The equations of motion and their numerical solutions I by Nils Wedi (2006) contributions by Mike Cullen and Piotr Smolarkiewicz.
Cumulus Forced; pushed upward by external forces, i.e. lifting by surface convergence, topography etc. Active; growing upward from self-forcing, i.e. buoyancy,
Cumulus Dynamics. Stull’s cu classification “Passive” important To radiation via cld cover “Active” transport heat And moisture “Forced” great Thermal.
