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Why you Why you ““shouldshould””consider using consider using
turbine flowmeters!turbine flowmeters!
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Hoffer Hoffer FlowmetersFlowmetersOverview 101 Overview 101 –– The BasicsThe Basics
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Section 1 Section 1 --
History of turbine History of turbine flowmetersflowmeters & & overview of overview of capabilitiescapabilities
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Initial development of turbine flowmeters was for Initial development of turbine flowmeters was for fuel measurement on aircraft.fuel measurement on aircraft.
1940’s
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COX Instruments
Developed turbine flowmeters in 1940'sPOTTER AERONAUTICAL
Flow Technology, Inc. (Owned by Roper)
Kent Meter (UK)
Brooks Instruments
Smith Meter
DANIEL
(Owned by American Industrial PartnersCapital Fund)
(FMC Smith)
(Out of Business)
SPONSLER
Flow MeasurementSystems Inc.
(Kent / AMCO)
Barton(Part of Cameron)
(Part of Emerson Process Management)
(Part of Liquid Control Group)
(Part of ABB ProcessAutomation Systems)
(Part of Badger Meter)COX Instruments
EMCO(Part of Spirax Sarco)
Invalco(Part of FMC Technologies)
(Part of Badger Meter)
(Part of TASI Group)
(Part of Cameron)
Licensed byPotter:
Others:Spin OffCompanies:
Founded by formerPotter employees:
Circa 1980’s thru 2015
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Industrial Turbine Flow Meter Companies –
Circa 2020
Industrial, Oil & Gas, Automotive, Aerospace, Military and Steel
Blancett - Industrial, Oil & Gas, Sanitary (food, beverage, and pharmaceutical).
Cox - Automotive
Industrial, Oil & Gas, and Cryogenic
KEM - Oil & Gas, Automotive, ChemicalLitremeter - Oil & Gas, Automotive, and
Mining
Industrial, Oil and Gas
Industrial, Oil & Gas, Automotive, Aerospace, Steel and Sanitary
(food, beverage, & pharmaceutical), Power Gen, Military and Cryogenic
FTI Flow Technology, Inc.
Flow Technology
Turbines, Inc.
Blancette & Cox
KEM & Litremeter
Cameron - Nuflow
Markets company is active in:
Markets company is active in:
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Fast forward 7 decades and turbine flowmeters Fast forward 7 decades and turbine flowmeters remain a viable flow solution!remain a viable flow solution!
Today
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Hoffer Flow Controls Privately-held corporation located in
Elizabeth City, NC. Noted manufacturer of turbine flowmeters
for liquid, gas and cryogenic flow measurement.
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1010
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Quality SystemsQuality Systems
ASME Certified WeldersASME Certified Welders Full Material TraceabilityFull Material Traceability Full Range of QA Service AvailableFull Range of QA Service Available
Hydrostatic TestingHydrostatic Testing Dye Penetrant TestingDye Penetrant Testing XX--RaysRays NACE ComplianceNACE Compliance UltrasoundUltrasound
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Regulatory StandardsRegulatory Standards
Our systems meet or exceed the following Our systems meet or exceed the following standards:standards:
—— ISO 9001ISO 9001—— ISO 17025ISO 17025—— PED 97/23/ECPED 97/23/EC—— Hand Book 44 USAHand Book 44 USA—— OIML, ROIML, R--8181--WorldWorld—— CSA CSA –– CanadaCanada—— NIST NIST -- USAUSA—— PTB PTB –– GermanyGermany—— CE Standard CE Standard –– EuropeEurope—— Dantest Dantest –– DenmarkDenmark—— ATEX Quality System CertificationATEX Quality System Certification
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Vertically integrated manufacturing facilities Vertically integrated manufacturing facilities includingincluding……
Machine ShopMachine Shop Fabrication ShopFabrication Shop Hydrostatic & Dye Penetrant ShopHydrostatic & Dye Penetrant Shop Electronic Assembly & Test ShopsElectronic Assembly & Test Shops Flow Meter Calibration ShopFlow Meter Calibration Shop
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Today Hoffer is recognized as the Today Hoffer is recognized as the World Leader in World Leader in
Turbine Meter TechnologyTurbine Meter Technology
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Some of the major markets servedSome of the major markets served……..
