Modern Art 109 From mid-19 th century to mid-20 th century (left) Édouard Manet (French Realist painter, ‘father’ of the avant-garde), photograph by Nadar,
The Rhetoric of Realism Courbet and the Origins of the Avant-Garde “When I am dead let this be said of me: 'He belonged to no school, to no church, to.
Realism and the Origin of the Avant-Garde in Paris Gustave Courbet and Edouard Manet.
Chapter 21 The Rise of Modernism : Art of the Later 19 th Century.
"Art needs an operation." - Tristan Tzara , 1919 "Before Dada was there, there was Dada."
