Breakdown of LTE Sometimes the LTE approximation can be rather good, sometimes really poor. The only way to tell is to compute the problem in both, LTE.
Light element opacities of astrophysical interest from ATOMIC
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Utilization of XFELs and Petawatt laser to study HED matter-ideas A lot of people from LLNL, LULI, AWE, Universite.