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STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON
“BEHAVIORAL PROBLEM OF TODDLERS”
Name of the investigator: Mr. Vishwas Jog. K Topic: Behavioral problems of toddlers
Date:
Time:
Duration: 45 mins
Groups: mothers of toddlers
Venue:
No. of group Members:
Method of teaching: Lecture cum Discussion
A.V.Aids: Charts and Flash Cards
OBJECTIVES
GENERAL OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the teaching programme mothers will be able to get in depth knowledge on behavioral
problems of toddlers
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
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SPECIFIC
OBJECTIVES
TIME CONTENT TEACHER’S
ACTIVITY
LEARNER’S
ACTIVITY
A.V.AIDS EVALUATION
INTRODUCTION
Toddlers are children of age group
1 to 3 years. During this time
child’s activity increases, childstared to speak. The child itself
moving towards its autonomy.And also growing child
requirement also changes, feedingand all others techniques used in
infancy must be changed in order to meet the needs of the toddler.Child’s moment towards
autonomy will be exhibits inmany ways. This may be
challenging to mothers to
understand about the conditionand also about the management of
these kinds of problems.During toddler hood along with
the developmental and medical problems, behavioral problems are
also prominent.
Teacher introduce the
topic narrating
an incident
Learners getintroduced to
the topic
Explain what is
behavioral problems
during toddlers
BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMS
OF TODDLERS:
Behavioral problems of toddlers
Teacher
explains the
meaning of
Learners listen Chart What is
Behavioral
problems of
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are common, and they most
commonly result from the child’s
need for autonomy andexploration behavioral problems,
toddlers hitting biting temper
tantrums. These needs arise fromchild’s newly acquired mobility
and communication skills
Behavioral
problems of
toddlers
toddlers
Explain the forms of behavioral problems
Toddlers emotional out burst may be shown as Behavioral problems.
The most common behavioral problems in toddlers are,
• Temper tantrum
• Thumb sucking
• Negativism
• Aggressiveness
• Sibling rivalry
Teacher listdown the forms
of Behavioral problems of
toddlers
Learners listento the topic
Charts What are all theforms of
Behavioral problems of
toddlers
Explain the causes of Behavioral problems
of toddlers
CAUSES:
• Developmental
• Response to the needs of theautonomy
• Idiopathic
Teacher listdown the causes
of Behavioral problems of
toddlers
Learners listento the topic
Charts What are all thecauses of
Behavioral problems of
toddlers
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Explain about temper
tantrumTEMPER TANTRUM:
Children in the toddler age shows
temper tantrum as an emotionalout burst of the bad temper. It can
be shown by irrational crying,
screaming, angry.Every one has tantrums at one or
other times. Temper tantrum mayworsen in severity because parents
often mistakenly reward behavior.Parents should understand that
tantrums are normal butunacceptable. If child is having
tantrum in the reasonable area like
home, the parents should ignore
him, and not maintain any verbalor physical contact such as promising, bargaining, or even
threatening the child.
Severe temper tantrum such as 3or more times per day lasting
more than 15 mins is associatedwith other behavioral problems
and psychological risk factorstherefore continued clinical
follow-up is necessary.
Temper tantrums range from
whining and crying to screaming,kicking, hitting, and breath
holding. They're equally common
Teacher explain
about temper
tantrum
Learners listens
the topic
Flash cards Explain about
temper tantrum
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in boys and girls and usuallyoccur between the ages of 1 to 3.
Kids' temperaments vary
dramatically — so some kids mayexperience regular tantrums,whereas others have them rarely.
They're a normal part of development and don't have to be
seen as something negative.
Unlike adults, kids don't have thesame inhibitions or control.
Imagine how it feels when you're
determined to program your DVD player and aren't able to do it, no
matter how hard you try, because
you can't understand how. It's pretty frustrating — do you swear,
throw the manual, walk away, andslam the door on your way out?
That's the adult version of atantrum. Toddlers are also trying
to master their world and when
they aren't able to accomplish atask, they turn to one of the only
tools at their disposal for ventingfrustration — a tantrum.
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The best way to deal with temper tantrums is to avoid them in the
first place, whenever possible.
