAT YOU DO NOT KNOW:
1. ENTER THEM INTO YOUR VOCAB BOOKS
2.FIND THE DEFINITION
3. CREATE A PICTURE OR SYMBOL FOR EACH WORD
4. WRITE THE DATE ON EACH ONE
*WHEN FINISHED STUDY WORDS!!Reminder: Color in Notebook= Extra Credit
Objectives and Essential Question
• Essential Question:
Why is it essential for all organelles in a cell to perform a specific function?
• I can:• Describe the function
of the major organelles
• Identify the parts of the cell
• Compare and contrast animal and plant cells
What are two types of cells?
o Eukaryoticφ Contains a nucleusφ Found in protists,
fungi, plants, and animals
o Prokaryoticφ Contains no nucleusφ Found in bacteria
Eukaryote
Prokaryote
What is an organelle?
o Tiny structures that carry out specific functions within a cell
That’s a lot of stuff in something so small!
Key:
P= Plant
A= Animal
B=Both
What is a cell membrane?o Performs a number of critical functions for
the cell.o The outside boundary of a cello Regulates which substance can enter or
leave the cello Both-B
The cell membrane acts like a suit of
armor
What is a cell wall? (plant only)
o A rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants
o Helps support and protect the cells and give the cell structure
o Made of cellulose
What is the cytoplasm?o The clear, jelly-like fluid
(mostly water) inside a cell. Supports organelles.
o Both-B
That orange thing is the
nucleus!
What is the nucleus?
o Cell’s control centero Directs all the cell’s
activitieso Both-B
Within the nucleus -
o Contains CHROMATIN (genetic material), tiny strands
o Contains the NUCLEOLUS (Dark spot) where ribosomes are made. Holds DNA,RNA and proteins. Place where protein synthesis begins
Outside the nucleus-
o The NUCLEAR MEMBRANE/ENVELOPE surrounds the nucleus and protects the nucleus. Allows materials in and out of the nucleus.
SOL PRACTICE #3
• Which of these functions most like the “brain” of a cell?
A. The nucleus
B. The Golgi apparatus
C. The mitochondrion
D. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum
What are ribosomes?
o Function as factories to produce proteins
o Can float free or be attached to the outer surface of endoplasmic reticulum
o Both-B
SOL PRACTICE #4
• Which of these is responsible for the “rough” appearance of endoplasmic reticulum?
A. DNA
B. Enzymes
C. Lysosomes
D. Ribosomes
SOL PRACTICE #5
• A cell with numerous ribosomes is probably specialized for —
A. enzyme storage
B. energy production
C. cell division
D. protein synthesis
What is the endoplasmic reticulum?o Rough ER
*Has ribosomes*Manufactured proteins*Transports and delivers
proteins*Both-B
o Smooth ER*No ribosomes*Detoxify drugs from cell• Makes lipids for cell
memembrane• Both-B
o Basic function: Carries proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another
What are golgi bodies?
o Cell’s mailroomo Receives proteins
and other newly formed materials from the ER, sorts, packages them and delivers them from the Rough ER to other parts of the cell
o Both-B
SOL PRACTICE #7
• What repackages proteins into forms the cell can use, expel, or keep stored?
A. Lysosomes
B. Mitochondria
C. Golgi bodies
D. Centrioles
What are lysosomes?
o Cell’s clean up crewo Digestive sacks (enzymes)o Contains chemicals that
break down large food particles to smaller ones
o Destroys bacteria o Both-B
What are vacuoles?
o Cell’s storage area/ Storage sacs
o Stores food and other materials
o Animal cells have many small vacuoles
o Plant cells have only a few large vacuoles
What are mitochondria?
o Powerhouse of the cell
o Produces most of the energy the cell needs to carry out its functions.
o Energy- CELLULAR RESPIRATION
o Both-B
What are chloroplasts? (plant only)
o Site of Photosynthesiso Captures energy from
sunlight and uses it to produce food (sugar) for the cell
o Main source of energy in plants
o Reason why plants are green
o Plant--P
SOL PRACTICE #8
• The eukaryotic organism described above should be classified as —
A. an animal
B. a bacterium
C. a fungus
D. a plant
What are bacterial cells?o No nucleus
Chromatin (a single ring of genetic material) and nucleolus are found in the cytoplasm
Smaller than eukaryotic cellso Bacterial cells have a cell wall (different than
a plant’s cell wall) and a cell membrane