UNIT 3-CELL CELL THEORY-What are the 3 facts of the cell theory?
1. All living organisms are made up of cells
2. The cell =basic unit of life
3.All new cells come from existing cells
Light and Electron Microscope
Light –compound Microscope: • Radiation source is light • Maximum magnification 1000-2000 times. • Image is coloured • Cell structures as small as 1millionth of meter • Electron Microscope: • Radiation source is electrons,. • Maximum magnification 1, 60,000 to 2, 50,000 times. • Image is black and white. • Cell structures as small as 1 billionth of a meter
Electron M/scopes can be Transmissioon or Scanning • Transmission Electron- need thin samples; images are flat & 2
Dimensional • Scanning Electron-samples can be any thickness and U can 3 dimensional
PROKARYOTIC (P)AND EUKARYOTIC (E) (CELLS)
In E-Cells, parts are membrane bound like cell membrane+ nuclear membrane surrounding the nucleus
• E-Larger, more complex, DNA is contained in nucleus
P-simpler, smaller, DNA scattered
P-Cell parts are not bound by membranes-no cell, no nuclear membranes
ANIMAL AND PLANT CELLS
Cell Organelles & Functions
Nucleus is surrounded
by the cytoplasm
Nucleus contains DNA
and instructions
for cell
Parts of the cell in Protein Synthesis
Protein synthesis
Indentify Parts of cell in this diagram involved in A.Protein assembly B.Protein Transport C. Protein Sorting and Packaging. Why is this cell Eukaryotic?......because it has membranes around the cell parts. What is the function of microtubules + filaments-…they hold shape & support cell.
Ribosome-Assembly
ER-Protein Transport
Golgi Apparatus Sorts, Modifies, Packages +Stores Protein
Energy Organelles
Both mitochondria & chloroplasts have inner + outer membranes. Mitochondria are the sites for cellular respiration in eukaryotic cell.
Chloroplasts are the sites of photosynthesis in plants & algae.Chloroplasts contain molecules of chlorophyll and other pigments that trap light.
CELL BOUNDARIES * Cell Membrane (Plasma Membrane)
This is called the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane It is made up of 2 layers of lipids-bilipid *Cell Wall- found in plants maintain shape and support
Cell Transport through The Cell Membrane-Osmosis
Osmosis FRESH WATER
What happens when c cell is placed in fresh water?
Facilitated Diffusion Active Transport-uses energy-ATP uses proteins-no energy
Cell Transport-
PHOTOSYNTHESIS-Plants make food-There are 2-Stages Stage 1 -Light Dependent Stage 2Light Independent 1.Sunlight in or other types of light O2 1. NADPH from Light Rxn 2.H20 split-O2 is released 2. CO2 is fixed in Calvin 3.H+ goes to NAPD to form NADPH +Glucose
EQUATION-Photosynthesis carbon dioxide + water ==> glucose + oxygen 6CO2 + 6H2O ----------- C6H12O6 + 6O2
Which candle burns longer & why?
CELLULAR RESPIRATION There are 2 types-:
AEROBIC –with O2 ANAEROBIC w/out O2 • Glycolysis
• Krebs Cycle
• Electron Transport
•
EQUATION:CELL RESPIRATION C6H12O6 + 6O2 ------> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ~(energy) 38 ATP Glucose sugar +OxygenCarbon dioxide +water+energy
YOGURT ALCOHOL
ATP Production • What is ATP-Adenosine Triphosphate (3P+) which
stores energy for the cell to use in its activities.
• ATP Production Where-Mitochondria
Process-Respiration-Krebs Cycle +electron Transport
What Happens-Cell takes ADP (adenonsine diphosphate(2P+)
grabs a phosphate molecule (P+)making it ATP
(3P+)that stores energy.
When ATP loses a P/phosphate it becomes
ADPenergy is released
• ATP synthesase enzyme is used in the reation
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