Here are some strategies that may
help:
• Make sure your child isn't
acting up simply because he or she isn't getting enough
attention. To a child, negative
attention (a parent's responseto a tantrum) is better than no
attention at all. Try to establisha habit of catching your child
being good ("time in"), whichmeans rewarding your little
one with attention for positive
behavior.
• Try to give toddlers somecontrol over little things. This
may fulfill the need for independence and ward off
tantrums. Offer minor choices
such as "Do you want orange juice or apple juice?" or "Do
you want to brush your teeth before or after taking a bath?"
This way, you aren't asking
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"Do you want to brush your
teeth now?" — Which
inevitably will be answered"no?"
• Keep off-limits objects outof sight and out of reach tomake struggles less likely to
develop over them. Obviously,
this isn't always possible,especially outside of the home
where the environment can't becontrolled.
• Distract your child. Take
advantage of your little one's
short attention span byoffering a replacement for the
coveted object or beginning anew activity to replace the
frustrating or forbidden one.
Or simply change theenvironment. Take your
toddler outside or inside or move to a different room.
• Set the stage for success
when kids are playing or
trying to master a new task.Offer age-appropriate toys and
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games. Also, start with
something simple before
moving on to morechallenging tasks.
• Consider the requestcarefully when your childwants something. Is it
outrageous? Maybe it isn't.
Choose your battles;accommodate when you can.
• Know your child's limits.
If you know your toddler istired, it's not the best time to
go grocery shopping or try to
squeeze in one more errand.
If a safety issue is involved and atoddler repeats the forbidden
behavior after being told to stop,use a time-out or hold the child
firmly for several minutes. Be
consistent. Kids must understand
that you are inflexible on safetyissues.
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Discuss in detail
about thumb suckingTHUMB SUCKING Teacher discuss
about thumb
sucking
Learners
participated in
discussion
Flash cards What is thumb
sucking
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It is very common for babies to
suck their thumbs, both at the
toddler stage and sometimes evenafter they start school. In fact
surprisingly babies suck their
thumb in the womb, even beforethey are born!
For children in the first year of
life, sucking to fall asleep or for comfort is self-limiting and
wonderful. It is a self-soothingactivity, an indication of tiredness,
boredom, and the need for
comfort but not indication anxiety
or nervousness in an infant. Infact, it is more a means to satisfythe need in an infant to suck
(which varies from child to child)
and it is exclusive of its feedinghabits.
It is noticed that children who
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suck their thumbs sleep better at
night, as one's thumb is easier tofind than a fallen pacifier, by a
child. If children wake up in themiddle of the night they
immediately need something to
suck on to go back to sleep and it
is when they are unable to find it,that they become restless and cryending up sleeping badly.
The theory
Earlier thumb sucking was
discouraged by doctors but now issanctioned as an accepted
behaviour of a child in its earlyyears. The main reason why
thumb sucking was discouragedactively both by doctors and parents, was the danger of the
child growing irregular anddeformed teeth or an affected jaw
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line. This is valid even today but
now doctors are confident that
children give up the habit of thumb sucking prior to the
formation of their permanent
teeth, which is around the age of 5-6 years, causing no dental
problems.
But there is still this concern thatwhat if my child does not stop
sucking its thumb by theappropriate age? It is generally
noted that most children give up
the habit by the time they are a
year old, and as they are exposedto new learning experiences andskills they no longer need to be
comforted or use as stimulation.
So new parents rest assured thatthis is just a temporary and very
basic phase in your child's life.
When does it become a
problem?
Thumb sucking becomes a problem if the child has not, evenafter 5 or 6 years of age kicked
this habit, or, if it is in some wayhindering the normal life of the
child like affecting his play
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activities or learning or causing
social ostracism.
Older children may use thumb
sucking to relieve tension or
because they are shy or insecure,to alleviate boredom or to help
them fall asleep. A lot of the times parents unwittingly prolong the
habit because of forcing the childat a young age to stop thumb
sucking and the child just refusesto let the habit go.
There is no need for any medical
help unless and until this habit becomes addictive and obsessiveand it is affecting the social
relationships, emotional health
and the overall development of the child.
If these situations occur you can
talk to your pediatrician who willrecommend a therapist for your
childPreventing thumb sucking
The best way to prevent this habit
is not by pulling out a child'sthumb/finger from its mouth but
to ignore this habit. A child has
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every right to suck his thumb if he
feels like it, but if this continues
after the child has started talkingor even later stages then do not
show affection or comfort when it
is sucking but always show a lotof when the child is not thumb
sucking. This is a time consuming process and you must be patient.
