Victory and Defeat in Victory and Defeat in the Greek World the Greek World Chapter 5 Section 3 Chapter 5 Section 3
Things to keep in mindThings to keep in mind
What were the results of the Persian and Peloponnesian wars?
Why did Athens enjoy a Golden age under Pericles?
What led to the outbreak of the Peloponnesian wars?
The Persian WarsThe Persian Wars Athens was the wealthiest Greek
City-State by 500 B.C. Threat came the Persians Look at the map on page 113
Athens (the Acropolis)
Marathon
Persian Emperor Darius sent a large force to punish Athens.
Persian Army landed at Marathon Athenian forces were outnumbered
2-1 Athenians forced the Persians to
retreat
The run of PheidippidesThe run of Pheidippides
Carried news of the Victory to Athens
26.2 Miles Marathon Died when he reached
Athens
Predicting the futurePredicting the future
Themistocles, the leader of Athens, urged Athens to build a fleet of warships to prepare for future attacks
Xerxes sends more Xerxes sends more troopstroops
The son of Darius sends more troops from the Persian Empire
Athens had joined forces with Sparta to prevent a loss to the Persian Empire
ThermopylaeThermopylae A small mountain pass guarded by
a small Spartan force Spartan force led by King Leonidas Held for a long period of time but
could not withstand the force of the Persian Army
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rJZ-STX0x0c (view a movie scene from 300)
Persians march on
Attack and burn Athens, but no one is there
Athens retreated to safety
Themistocles was right
Using the fleet he had urged them to build, the Athenians defeated the Persian fleet in the Straight of Salamis
Athens defeated the Persians 1 year later
Athens and Sparta defeated the Persian threat
Xerxes was sure of victory. He had his throne placed on a hill overlooking the sea, in part to savor his victory and in part so his commanders would know that their king was watching them.
Results of the Persian War
Increased their belief in their superiority
Athens was the most powerful city-state
Greece is still worried about the Persian Empire
Delian LeagueDelian League Made up of Greek City States who
wanted to protect themselves from Persia
Athens dominated the League Moved the Treasury from Delos to
Athens Used Delian League $ to rebuild
their city
The Delian LeagueThe Delian League
The Age of PericlesThe Age of Pericles Golden Age for Athens Thriving economy and increased
democracy Athenians had a Direct Democracy Rebuilt the Acropolis With the help of Aspasia, Pericles
turned Athens into the center of Greek Culture
Greeks vs. GreeksGreeks vs. Greeks
Resentment of the Power of Athens causes Sparta and other Greek countries to form the Peloponnesian League
Peloponnesian government = Oligarchy
Delian government = Democracy A 27 year war was about to start
The Peloponnesian WarThe Peloponnesian War
Athens had a geographic disadvantage: Sparta was located inland
Good thought. Bad Good thought. Bad Result.Result.
In an attempt to save the people outside the city, Pericles allows everyone inside the walls of Athens
The Plague strikes as a result of the overcrowding
Bad leadershipBad leadership
The Plague kills Pericles himself Power Struggles in Athens
undermined the cities Democratic Government
Did not see this one Did not see this one comingcoming
Sparta allies itself with The Persian Empire
The Spartans defeat Athens
Sparta after the WarSparta after the War
Will lose to Thebes, another Greek city-state A new power is rising in Macedonia
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