Oil & Gas Upstream and DownstreamOil & Gas Upstream and Downstream CryogenicsCryogenics Pharmaceuticals & BiotechPharmaceuticals & Biotech MilitaryMilitary AerospaceAerospace Automotive Manufacturing & RacingAutomotive Manufacturing & Racing Power ProductionPower Production
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Turbine Flow Meters
Turbine flow meters measure the velocity of the moving fluid.
They are typically applied in relatively clean, low to mid-viscosity applications.
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Meter Body Pickup Coil
Hangers or Integral Flow Straightener
Thru-Shaft w/Locknuts
Coil Riser
Deflector Cones
Flat-Bladed Turbine Rotor
Basic Principle of Operation Basic Principle of Operation
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Basic Definitions
LINEARITY:
K-FACTOR:
REPEATABILITY:
A measure of the accuracy of the device which is themaximum percentage deviation from the average K-Factor.
The number of output pulses the flowmeter produces per engineering unit of the volume throughput.
A statement of the ability of a measuring device to display the same value of a measured variable under identical conditions.
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Turbine FlowmeterPerformance Characteristics
LIN
EA
RIT
Y
FLOW RANGE ATDESIGNATED LINEARITY
K-FACTOR
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (Mv)
OUTPUT FREQUENCY (Hz)
PRESSURE LOSS (PSID)
PR
ES
SU
RE
LO
SS
(P
SID
)
OU
TP
UT
FR
EQ
UE
NC
Y (
hZ
)
OU
TP
UT
VO
LTA
GE
(M
v)
K-F
AC
TO
R (
CY
C/G
AL
)
FLOW RATE
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Why you Why you ““shouldshould””consider using Hofferconsider using Hofferturbine turbine flowmetersflowmeters!!
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Mini-Flowmeters for low flow
liquid and gas applications.
“Premier Natural Gas Series” for custody transfer of natural gas.
Sanitary Flowmeters for food, beverage, pharmaceutical and
bio-tech.
HO Series with MS Flared
fittings commonly used
in industry.
Providing Providing ““Application SpecificApplication Specific””flow solutions for our customers is the key.flow solutions for our customers is the key.
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Turbine Meter Advantages Turbine Meter Advantages ––PerformancePerformance
High degree of accuracy High degree of accuracy (+/(+/--.25% of reading) and .25% of reading) and great repeatability (+/great repeatability (+/--.1%).1%)
Suitable for Suitable for ““custodycustody”” transfertransfer
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Turbine Meter Advantages Turbine Meter Advantages ––Response TimeResponse Time
Fast, dynamic Fast, dynamic response response timetime
Measured in milliseconds!Measured in milliseconds!
Commonly used for rocket Commonly used for rocket propulsion propulsion
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Turbine Meter Advantages Turbine Meter Advantages ––Shock, vibration & temp extremesShock, vibration & temp extremes
We pWe pioneered the use of turbine ioneered the use of turbine flowmeters on cryogenic delivery flowmeters on cryogenic delivery trucks in the 1970trucks in the 1970’’ss
Suitable for installation on trucks Suitable for installation on trucks subject to shock & vibration subject to shock & vibration
Subject to wide operating Subject to wide operating temperature extremestemperature extremes
Our flow system is the Our flow system is the ““cash cash registerregister”” on many bulk delivery on many bulk delivery cryogenic trucks domestically and cryogenic trucks domestically and internationallyinternationally
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Turbine Meter Advantages Turbine Meter Advantages ––ReliabilityReliability
Metering control fluid on a BOPMetering control fluid on a BOP
Hoffer replaced Hoffer replaced ““leakingleaking”” mag mag metersmeters
High High ““internalinternal”” & & ““external external pressurespressures””
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Turbine Meter Advantages Turbine Meter Advantages ––Robust DesignRobust Design
Flowmeter Flowmeter ““internalsinternals””redesigned redesigned to meet to meet ““high high shockshock”” and and ““vibrationvibration”” MIL MIL standards for US standards for US Navy.Navy.