As a child if he sucks his thumb
does not pull it out, you may endup getting into a power hassle
with him, which will turn your
child into a forced late thumb
sucker. It was found in a studythat late thumb suckers allinvariably have been the product
of well-meaning parents forcing
them to remove their thumb fromtheir mouths. Unless your child is
old enough to reason with, any pressure applied against thumb
sucking will only turn a naturaldevelopmental phase into an
ingrained habit.
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Discuss in detail
about aggression in
toddlers
AGGRESSION
Helping a young child find an
alternative to his aggressive behavior is an important step in
the prevention of violence. It is
very important to emphasize that punishment increases aggression
rather than decreases it, and thatchildren need to be taught
acceptable expression of feelingsrather than merely telling them
what is not acceptable. The goal isnot to destroy feelings, but to
redirect them.
An important first stepunderstands the underlying causeof the aggression. Anger and
sadness are closely related in the
child's mind. What is going on inthe child's life? Is there domestic
violence that serves as a rolemodel for his own angry
expression? Are there other stresses contributing to resentment
and frustration? Could theaggression be a defense againstdepression? Dealing with the
source will have a more long-termeffect in addition to dealing with
the here and now situation.
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Secondly, identifying triggers to
the aggression can help the adulthead off a problem before it starts.
Do the aggressive outbursts occur
just before lunch when the child ishungry or just before naptime? Is
the child fine with one other child, but displays aggression in a
group? Does the child respond toa difficult task by throwing the
object he is working on? Iswaiting a particularly hard thing
for this child to do? What about
transitions? Knowing what
triggers the response allows for planning, even discussing thesituation with the child and asking
""what would be a better way?"
Probably the most important part
of handling an aggressive incidentis to keep calm. Children need
role models of adults who are ableto handle their own feelings. It
gives the child a sense of securityto know that even though he may be out of control, the adult can
maintain his own self control.
Many children respond to a
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soothing touch, but others just get
more upset. Know what works
with each child.
If you use a time out method, do
not refer to it as a punishment, butas a useful tool to help a person
cool off. Model to the child thatyou use time out yourself when
you feel stress coming on.
Help a child find words to expresshis feelings rather than using his
fists. Help him say "I'm angry
because you knocked over my
tower." "I don't like to share." "Ihate it when I have to stop whatI'm doing."
After an aggressive incident ask the child to think of as many ways
as he can of what he could dodifferently if the circumstances
were repeated.
Every time you see the child behave appropriately, draw hisattention to it. "Thank you for
being patient while I was on the phone." "I know sharing is hard,
but you let Jimmy play with your
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With independence comes
separateness from parents, along
with the child’s message “I can doit myself, and my way!” For most
parents those words, and the
attitude that goes with them, aredifficult to tolerate
All typically developing toddlers
push for their independence. Eachchild has a unique timetable for
this burst of “negativism”, but
many parents will notice anincrease in this difficult behavior
around 18 months and again
around 30 months. A commontoddler response to frustration is atemper tantrum. Toddlers are
having their own struggle, as they
try to balance their need for independence with their need for
dependence. Toddlers oftenrespond with a loud “NO!” almost
automatically, even when they
really mean, “yes”. Toddlers often
forget the rules parents set, sothey make the same mistakes over and over again. The purpose of
the toddler’s negativism is not to be disrespectful. He is attempting
to assert him-self as an individual,
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separate from his parents.
“Difficult” behavior during thetoddler years will not last a
lifetime. When parents allow their
toddler to assert his independencein acceptable ways, the toddler
can pass through this stage andmove to the more cooperative,
reasonable preschool stage. Older toddlers can be taught, with
patience and understanding, the
basics of appropriate social behavior
MANAGEMENT
Prepare your child for changes: No one likes to stop what they're
doing and toddlers are no
different. If you're outside playingwarn your child that it's almost
time to go inside. Your child may be fussy, your child may even
respond with ‘no' but As this is
practiced your child will adapt.
·Except ‘no' as a response: Allowyour child to say ‘no' sometimes,
expect it and respect this buddingnew person. Think of ways your
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child can say ‘no'. Play a game,
ask your child silly questions like,
"Do pigs say ‘Meow'?" and youcan even find books with ‘no' built
into the story as a response that
your child will love to scream.
