Waste Heat Recovery – Technologies and Opportunities in the Industrial sectorPradeep Kumar Dadhich, PhDDirector| GUIDe - Energy and ResourcesDeloitte Touche Tohmatsu India Private Limited
Three Essential Components are required for Waste Heat Recovery
Barriers and Research, Development, and Demonstration Needs Identified for Promoting Waste Heat Recovery Practices
1) Costs2) Temperature Restrictions3) Chemical Composition4) Application specific Constraints5) Inaccessibility/Transportability
Costs
• Long Payback Periods• Material Constraints and Costs• Economies-of-Scale• Operation and Maintenance Costs
Temperature restrictions
• Lack of a Viable End Use• Material Constraints and Costs• High temperature• Low temperature• Thermal cycling
• Heat Transfer Rates
Chemical Composition
• Temperature Restrictions• Heat Transfer Rates• Material Constraints and Costs• Operation and Maintenance Costs• Environmental Concerns• Product/Process Control
Application-specific Constraints
• Process-specific Constrains• Product/ Process Control
Inaccessibility/Transportability
• Limited Space• Transportability• Inaccessibility
Research, Development, and Demonstration Needs for Addressing Waste Heat Recovery Barriers
Examples of Waste Heat Sources and End-Uses
Furnace Efficiency Increases with Combustion Air PreheatFurnaceOutlet Temperature
Combustion Air Preheat Temperature 204°C 316°C 427°C 538°C 649°C
1,427°C 22% 30% 37% 43% 48%
1,316°C 18% 26% 33% 38% 43%
1,204°C 16% 23% 29% 34% 39%
1,093°C 14% 20% 26% 31% 36%
982°C 13% 19% 24% 29% 33%
871°C 11% 17% 22% 26% 30%
760°C 10% 16% 20% 25% 28%
Factors Affecting Waste Heat Recovery Feasibility1) heat quantity2) heat temperature/quality
a. Heat Exchanger Area Requirementsb. Maximum Efficiency for Power Generationc. Temperature and Material Selection
3) composition4) minimum allowed temperature5) operating schedules, availability, and other logistics
Heat Exchanger Area Requirements
Maximum Efficiency for Power Generation: Carnot Efficiency
Temperature Classification of Waste Heat Sources and Related Recovery Opportunity
Constraints on Energy Efficient Technology Deployment
Consumers needs reliable information to make informed decisions
Benchmarks for energy efficiency
Lack of energy performance rating tools
Supply Chain Issues & Constraints
Availability of Trained manpower
Institutional barriers
Policy Framework (local, regional, national)
Financing options
Regulatory Framework
Smart Grid
Building energy efficiency
Waste heat utilization
HVAC technologies
Supply side efficiency
16
Favorable Neutral Unfavorable
Summary of the constraints and key dependencies
Energy Efficient Technologies in India- Stages of Market Development
Stages of EE Market Development
Boilers
Smart Grid
VFD/Drives
EE motors
HVAC
Waste to Energy
Solar Thermal
Biomass Combustion
Energy efficient buildings tech.
Clean coal technologies
RE Technologies Evolution
Key Policy & Regulatory Drivers
Grants
Carbon Trading
PAT/Ecerts
Tax Incentives, Accelerated Depreciation,
Capital Subsidy
Key Financing & Supply Chain Activities
Demonstration ProjectsScale Up & Supply Chain
Consolidation
ESCO Project Development
PPP models
Investments in Equipment Manufacturing
Balance Sheet/ Project FinancingUtility financing
Venture Capital Investments
Project Financing
Technology Development Market Incubation Market Commercialization Market maturity
DSM framework
Heat Exchangers
Compressors
Led Lighting
PumpsEE Lighting solutions
PE Investments
Public procurement system
Thermal storage
Thank You
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