- 1. Expediting Brownfields Redevelopment by Applying TRIAD for
Source Area Delineation utilizing the Membrane Interface Probe Brad
Carlson ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL Maria Watt, Melissa Koberle and Jessica
Beattie Camp Dresser & McKee, Inc. Edison NJ More
2. Overview
- Sustainable Attributes (Green Project)
3. Brownfields
- Brownfields have been defined as underused or abandoned
properties often located in urban and economically distressed areas
that may contain environmental contamination.
- 425,000 brownfield sites in the United States
- Remediation, redevelopment, and reuse of these properties have
been discouraged by real or perceived environmental
contamination
- State and federal Brownfields funding as well as liability
limitation has spurred the redevelopment of these impaired sites
nationwide.
4. Triad Approach
- Objective--Management of Decision Uncertainty
5. Benefits of TRIAD
- Expedites complete delineation
- Avoids late discovery of unknown sources
- Accurate evaluation of risks, remedial alternatives and remedy
selection
- Optimize design for increased efficiency
- Increased probability of remedial success
6. Critical Components of Successful Implementation of TRIAD
- Accurate daily Interpretation of real-time data
- Use of lines of evidence in evaluation
- Properly place confirmatory samples (not just random percentage
of samples)
- Accurately select location of confirmatory samples to confirm
plume geometry (high, mid, low range)
7. Confirmatory Sampling to Confirm Plume Geometry
- Properly place confirmatory samples (not just random percentage
of samples)
- Confirmatory Sampling Collected at
-
- Source Zone (high levels)
-
- Core Zone (medium levels)
-
- Distal Zone (low levels-fringe of plume-defines complete
delineation)
- Well Distributed Database Yields Accurate Assessment of Risk
and Contaminant Mass Removal Requirements
8. MIP Setup 9. Membrane Interface Probe (MIP) How It Works
- Measures volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
- Semi-permeable membrane attached to direct push probe.
- Carrier gas is sent down tubing through the probe rods.
- Membrane heated to 250 o F
- Contamination (soil, vapor or ground water) diffuses through
polymer membrane on the probe
- Transported to surface via inert carrier gas.
10. MIP SYSTEM 11. MIP Detection Limits MIP DETECTORS
ContaminatesDetection Limit Carrier Gas PID BTEX 1 PPM Nitrogen,
Helium FID Methane, Butane NA Nitrogen, Helium ECD Chlorinated
Substances 250PPB Nitrogen 12. Site Background
- An 85-acre municipal landfill is located within a 200- acre
brownfield development area (BDA).
- The BDA consists of eight abandoned brownfield sites along 2
miles of the New Jersey shoreline along the Delaware River,
overlooking the Philadelphia skyline and within a highly urbanized
area of New Jersey.
- The unlined landfill operated from 1952 until
- An area of industrial chemical waste material saturated with
chlorobenzene (CB) and dichlorobenzenes (DCB) was identified in the
southeast portion of the landfill.
- This material is approximately 20 to 30 feet below ground
surface (bgs) and acts as a continuing source of groundwater
contamination and localized soil vapor contamination.
13. Brownfield Site Map 14. Systematic Planning - Transects 15.
MIP Locations
16. Sampling Locations
17. FID ECD PID Conductivity MIP Log
Pre logResponse Post logResponse 18. Lithology Cross-Section 19.
Solid Lithology Model 20. ECD Plan View Animation 21. 22. 3 23. 3
24. Clay 1X Clean up Standard 25. Solid and Fence Model 1X 26. 27.
Sustainable Attributes
- MIP fuel was switched from diesel to biodiesel, which is a
clean burning alternative fuel, produced from domestic, renewable
resources. Biodiesel is biodegradable, nontoxic, and essentially
free of sulfur and aromatics (NBB, 2009).
- The MIP, Geoprobe track unit, and support vehicles used
5-percent biodiesel as their main fuel. The project also involved
the replacement of all petroleum-based hydraulic fluids with
bio-hydraulic fluids. These are non-hazardous, high-performance,
hydraulic fluids engineered as drop-in replacements for
petroleum-based hydraulic fluid formulas.
- Using the TRIAD approach, we were able to expedite
characterization with fewer borings.Instead of having to grid the
site with borings, we were able to target specific sampling
locations and depths using real-time data.We completed full
delineation of the source area within a 6-week field program as
opposed to several phased investigations extending over several
months to years.
28. CONCLUSIONS
- The use of the MIP as part of a TRIAD approach was proven an
effective tool for horizontal and vertical delineation of hot spots
and source areas at the landfill.The real-time data allowed
placement of screening and sampling points more effectively, and
resulted in a well-defined source areas to be further analyzed for
remedial feasibility
- Because of detector sensitivity limitations, the MIP may not be
appropriate at all sites.The tool is geared toward sites with known
contamination at concentrations above detection limits. In this
investigation, it was critical that the temperature be maintained
above 132C (boiling point of CB) in order that it would volatilize
and be detected by the ECD. The MIP contributed to meeting
sustainability objectives for the project, and overall project
objectives were met on an expedited basis due to real-time field
measurements and dynamic work strategies.
- Reduction of the investigations carbon footprint included using
biodiesel, decreasing the amount of IDW produced from soil and
groundwater sampling (e.g., bottleware, shipping materials, and
decontamination fluids), by only collecting confirmatory samples,
and requiring one mobilization and demobilization.This was aided by
streamlining the investigation using real-time screening data
during the TRIAD approach.
29. Site Photos 30. Site Photos 31. Site Photos 32. Questions
and Answers
-
- Brad Carlson,[email_address](813) 731-5916
-
- Jessica Beattie,[email_address](732) 590-4609
THANK YOU! 33. Groundwater Concentrations