Hoffer has supplied multiple Hoffer has supplied multiple size turbine flowmeters built to size turbine flowmeters built to meet meet MILMIL--STDSTD--901D (shock901D (shock--high impact) and MILhigh impact) and MIL--STDSTD--167167--1 1 (vibration) for the US Navy. (vibration) for the US Navy.
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Turbine Meter Advantages Turbine Meter Advantages Robust DesignRobust Design
Three Piece Construction
Threaded insert secures flowmeter internals inside
meter housing
Flowmeter Housing
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Turbine Meter Advantages Turbine Meter Advantages ––Wide RangeabilityWide Rangeability
Flowmeters can be configured Flowmeters can be configured to provide repeatable flow ranges to provide repeatable flow ranges with up to 100:1 with up to 100:1 turndown ratios. turndown ratios.
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Liquid Size SelectorFor
Standard HO Series Turbine FLowmeters
Liquid Size SelectorFor Standard HO Series Turbine Flowmeters
NOTE: NOTE: Performance enhancement techniques are routinely applied to prodPerformance enhancement techniques are routinely applied to produce larger linear and usable flow ranges. uce larger linear and usable flow ranges. Consult with the applications group at Hoffer with your requiremConsult with the applications group at Hoffer with your requirements.ents.
30283028--5677556775800800--150001500052995299--454204542014001400--12000120001212
20442044--3709337093540540--9800980024602460--3028030280650650--800080001010
10221022--2422424224270270--6400640012491249--1968219682330330--5200520088
473473--1362613626125125--36003600757757--1097710977200200--2900290066
379379--94639463100100--25002500530530--75707570140140--2000200055
MCP not recommended in 4MCP not recommended in 4”” and larger sizesand larger sizes
189189--567856785050--15001500284284--473147317575--1250125044
30.330.3--3028302888--800800151151--246024604040--6506507676--302830282020--800800151151--246024604040--65065033
1919--1893189355--5005009595--151415142525--40040056.856.8--189318931515--5005009595--151415142525--40040022--1/21/2
10.410.4--104110412.752.75--27527556.856.8--8528521515--2252254242--104110411111--27527556.856.8--8528521515--22522522
6.66.6--6626621.751.75--17517530.330.3--49249288--1301301919--66266255--17517530.330.3--49249288--13013011--1/21/2
4.354.35--4354351.151.15--1151152323--35235266--939311.411.4--43543533--1151152323--35235266--939311--1/41/4
2.8-284.75-7515-2274-607.6-2842-7515-2274-601
1.31.3--132.5132.5.35.35--35359.59.5--1101102.52.5--29295.75.7--132.5132.51.51.5--35359.59.5--1101102.52.5--29293/43/4
.75.75--75.775.7.2.2--20206.66.6--60.660.61.751.75--16163.43.4--75.775.7.9.9--20206.66.6--60.660.61.751.75--16165/85/8
.45.45--4545.12.12--12124.74.7--36361.251.25--9.59.52.32.3--4545.6.6--12124.74.7--36361.251.25--9.59.51/21/2
.28.28--3434.075.075--992.82.8--28.428.4.75.75--7.57.51.11.1--3434.3.3--992.82.8--28.428.4.75.75--7.57.53/8*3/8*
.24.24--1717.0625.0625--4.54.51.31.3--13.213.2.35.35--3.53.5.95.95--1717.25.25--4.54.51.31.3--13.213.2.35.35--3.53.51/4*1/4*
Repeatable Repeatable RangeRange(LPM)(LPM)
Repeatable Range
(US GPM)
Linear RangeLinear Range(LPM)(LPM)
Linear RangeLinear Range(US GPM)(US GPM)
Repeatable RangeRepeatable Range(LPM)(LPM)
Repeatable Range(US GPM)
Linear RangeLinear Range(LPM)(LPM)
Linear RangeLinear Range(US GPM)(US GPM)
DiameterDiameter(inches)(inches)
MODULATED PICKUP COILMAGNETIC PICKUP COILFlowmeter Size
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Turbine flowmeters are highly “repeatable” (+/-.1%). “Smart” Electronics can correct for non-linearity of the flowmeter.
