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Understanding the Millennial Generation's Staying Connected

Mindset

Securing the eCampus 2010

Davina Pruitt-Mentle, Ph.D.

July 19-21, 2010Dartmouth CollegeHaldeman Center

Hanover, New Hampshire

Copyright 2010: Davina Pruitt-Mentle, Ph.D.: Permission to use for educational purposes with credit given - 2010 eCampus Conference 1

ETPRO

2Copyright 2010: Davina Pruitt-Mentle, Ph.D.: Permission to use for educational purposes with credit given - 2010 eCampus Conference

Overview

Research and ReportsTrends

Kaiser Family FoundationECAR

Pew and Internet Life Studies


Generation M2: Media in the Lives of 8-18 yr Olds


Kaiser Family Foundation

http://www.kff.org/entmedia/

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From Kaiser Foundation M2 Study Press Release

Copyright 2010: Davina Pruitt-Mentle, Ph.D.: Permission to use for educational purposes with credit given - 2010 eCampus Conference

http://www.kff.org/entmedia/


8-18 yr – average 7 hrs and 38 min (7:38) using entertainment media across a typical day (more than 53 hours a week).

Due to ‘media multitasking’ they actually manage to pack a total of 10 hours and 45minutes (10:45) worth of media content into those 7½ hours.

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Kaiser Family Foundation Released Jan 20, 1010Copyright 2010: Davina Pruitt-Mentle, Ph.D.: Permission to use for educational purposes with credit given - 2010 eCampus Conference


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Copyright 2010: Davina Pruitt-Mentle, Ph.D.: Permission to use for

educational purposes with credit given -2010 eCampus Conference

Mobile Media Consumption

Over the past five years� 39% to 66% for cell phones� 18% to 76% for iPods and other MP3 players � young people now spend more time listening to

music, playing games, and watching TV on their cell phones (a total of :49 daily) than they spend talkingon them (:33)

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Kaiser Family Foundation 2010


Types of Media

TV remains the dominant type of media content consumed, at 4:29 a daymusic/audio at 2:31computers at 1:29video games at 1:13print at :38movies at :25 a day

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Multitasking


Types of Media

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Activities

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EDUCAUSE Center

Provide college and university administrators, particularly those charged with implementing the technology environments, with reliable information on undergraduates’ behaviors, preferences, and overall satisfaction with technology.

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ECAR Study of Undergraduate Students and IT, 2009

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Smith, Shannon, Gail Salaway, and Judith Borreson Caruso, with an Introduction by Richard N. Katz. The ECAR Study of Undergraduate Students and Information Technology, 2009 (Research Study, Vol. 6). Boulder, CO: EDUCAUSE Center for Applied Research, 2009, available from http://www.educause.edu/ecar.

ECAR Research Questions

What kinds of IT are students using, and with what levels of skill?What do students perceive to be the value and advantages of the use of IT?What is the experience of students with IT in their courses?What obstacles do students face in their use of technology?


ECAR StudyLongitudinal extension of the 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, and 2008 studies.

Based on quantitative data from a spring 2009 survey of 30,616 freshmen and seniors at 103 four-year institutions and students at 12 two-year institutions;

Student focus groups that included input from 62 students at 4 institutions;

Review of qualitative data from written responses to open-ended questions.


ECAR Study

Studies� student ownership, � experience,� behaviors,� preferences,� and skills with respect to information technologies

the 2009 study also includes a special focus on student ownership and use of Internet-capable handheld devices.


ECAR Study“It’s hard to believe, but when the college seniors we surveyed for this year’s study began their education four years ago, netbooks, iPhones, and the Nintendo Wii had yet to hit the market. When they went home for the holidays during their freshman year, some returned with a brand new game called Guitar Hero for the PlayStation 2, and some may have been lucky enough to score a $250 4-GB iPod nano or an ultrathin digital camera. Today’s freshmen have mobile phones that hold more songs than that 4-GB nano, and they can use them to take digital photos and videos of the same quality as the $400 camera today’s seniors got for their high school graduation.”


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ECAR 2009 FindingsThe vast majority of respondents, 9 out of 10, use the college and university library website (94.6%), with a median frequency of use of weeklyabout 9 in 10 use presentation software (93.8%) and spreadsheets(86.8%), with a median frequency of monthly.Downloading music or videos is also popular- 84.2% said they do it, with a median frequency of weekly. This activity has grown in popularity since 2006The percentage of students who reported they download music or video has increased from 71.4% to 83.5% in the 39-institution longitudinal data set, and those who download daily increased from7.2% t0 11.0%.


ECAR 2009 Findings

Web 2.0 user-driver sites� Video websites (44.8%)� Wikis (41.9%)� Blogs (37.3%)� Podcasts (35.0%)

2009 asked students if they use computer for phone calls—voice over Internet Protocol, or VolP (Skype, etc.) –(37.7%) median frequency of use is monthly


ECAR Study: Interactive Communication Tools

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ECAR Study: Older Catching Up

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ECAR: IT for CoursesWhich technologies were they actively using as a part of their courses at the time of the survey (February 23 through April 13, 2009)� college or university library website (73.1%)� a course or learning management system (70.4%)� presentation software such as PowerPoint (66.5%)� and almost half (46.3%) said they use spreadsheets

such as Excel.


