11.24.2010~WARM-UP

• PICK TWO WORDS OFF THE WORD WALL THAT YOU DO NOT KNOW:

1. ENTER THEM INTO YOUR VOCAB BOOKS

2.FIND THE DEFINITION

3. CREATE A PICTURE OR SYMBOL FOR EACH WORD

4. WRITE THE DATE ON EACH ONE

*WHEN FINISHED STUDY WORDS!!Reminder: Color in Notebook= Extra Credit

Objectives and Essential Question

• Essential Question:

Why is it essential for all organelles in a cell to perform a specific function?

• I can:• Describe the function

of the major organelles

• Identify the parts of the cell

• Compare and contrast animal and plant cells

PARTS OF THE CELL

What are two types of cells?

o Eukaryoticφ Contains a nucleusφ Found in protists,

fungi, plants, and animals

o Prokaryoticφ Contains no nucleusφ Found in bacteria

Eukaryote

Prokaryote

SOL PRACTICE #1

•

What is an organelle?

o Tiny structures that carry out specific functions within a cell

That’s a lot of stuff in something so small!

Key:

P= Plant

A= Animal

B=Both

What is a cell membrane?o Performs a number of critical functions for

the cell.o The outside boundary of a cello Regulates which substance can enter or

leave the cello Both-B

The cell membrane acts like a suit of

armor

What is a cell wall? (plant only)

o A rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants

o Helps support and protect the cells and give the cell structure

o Made of cellulose

SOL PRACTICE #2

•

What is the cytoplasm?o The clear, jelly-like fluid

(mostly water) inside a cell. Supports organelles.

o Both-B

That orange thing is the

nucleus!

What is the nucleus?

o Cell’s control centero Directs all the cell’s

activitieso Both-B

Within the nucleus -

o Contains CHROMATIN (genetic material), tiny strands

o Contains the NUCLEOLUS (Dark spot) where ribosomes are made. Holds DNA,RNA and proteins. Place where protein synthesis begins

Outside the nucleus-

o The NUCLEAR MEMBRANE/ENVELOPE surrounds the nucleus and protects the nucleus. Allows materials in and out of the nucleus.

SOL PRACTICE #3

• Which of these functions most like the “brain” of a cell?

A. The nucleus

B. The Golgi apparatus

C. The mitochondrion

D. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum

What are ribosomes?

o Function as factories to produce proteins

o Can float free or be attached to the outer surface of endoplasmic reticulum

o Both-B

SOL PRACTICE #4

• Which of these is responsible for the “rough” appearance of endoplasmic reticulum?

A. DNA

B. Enzymes

C. Lysosomes

D. Ribosomes

SOL PRACTICE #5

• A cell with numerous ribosomes is probably specialized for —

A. enzyme storage

B. energy production

C. cell division

D. protein synthesis

What is the endoplasmic reticulum?o Rough ER

*Has ribosomes*Manufactured proteins*Transports and delivers

proteins*Both-B

o Smooth ER*No ribosomes*Detoxify drugs from cell• Makes lipids for cell

memembrane• Both-B

o Basic function: Carries proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another

SOL PRACTICE # 6

•

What are golgi bodies?

o Cell’s mailroomo Receives proteins

and other newly formed materials from the ER, sorts, packages them and delivers them from the Rough ER to other parts of the cell

o Both-B

SOL PRACTICE #7

• What repackages proteins into forms the cell can use, expel, or keep stored?

A. Lysosomes

B. Mitochondria

C. Golgi bodies

D. Centrioles

What are lysosomes?

o Cell’s clean up crewo Digestive sacks (enzymes)o Contains chemicals that

break down large food particles to smaller ones

o Destroys bacteria o Both-B

What are vacuoles?

o Cell’s storage area/ Storage sacs

o Stores food and other materials

o Animal cells have many small vacuoles

o Plant cells have only a few large vacuoles

What are mitochondria?

o Powerhouse of the cell

o Produces most of the energy the cell needs to carry out its functions.

o Energy- CELLULAR RESPIRATION

o Both-B

What are chloroplasts? (plant only)

o Site of Photosynthesiso Captures energy from

sunlight and uses it to produce food (sugar) for the cell

o Main source of energy in plants

o Reason why plants are green

o Plant--P

SOL PRACTICE #8

• The eukaryotic organism described above should be classified as —

A. an animal

B. a bacterium

C. a fungus

D. a plant

SOL PRACTICE #9

•

What are bacterial cells?o No nucleus

Chromatin (a single ring of genetic material) and nucleolus are found in the cytoplasm

Smaller than eukaryotic cellso Bacterial cells have a cell wall (different than

a plant’s cell wall) and a cell membrane

SOL PRACTICE #10

• The hypothesis best supported by this graph is that these beetles are most active when the area is —

A. free from predators

B. coolest with some sunlight

C. wettest from dew

D. richest in oxygen supplies