PLOT OF TURBINE FLOWMETER CALIBRATION“K-FACTORS” (pulses/gallon)
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1% 10% 100%
Flow Rate
Accuracy
Percent of Reading
Percent of Full Scale Absolute Accuracy Becomes Worse with Decreased Flow
Linearity and repeatability are expressed in terms of Linearity and repeatability are expressed in terms of ““percent of readingpercent of reading”” rather than rather than ““percent of full scalepercent of full scale””
such as a pressure head measurement sensorsuch as a pressure head measurement sensor
Turbine Meter Advantages Turbine Meter Advantages ––Of Reading vs. Percent of Full ScaleOf Reading vs. Percent of Full Scale
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Section 3 Section 3 --
Comparison of Hoffer Comparison of Hoffer turbine turbine flowmetersflowmeters to to
““othersothers””and how Hoffer is and how Hoffer is
uniqueunique
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All All ““turbine flowmetersturbine flowmeters”” are not created equal are not created equal --
Some are Plastic
Some are Aluminum
Some are Cast
There are many
differentdesigns of“Turbine meters”
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Common Design Elements Common Design Elements ––ffor a or a
““high performance turbine flowmeterhigh performance turbine flowmeter””
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Rotor Construction Rotor Construction ––Precision MachinedPrecision Machined
All Rotor assemblies are precision machined. All Rotor assemblies are precision machined.
Hoffer does not use cast rotors.Hoffer does not use cast rotors.
Cast rotors are Cast rotors are ““heavierheavier”” than rotors machined than rotors machined from solid bar stock. Heavier rotors translate to from solid bar stock. Heavier rotors translate to slower dynamic response to changes in flow rates. slower dynamic response to changes in flow rates.
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Rotor Construction Rotor Construction ––Rotor DesignRotor Design
Hoffer uses flat rather than curved blades on its Hoffer uses flat rather than curved blades on its rotorsrotors
Curved blades are excellent for extracting the Curved blades are excellent for extracting the maximum amount of energy from a fluid stream maximum amount of energy from a fluid stream which is why they are used in power and jet which is why they are used in power and jet engine turbines. As a result, however, they also engine turbines. As a result, however, they also produce a higher pressure drop.produce a higher pressure drop.
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Rotor Construction Rotor Construction ––Rotor DesignRotor Design
Flat bladed rotors result in a lower pressure dropFlat bladed rotors result in a lower pressure drop
Machined rotors can be Machined rotors can be ““customizedcustomized”” with thicker with thicker blades for use in abrasive servicesblades for use in abrasive services
The blade The blade ““lengthlength”” may be adjusted to accommodate may be adjusted to accommodate larger particulate. This approach is commonly utilized larger particulate. This approach is commonly utilized in the design of our oil patch flowmeters. in the design of our oil patch flowmeters.
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Optimization of Optimization of ““flow rangeflow range”” --Supplying various blade angles and rotor designsSupplying various blade angles and rotor designs
Hoffer provides four different blade angles (15, 20, 25 & 30 degree) for each size meter within our HO Gas product line to optimize the ideal flow range selection.
The “steeper” the blade angle; the lower the flow rate capability.
We offer “bladed” and “rim” type rotor assemblies. Rim rotors are typically specified for custody transfer applications and produce more “pulses” (better resolution).
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Bladed Rotor AssemblyBladed Rotor AssemblyRim Rotor Assembly
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In conclusion, you should consider using a Hoffer turbine flowmeters if…
Accuracy is important You need a robust flowmeter You require dynamic response to changes in flow
conditions You require a wide flow range You have a specific “footprint” (space) in which the
flowmeter must fit You want a flowmeter that is light in weight and easy
to install
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How can we help you?
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