ECAR: IT for CoursesDespite the very high percentages of personal use of SNSs, only 27.8% reported using them in a course during the quarter or semester of the survey.25.3% use wikisFewer than 2 in 19 use instant messaging (18.3%)Graphics software (15.5%)Blogs (11.5%)Programming languages such as C++ and Java (11.1%)


ECAR Findings

Students are learning and using these technologies, but not necessarily for formal academic purposes

� 1/3 reported using these software tools at least once per year overall

� For Coursesonly 5.8% were using podcasts6.0% were using video-creation software5.0% were using audio-creation software


ECAR Study

How Students View Their Own Technology

traditional distribution w/ rough bell curvehalf (51.0%) identifying themselves as mainstream adopters� gender gap, more than half of males (53.8%)

claimed they are early adopters or innovators� whereas only one-fourth of females (25.4%)

did so. 26Copyright 2010: Davina Pruitt-Mentle, Ph.D.: Permission to use for educational purposes with credit given - 2010 eCampus Conference

ECAR Study

How Students View Their Own Technology

Feel skilled or very skilled with presentation software, spreadsheets, course and learning management systems, and college and university library websites

Respondents assessed themselves lower on their use of graphics software and on computer maintenance activities such as software updates and security


CMS

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Institutions’ investments in CMSs seem to be paying off

Positive (52.0%) or very positive (11.2%). � Respondents who used a CMS more frequently reported more

positive experiences.

Two-thirds (64.7%) said that they disagree or strongly disagree with the statement “I skip classes when materials from course lectures are available online.”


Institutions’ investments in CMSs seem to be paying off

“I get more actively involved in courses that use IT.”

� “IT makes doing my course activities more convenient.” 70.4% agreed

� “The use of IT in my courses improves my learning.”

� “By the time I graduate, the IT I have used in my courses will have adequately prepared me for theworkplace.”


Handheld Devices

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What Activities

When using Internet from a handheld device what Internet activities do they use it for (selecting all that apply from a list of 13 activities) 76.7% checking for information such as news, weather, sports, specific facts, etc. 58.7% connect to use maps, find places, get directions, or plan routes. Other activities identified by respondents were � e-mail (75.1%)� SNSs (62.5%)


Mobile Devices in the Academic Environment

(32.2%) agreed or strongly agreed with the statement “While in class, I regularly use my cell phone or handheld Internet device for non-course activities.”50.5% agreed or strongly agreed instructorsshould have the authority to forbid the use of cell phones and handheld Internet devices during class time� higher among older than among younger students


3 Top InstitutionalIT Services

Most likely to use, if available, from an Internet-capable handheld device� e-mail system (63.4%)� student administrative services (official

grades, registration, etc.) (46.8%)� course or learning management system

(45.7%).


See ECAR Conclusion Summary Handout

Pew Research Center’s Internet & American Life ProjectSeries of reports undertaken by the Pew Research Center Highlight the attitudes and behaviors of the Millennial generation, a cohort defined as adults ages 18 to 29.

35Copyright 2010: Davina Pruitt-Mentle, Ph.D.: Permission to use for

educational purposes with credit given - 2010 eCampus Conference

Pew Internet Project

Teens and adults reveal a decline in blogging among teens and young adults and a modest rise among adults 30 and older.In 2009, 14% of teens and 15% of young adults blogAdults > 30 bloggers rose from 7% in 2006 to 11% in 2009


Increase in SNS

Drop in blogging among younger internet users = changes in social network useNearly three quarters (73%) of online teens and an equal number (72%) of young adults use social network sites.

40% of adults 30 and older used the social sites in the fall of 2009




12-17 year olds do not use Twitter� just 8% of online teens 12-17 say they ever

use TwitterSimilar to the number who use virtual

worldsThis puts Twitter far down the list of popular online activities for teens and stands in stark contrast to their record of being early adopters of nearly every online activity.

38Copyright 2010: Davina Pruitt-Mentle, Ph.D.: Permission to use for educational purposes with credit given - 2010

eCampus Conference

Blogging OutMicroBlogging In

Wireless connectivity continues to rise inthe < 30 age groupFacebook has taken over as the social network of choice� 73% of adult profile owners use Facebook,

48% have a profile on MySpace and 14% use LinkedIn

Microblogging and status updating on social networks have replaced old-style “macro-blogging” for many teens and adults


40Pew Internet Project

Teens and Mobile Phones Over the Past Five Years: Pew Internet Looks Back

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Pew Internet Trends Data

71% of teens owned cell phones in 2008

77% of teens own a game console like an Xbox or a PlayStation 74% of teens own an iPod or mp3 player 60% of teens “own” a desktop or laptop computer55% of teens own a portable gaming device
