Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
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Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
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Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
1. Introduction to CRN1. Introduction to CRN
Cognitive Radio NetworkDynamic spectrum accessOpportunistically utilize spectrum resourcesActive monitoring, tuning, working
Cognitive Radio NetworkDynamic spectrum accessOpportunistically utilize spectrum resourcesActive monitoring, tuning, working
Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
Primary Users (PU), Secondary Users (SU)○ PU can start transmission anytime○ SU has to use bands occupied by no PU
Primary Users (PU), Secondary Users (SU)○ PU can start transmission anytime○ SU has to use bands occupied by no PU
Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
Art of SU’s life in CRN : Jump and fill in the blanks! Art of SU’s life in CRN : Jump and fill in the blanks!
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Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
2. Multi-radio Multi-path2. Multi-radio Multi-path
Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
A
B CD E
Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
Multiple Cognitive Radios1 for control signaling, M for data traffic
○ “Share” mode○ “Switch” mode
1 + N bands, N ≥ M
Multiple PathsSplit transmission mannerDuplicated transmission manner
Multiple Cognitive Radios1 for control signaling, M for data traffic
○ “Share” mode○ “Switch” mode
1 + N bands, N ≥ M
Multiple PathsSplit transmission mannerDuplicated transmission manner
Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
Multi-path in Multi-radio Multi-hop CRN Multi-path in Multi-radio Multi-hop CRN
Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
Spectrum PoolAll parameters of licensed/unlicensed bandsRadio and Band Usage Table (RBT)
B: Several available bands I: Number of flows that are using this band in this SUN: Number of flows that are using this band within 1- hop
neighborsR: Which radio is using this band in this SU“X” will be used to indicate PU occupation
Periodical exchange of hello message
Spectrum PoolAll parameters of licensed/unlicensed bandsRadio and Band Usage Table (RBT)
B: Several available bands I: Number of flows that are using this band in this SUN: Number of flows that are using this band within 1- hop
neighborsR: Which radio is using this band in this SU“X” will be used to indicate PU occupation
Periodical exchange of hello message
Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
A Multi-radio Multi-hop CRN ExampleExisting SU flows:
Current PU traffics:○ P1 : b1○ P2 : b4○ P3 : b5
A Multi-radio Multi-hop CRN ExampleExisting SU flows:
Current PU traffics:○ P1 : b1○ P2 : b4○ P3 : b5
Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
Route Discovery (DSR-like)Attach its own RBT into the RREQ
○ New RREQ_ID or old RREQ_ID but with hop count ≤ previous one rebroadcast (multipath)
Route Discovery (DSR-like)Attach its own RBT into the RREQ
○ New RREQ_ID or old RREQ_ID but with hop count ≤ previous one rebroadcast (multipath)
RREQ with RBTS
S
A B
D
FE
RREQ with RBTS RREQ with RBTS, E
RREQ with RBTS, A
RREQ with RBTS, E, F
RREQ with RBTS, A, B
Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
RREQs arrives at DFirst RREQ
○ Primary Path (PP)Later RREQs
○ Candidate Path (CP) Radio & band selection
Preference: ○ Idle radio > “Share” > “Switch”
RBTs should be updated afterevery comparison!
RREQs arrives at DFirst RREQ
○ Primary Path (PP)Later RREQs
○ Candidate Path (CP) Radio & band selection
Preference: ○ Idle radio > “Share” > “Switch”
RBTs should be updated afterevery comparison!
Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
○ RBTS & RBTA RBTS’ & RBTA’
○ RBTA’ & RBTB RBTA’’ & RBTB’
○ RBTB’ & RBTD RBTB’’ & RBTD’ …
○ …
○ RBTS & RBTA RBTS’ & RBTA’
○ RBTA’ & RBTB RBTA’’ & RBTB’
○ RBTB’ & RBTD RBTB’’ & RBTD’ …
○ …
Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
Path Evaluation Metrics:Hop Count:
○ NPP: Hop count of PP
○ NCP: Hop count of CP
Band Overlapping Factor: FCP
α: weight factor○ balancing how we emphasize the jointness of
paths
Path Evaluation Metrics:Hop Count:
○ NPP: Hop count of PP
○ NCP: Hop count of CP
Band Overlapping Factor: FCP
α: weight factor○ balancing how we emphasize the jointness of
paths
Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
Finally, two paths are established:○ Primary Path:
○ Secondary Path: ( selected from CPs)
Data Striping:○ Packets will be splitted and transmitted
throughput different paths simultaneously
Dual path: odd / even
Finally, two paths are established:○ Primary Path:
○ Secondary Path: ( selected from CPs)
Data Striping:○ Packets will be splitted and transmitted
throughput different paths simultaneously
Dual path: odd / even
Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
Recovery: Recovery:
Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
b1
S
F
P4
E
b4
Db3
b1
1
2 1 31
2
XStop transmitting to me, go other path!
Who is involved in this PU insertion?
New radio&band is assigned, let’s keep going
E3 ---- 3F2
b23
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Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
3. Evaluation3. Evaluation
MPMR vs. MPSR(SMR) vs. SPMRNS2802.11a, 6Mbps, UDP7 orthogonal channels from 11a:
○ 36, 44, 52, 60, 149, 157, 1653 radios2 paths
MPMR vs. MPSR(SMR) vs. SPMRNS2802.11a, 6Mbps, UDP7 orthogonal channels from 11a:
○ 36, 44, 52, 60, 149, 157, 1653 radios2 paths
Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
Maximum End-to-end Throughput:○ MPMR achieves much high end-to-end throughput○ MPSR uses single radio, low throughput○ SPMR uses one path, limited high throughput
Maximum End-to-end Throughput:○ MPMR achieves much high end-to-end throughput○ MPSR uses single radio, low throughput○ SPMR uses one path, limited high throughput
MPSR( )
Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
Recovery Evaluation○ P4 begins at 3 sec.○ E detects the insertion○ is interrupted○ E and F re-select b2
○ ~120 ms
Recovery Evaluation○ P4 begins at 3 sec.○ E detects the insertion○ is interrupted○ E and F re-select b2
○ ~120 ms
Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
E3 ---- 3F2
There is a degradation of throughput, for allMPSR achieves low throughput ( let’s ignore it…)SPMR transmission is terminatedMPMR keeps high speed transmission
There is a degradation of throughput, for allMPSR achieves low throughput ( let’s ignore it…)SPMR transmission is terminatedMPMR keeps high speed transmission
MPMR SPMR MPSR(SMR)
Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
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Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
4. Conclusion4. Conclusion
Multi-path Routing in Multi-radio Multi-hop Cognitive Radio NetworksRoute DiscoveryRadio/Band SelectionRoute Recovery
FinallyHigher route connectivityHigher end-to-end throughput
Multi-path Routing in Multi-radio Multi-hop Cognitive Radio NetworksRoute DiscoveryRadio/Band SelectionRoute Recovery
FinallyHigher route connectivityHigher end-to-end throughput
Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
CurrentlyMassive simulationsDetailed evaluation
Future WorkMore efficient radio & band selection algorithmMore evaluation metrics of pathsFaster route recovery of SS’s trafficTry to cancel the extra radio for control signal
○ This is the most practical problem!
CurrentlyMassive simulationsDetailed evaluation
Future WorkMore efficient radio & band selection algorithmMore evaluation metrics of pathsFaster route recovery of SS’s trafficTry to cancel the extra radio for control signal
○ This is the most practical problem!
Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
Multimedia and Mobile Communication Laboratory
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