Manometer
Test Section Size : c/s = 600mm x 600 mm length = 200
mm
Maximum speed : 45m/s (ut re!uired on "5m/s # "$m/s %or test
pro&ect'
one) com* size : 50mm x 50mm x 450mm +o,er : 22-./0+ 1 motor
Procedure
" 3ote initial manometer reading 2 Start ,ind tunnel and run it at
approx "00rpm 3ote do,n manometere reading 2 4 ncrease rpm in steps
o% "00 till it reaches "00rpm and note
do,n manometer reading during each step
Motor Tunnel (nterior'
Wind Load On Irregular Plan Shaped Tall Building : A Case
Study
• 1. Introduction
• The uncertaint) regarding calculation o% ,ind load is !uite
high due to the ast ranges o% possi*le interactions *et,een
structure and ,ind
• Thedeelopments o% ne, *uilding materials and construction
techni!ues hae ena*led us to *uild ne, *uildings ,hich are tall and
uns)mmetrical 3aturall) such structures are more suscepti*le to
,indloads
• structure7 under the action o% ,ind7 experiences t,o t)pes o%
%orces iz drag and li%t .hile drag %orce is experienced along the
direction o% 8o,7 later occurs perpendicular to it
• !peri"ental progra"
• The experiment ,as conducted in the oundar) la)er ,ind
tunnel haing dimension 20 m 920m9 0 m at .ind ;ngineering 1entre7
<epartment o% 1iil ;ngineering (T oor>ee'7 s per ndian
standard %or ,ind load S: $5 (part ' ? "@$ at a geometric scale o%
" :00 The upstream elocit) o%
• Mass and stiBness are the t,o properties that in8uence the
%re!uenc) o% i*ration o% the *uilding7 and so directl) relate to
ho, much it s,a)s n order to mitigate this motion7 increasing
the mass is un%easi*le and impractical *ecause o% its negatie
results
• Cn the other hand7 increasing the stiBness o% the *uilding7
namel) the proper selection o% the structural s)stem is one
o%
the most eDcient design approaches
• The resistance o% tall *uildings to ,ind as ,ell as
to
earth!ua>es is the main determinant in the %ormulation o%
ne,
structural s)stems that eole *) the continuous eBorts o%
structural engineers to increase *uilding height ,hile
>eeping
the de8ection ,ithin accepta*le limits and minimizing the amount o%
materials
• n eDcient structural s)stem can proide an eBectie
means
o% controlling structural response to ,ind in lateral and torsional
directions
• Cutrigger?*elt7 %ramed tu*e7 exterior *raced and *undled tu*e
s)stems are the most eDcient structural s)stems against ,ind
loading asicall) there are three t)pes o% *uildings
Steel Buildings
Most o% the tall *uildings hae steel structural s)stem due
to
high strength to ,eight ratio ease o% assem*l) and Eeld
installation econom) in transport to the site7 aaila*ilit) o%
arious strength leels and ,ider selection o% sections
#ein$orced concrete %uilding
The inention o% rein%orced concrete increased the
signiEcance in use o% concrete in the construction industr) to a
great extend
mo*ilit) characteristics and its structural Ereproo%
properties
Co"posite %uildings
sta*ilized *) rein%orced concrete
These are utilized in *oth steel and rein%orced
concrete
construction igid %rame s)stem %or resisting lateral and
ertical
loads hae long *een accepted %or the designing o% *uildings
Braced $ra"e syste"s
These are utilized in steel construction7 it resists
horizontal loading and preents *ending o% columns and girders
Shear &alled $ra"e syste"s
These are utilized in *oth rein%orced concrete and
composite
construction Shear ,alls ma) *e descri*ed as a ertical cantileered
*eam ,hich resists lateral ,ind and seismic loads
Outrigger syste"s
These are modiEed %orm o% *raced %rame and shear ,all s)stems
in comprises o% a central core including either shear ,all or
*raced
s)stem7 ,ith horizontal outrigger trusses girders connecting the
core to the external columns
The $ra"e tu%e syste"s
t is the emplo)ment o% closel) spaced perimeter columns
interconnected *) deep spandrels t is an eDcient s)stem to
proide lateral resistance ,ith or ,ithout columns rectangular and
s!uare *uildings and pro*a*l) its most eDcient use in these
shapes 1ircular7 triangular7 trapezoidal %orms could *e
emplo)ed
as ,ell