·Be patient with your little adult:Let your child know that you
understand the frustration he/shefeels. Encourage your child in a
loving way, respond to him/her calmly and get through this stage
together. Your positive attitude
will result in less stressful times in
the end.
In the End
In essence a parent can expect alot from their child's development
and not all of those developmentalstages will be quite as exciting as
their first steps, first words or firsttrip to the potty. Some stages of
development are down rightaggravating but a parent shouldexpect these times, deal with them
times gracefully and take the goodwith the bad.
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Parenting can be a real challenge
and parents don't always know
what to do, taking the time tolearn is invaluable. Be
constructive and reap the benefits
of a smart, healthy child.Describe about
sibling rivalry
SIBLING RIVALRY
Sibling rivalry in toddlers can beespecially difficult for parents to
deal with. The fact of the matter isthat toddlers are much more
difficult to reason with than older
children. In addition, it can bemore difficult to understand
exactly what it is that is causing
sibling rivalry in toddlers. Still,there are some things that you cando to help address sibling rivalry
in your toddlers.
First, you need to watch out for aggressive behavior. When
toddlers experience siblingrivalry, or any other sort of
frustrating situation for that
matter, they will often act out.
Make sure that you intervenewhen your toddlers begin to act inan aggressive manner.
Next, you will want to encouragecooperation among toddlers who
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are experiencing sibling rivalry.
Find ways for them to work
together. Help them to share acommon goal, such as cleaning
their rooms in order to earn a trip
to the park. At the same time thatyou are encouraging cooperation,
you can encourage friendlycompetition while discouraging
negative competition. Emphasizeeach child’s strengths, and find
ways for them to compete inhealthy ways. For example, you
might have them see who can
come up with the most
compliments for the other. Try toavoid situations where there is acompetition for your attention,
your time, or your affection,
however. Making sure that eachchild receives enough
individualized attention will go along way in helping to reduce
sibling rivalry in your toddlers.Ultimately, it is up to you to help
your toddlers who areexperiencing sibling rivalry tohelp them work things out. In
some instances, sibling rivalrymay work itself out, but in other
case you will need to help teach
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them to resolve their conflicts.
Help them to learn how to talk
about their feelings, and to listento their sibling as well. Help them
to use words instead of acting out
physically. When you cant getthem to back off from one
another, separate them physically by asking them to play by
themselves for MANAGEMENT
Figuring out a solution to siblingrivalry can be a difficult task for
any parent. The fact of the matter
is that sibling rivalry cannot beeliminated entirely. However, asmany parents know, sibling
rivalry can often get out of hand,
making for a difficult homeenvironment. While it may not be
possible to do away with siblingrivalry, there may be things that
you can do to work with your
children to find a solution to
sibling rivalry.
The solution to sibling rivalry
rests, mainly, on communication.
Just like any other sort of conflict,sibling rivalry very often escalates
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when there is a lack of good
communication. This is not to saythat sibling rivalry is caused by
problems with communication. In
fact, most sibling rivalry is caused by completely other things, such
as jealousy, anger, or a feeling of a loss of privacy. When these
things occur, if the children arenot communicating in an effective
way, it is likely that a simple
dispute will turn into full-fledgedsibling rivalry. So, while
communication problems are not
the cause of sibling rivalry, theyare part of the solution to siblingrivalry.
Good communication for siblingsincludes being able, first of all, to
identify their own wants and
needs. Often sibling rivalry beginswhen one siblings needs or wants
are not being met. Being able to
identify those needs and then tocommunicate them to their siblingin a non-threatening way is the
first step in the solution to sibling
rivalry. The next step in thesolution to sibling rivalry is a bit
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more difficult, however. It
includes the siblings being able tolisten effectively to each others
wants and needs. Finally, the most
important part in the solution tosibling rivalry is for the siblings to
be able to put themselves in their sibling’s shoes, not only listening
to their wants and needs but tryingto see things
Summarize the topic SUMMARY
Behavior problems in toddlers are
common, and they mostcommonly result from the child'sneed for autonomy and
exploration behavior problems,
toddlers, hitting, biting, temper tantrums. These needs arise from
the child's newly acquiredmobility and communication
skills
.
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