Landmass DenudationWeathering ProcessesKarst Topography and LandscapesMass Movement Processes
WeatheringGeomorphology - Science of landformsWeathering – breaking up of landscapeErosion is transport of weathered materialEndogenic – Forces within EarthExogenic – Forces outside Earth
Dynamic equilibrium modelLandscape is balanced
Endogenic vs. ExogenicUplift vs. Weathering & ErosionGravity vs. Friction & CohesionWeathering vs. Resistance of rock
Balance changesLandscape changes in responseLandscape is balanced
Slope Mechanics and Form
Figure 10.3
Slope Mechanics and Form
Figure 10.3
WeatheringPhysical weathering disintegrates materialChemical weathering dissolves material
HydrolosisChemicals combine with waterWater dissolves chemicals
HydrationChemicals within rock absorb water and expandInternal stress forces apart rock
CarbonationWater combined with CO2 makes carbonic acidCarbonic acid dissolves calciumLimestone is calcium rich and creates Karst topographyKarst needs 80% Ca with abundant joints
Chemical Weathering
Oxidation Chemicals combine with oxygenOxygen + chemicals = rust
Oxidation in Rock and Soil
Figure 10.12
Chemical Weathering
Figure 10.10
Karst Topography and LandscapesFormation of KarstLands Covered with SinkholesCaves and Caverns